Psych Unit 3 Test

Caffeine and nicotine are in the same class as which of the following drugs?

cocaine (stimulant)

The primary effect of the myelin sheath is to

increase the velocity of conduction of the action potential along the axon

The person most strongly associated with identifying deficits in the motor speech area and in the ability to produce speech is:

Paul Broca

Which of the following allows for the examination of living brain tissue visually without performing surgery?

CT scan

The biological clock that operates in human beings to adjust their functioning to night-and-day periodicity is referred to as

Circadian rhythms

Which of the following descriptions accurately represents area 2 of the graph?

Depolarization

In the figure at the right, where does the neurotransmitter dopamine have its effect?

E- in postsynaptic neuron

A participant in a study of music perception listens to music with electrodes attached to her scalp while data is collected on the activity of her brain. This technique is called

EEG

Professor Janeja is studying which brain regions are involved in learning to correctly navigate a maze task. She randomly assigns half of a group of mice to get a lesion in one area of the brain. The other half does not get a lesion. Based on the following graph, where in the brain is the most likely site of the lesion?

Hippocampus

When people consume large amounts of alcohol, they are often unable to recall what they did and said while they were drinking. This occurs because alcohol interferes with the brain's ability to form new memories in the

Hippocampus

Which of the following statements concerning sleep is valid?

Individuals do not typically act out their dreams.

Which of the following provides information regarding brain function by monitoring the brain at work through metabolism of glucose?

PET scan

Which of the following is the correct sequence of the neural chain of events set in motion by an environmental stimulus?

Receptors, afferent neurons, interneurons, efferent neurons, effectors

Significant damage to which of the following parts of the brain will most likely cause a person to fall into a deep coma from which the person will be unable to awaken?

Reticular formation

The drugs that block the reabsorption of neurotransmitters in the synapse during neural transmission are:

SSRIs

Which of the following correctly pairs subdivisions within the major divisions of the human nervous system?

Somatic . . endocrine and exocrine

Which of the following systems is most likely responsible for an increase in heart rate during anxiety?

Sympathetic

A person will most likely develop aphasia as a result of damage to which of the following parts of the brain?

Wernicke's Area

Researchers looking to create a drug to reduce the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease would most likely focus their efforts on which of the following neurotransmitters?

acetylcholine

When a person is suffering from severe pain, the type of drug that will best help alleviate that pain is

an opiate

​​Curare blocks action at acetylcholine synapses and causes paralysis. This drug is an example of an

antagonist

Based on its effects on the central nervous system, alcohol can be classified as:

depressant

The autonomic nervous system is most directly involved in

digestion

Which of the following neurotransmitters is most closely associated with schizophrenia?

dopamine

The limbic system is most closely associated with:

emotions

A person with a severe head injury subsequently acts irresponsibly, does not seem to be able to plan effectively, and is easy to anger. Which of the following brain areas is most likely injured?

frontal lobe

The area of the brain stem that is important in controlling breathing is the

medulla

Beth received a hemispherectomy to treat a seizure disorder when she was two years old. However, by the time she was five years old, her cognitive abilities were the same as those of a neurotypical five year old. Which of the following best explains her abilities?

neuroplasticity

Dopamine, norepinephrine, and acetylcholine are all

neurotransmitters that excite or inhibit a neural signal across a synapse

The hypothesis that intelligence is in part inherited is best supported by the fact that the IQ correlation for

pairs of identical twins is greater than for pairs of fraternal twins

What is the primary function of the brain region indicated by the arrow?

pons??

A common psychological effect of alcohol intake is:

reduced inhibition

In the figure below left, a patient has been asked to draw a slash through each circle. The pattern of responses suggests that the patient has most likely experienced damage in which of the following areas?

right hemisphere

If an individual has lost the ability to feel pain in the left arm, there is most likely damage to what area of the brain?

right parietal lobe

During the night, Alicia stops breathing repeatedly, frequently gasps for air, and snores loudly at regular intervals. Alicia is most likely suffering from which of the following conditions?

sleep apnea

The division of the nervous system that most directly allows voluntary muscle movement is the:

somatic

What part of the brain at right is represented by A?

somatosensory cortex

An individual who drinks alcohol daily finds it necessary to drink increasing amounts to achieve the state of well-being attained in the past. This individual is showing

tolerance

Damage to a person's occipital lobe would most likely affect their...

vision