Psych Quiz 7A

Which of the following illustrates the serial position effect? A) The only name Kensie remembers from the people she met at the party is Spencer, because she thought he was particularly good looking. B) Kimia has trouble remembering information from the book's first unity when she reviews for semester finals. C) It's easy for Brittney to remember that carbon's atomic number is 6 because her birthday is on December 6. D) Kyle was not able to remember the names of all his new co-workers after one week on the job, but he could after two weeks. E) Alp is unable to remember the middle of a list of vocabulary words as well as he remembers the first or last words on the list.

Alp is unable to remember the middle of a list of vocabulary words as well as he remembers the first or last words on the list.

Which of the following describes long-term potentiation? A) When attempting to retrieve information, it is easier to recognize than to recall. B) Constructed memories have the potential to be either accurate or inaccurate. C) Memories are formed in the brain when a synapse changes to allow for more efficient transfer of information. D) Implicit memories are processed by the cerebellum instead of by the hippocampus. E) Information is transferred from working memory to long-term memory.

Memories are formed in the brain when a synapse changes to allow for more efficient transfer of information.

Which of the following statements concerning memory is true? A) Hypnosis, when used as a component of therapy, usually improves the accuracy of memory. B) One aspect of memory that is usually accurate is the source of the remembered information. C) Children's memories of abuse are always accurate. D) Memories we are more certain of are more likely to be accurate. E) Memories are often a blend of correct and incorrect information.

Memories are often a blend of correct and incorrect information.

Which of the following is an example of source amnesia? A) Iva can't remember the details of a horrifying event because she has repressed them. B) Mary has entirely forgotten about an incident in grade school until her friend reminds her of the event. C) Michael can't remember this year's locker combination because he confuses it with last year's combination. D) Stephen misremembers a dream as something that really happened. E) Anna, who is trying to lose weight, is unable to remember several of the between-meal snacks she had yesterday.

Stephen misremembers a dream as something that really happened.

Which of the following is an example of implicit memory? A) The ability to find a hidden "Where's Waldo?" figure with practice. B) The ability to retrieve from memory the details of an assignment that is due tomorrow. C) The ability to vividly recall significant events like 9/11 attacks. D) The ability to remember the details of your last birthday party. E) The ability of people to recognize names and pictures of their classmates many years after they have graduated.

The ability to find a hidden "Where's Waldo?" figure with practice.

Which of the following is true regarding the role of the amygdala in memory? A) The amygdala helps process implicit memories. B) The amygdala supports Freud's ideas about memory because they allow us to repress memories of trauma. C) The amygdala produces long-term potentiation in the brain. D) The amygdala helps make sure we remember events that trigger strong emotional responses. E) The amygdala is active when the retrieval of a long-term memory is primed.

The amygdala helps make sure we remember events that trigger strong emotional responses.

Which of the following is most likely to be stored as an implicit memory? A) a mental image of one's best friend B) the date of one's own birth C) the location of a store D) one's own name E) a conditioned fear of guns

a conditioned fear of guns

Employing the single word HOMES to remember the names of North America's five Great Lakes best illustrates the use of A) imagination inflation B) the serial position effect C) parallel processing D) implicit memory E) a mnemonic device

a mnemonic device

It is easier to remember "what sobriety conceals, alcohol reveals" than to recall "what sobriety conceals, alcohol unmasks." This best illustrates the value of A) the serial position effect B) acoustic encoding C) the spacing effect D) implicit memory E) long-term potentiation

acoustic encoding

Memories of emotional events are especially likely to be facilitated by activation of the A) amygdala B) hypothalamus C) sensory cortex D)motor cortex E) cerebellum

amygdala

When you hear familiar words in your native language, it is virtually impossible not to register the meanings of the words. This best illustrates the importance of A) a flashbulb memory B) automatic processing C) iconic memory D) the spacing effect E) deja vu

automatic processing

The "magical number seven, plus or minus two" refers to the A) ideal number of times to rehearse information in the first encoding session. B) number of seconds information stays in short-term memory with-out rehearsal. C) capacity of short-term memory. D) number of seconds information stays in echoic storage. E) number of years most long-term memories last.

capacity of short-term memory.

Combining individual letters into familiar words enables you to remember more of the letters in this sentence. This best illustrates the value of A) the spacing effect B) iconic memory C) the serial position effect D) chunking E) hierarchies

chunking

When someone provides his phone number to another person, he usually pauses after the area code and again after the next three numbers. This pattern underscores the importance of A) chunking B) the serial position effect C) semantic encoding D) auditory encoding E) automatic processing

chunking

You are least likely to remember more psychology in your psychology classroom than in other environments because A) mood congruence B) context effects C) state-dependency D) proactive interference E) retroactive interference

context effects

Mr. Nydam suffers amnesia and is unable to remember playing golf on a particular course. Yet the more he plays the course, the more his game improves. His experience illustrates the need to distinguish between A) short-term memory and long-term memory B) proactive interference and retroactive interference C) explicit memory and implicit memory D) recognition and recall E) blocking and transcience

explicit memory and implicit memory

Chemistry teachers almost always present elements within the context of the periodic table. The periodic table is useful because it is a(n) A) example of chunking B) hierarchy C) mnemonic device D) example of iconic storage E) massed rehearsal strategy

hierarchy

Having read a story once, certain amnesia victims will read it faster the second time, even though they can't recall having seen the story before. They have most likely suffered damage to the A) hippocampus B) cerebellum C) hypothalamus D) amygdala E) frontal lobe

hippocampus

The extensive rehearsal necessary to encode nonsense syllables best illustrates A) implicit memory B) the serial position effect C) rosy retrospection D) the spacing effect E) parallel processing

iconic memory

Mnemonic devices are least likely to be dependent upon A) imagery B) acronyms C) rhymes D) stories E) massed rehearsal

massed rehearsal

The surprising ease with which people form false memories best illustrates that the processes of encoding and retrieval involve A) implicit memory. B) automatic processing. C) long-term potentiation. D) memory construction. E) working memory.

memory construction

Mrs. McBride can't consciously recall how frequently she criticizes her children because it would be too anxiety-arousing to do so. Sigmund Freud would have suggested that her poor memory illustrates A) source amnesia B) proactive interference C) automatic processing D) mood-congruent memory E) repression

mood-congruent memory

Whenever Valerie experiences intense feelings of fear, she is overwhelmed with childhood memories of her abusive parents. Valerie's experience best illustrates A) repression. B) mood-congruent memory. C) retroactive interference. D) the misinformation effect. E) source amnesia.

mood-congruent memory

Hermann Ebbinghaus' forgetting curve indicates that A) most forgetting occurs early on then levels off B) we forget more rapidly as additional time passes C) forgetting is relatively constant over time D) forgetting is related to many factors, but time is not one of them E) we are more likely to forget items in the middle of a list than at the beginning or the end.

most forgetting occurs early on then levels off

Although Ron typically smokes two packs of cigarettes a day, he recalls smoking little more than a pack a day. This poor memory best illustrates A) the misinformation effect. B) motivated forgetting. C) the self-reference effect. D) the serial position effect. E) proactive interference.

motivated forgetting

All of the following kinds of information tend to be automatically processed except A) space information B) time information C) frequency information D) new information E) well-learned information

new information

To recall his early life experiences, Aaron formed vivid mental images of the various rooms in his childhood home. Aaron was applying the process of A) automatic processing. B) rosy retrospection. C) source misattribution. D) priming. E) relearning.

priming

During her evening Spanish language exam, Janica so easily remembers the French vocabulary she studied that morning that she finds it difficult to recall the Spanish vocabulary she rehearsed that afternoon. Her difficulty best illustrates A) the spacing effect B) proactive interference C) source amnesia D) retroactive interference E) context effects

proactive interference

A measure of your memory in which you need to pick the correctly learned answer from a displayed list of options is known as a measure of A) recall B) recognition C) reconstruction D) relearning E) priming

recognition

An understanding of the spacing effect provides insight into effective strategies for A) rehearsal B) chunking C) repression D) automatic processing E) mnemonics

rehearsal

Hermann Ebbinghaus is considered a pioneer in memory research because he established the importance of A) semantic encoding B) mnemonic devices C) rehearsal D) iconic storage E) long-term potentiation

rehearsal

The happier Judie is, the more readily she recalls experiences with former teachers who were warm and generous. This best illustrates that emotional states can be A) retrieval cues B) short-term memories C) sensory memories D) flashbulb memories E) iconic memories

retrieval cues

While taking the final exam in American history, Marie was surprised and frustrated by her momentary inability to remember the name of the first president of the United States. Her difficulty most clearly illustrates A) state-dependent memory. B) the serial position effect. C) the misinformation effect. D) retrieval failure. E) memory construction

retrieval failure

Although Jordan could not recall the exact words of a poem he had recently heard, he clearly remembered the meaning of the poem. This best illustrates the importance of A) semantic encoding B) mood-congruent memory C) the serial position effect D) implicit memory E) chunking

semantic encoding

Ebbinghaus observed that it is much easier to learn meaningful material than to learn nonsense material. This best illustrates the advantage of A) the peg-word system B) the spacing effect C) semantic encoding D) implicit memory E) echoic memory

semantic encoding

The basketball players could remember the main points of their coach's halftime talk, but not her exact words. This is because they encoded the information A) semantically B) acoustically C) visually D) shallowly e) automatically

semantically

After Maya gave her friend the password to a protected Web site, the friend was able to remember it only long enough to type it into the password box. In this instance, the password was clearly stored in her ________ memory. A) echoic B) short-term C) flashbulb D) implicit E) explicit

short-term

When you have to make a long-distance call, dialing an unfamiliar area code plus a seven-digit number, you are likely to have trouble retaining the just-looked-up number. This best illustrates the limited capacity of ________ memory. A) long-term B) implicit C) short-term D) explicit E) procedural

short-term

Recalling something that you had once merely imagined happening as something you had directly experienced best illustrates A) the spacing effect B) mood-congruent memory C) proactive interference D) source amnesia E) working memory

source amnesia

Several months after watching a science fiction movie about spaceship travel and alien abductions, Steve began to remember that he had been abducted by aliens and personally subjected to many of the horrors portrayed in the movie. His mistaken recall best illustrates A) implicit memory. B) the spacing effect. C) source amnesia. D) mood-congruent memory. E) iconic memory.

source amnesia

After Teresa was verbally threatened by someone in a passing car, she was asked whether she recognized the man who was driving the car. Several hours later, Teresa mistakenly recalled that the driver was a male rather than a female. Teresa's experience best illustrates A) implicit memory B) proactive interference C) the misinformation effect D) the serial position effect E) effortful processing

the misinformation effect

At a block party, Cyndi is introduced to eight new neighbors. Moments later, she remembers only the names of the first three and last two neighbors. Her experience illustrates A) source amnesia B) the misinformation effect C) implicit memory D) the serial position effect E) acoustic encoding

the serial position effect

Students who review previously learned course material at various times throughout a semester to pass the AP Psychology Exam are especially likely to demonstrate long-term retention of the course material. This best illustrates the value of A) the spacing effect B) implicit memory C) the serial position effect D) iconic memory E) effortful processing

the spacing effect

The peg-word system relies heavily on the use of A) implicit memory B) the spacing effect C) mood-congruent memory D) transcience E) visual endcoding

visual encoding