psych4

Damien likes to put all sorts of things, like bugs, dirt, and shoelaces, in his mouth. He also likes his toy train; however, he seems to lose interest in playing with the train whenever his brother hides it. Damien is most likely in the ________ stage of development.

sensorimotor

Wyatt has noticed some recent changes in his 10-month-old daughter, Cosette's, behavior. Ever since she started crawling a few weeks ago, she

shows signs of distress when Wyatt leaves her with a babysitt

Sharon is 60 and has experienced slowness of thought over the last year. She goes to her doctor to discuss why this is. Her doctor is most likely to tell her that slowed mental processes are a result of

shrinking frontal lobes.

Grant wants to do everything he can to keep his wife healthy during her pregnancy. He frequently gives her folic acid because he knows that this helps development of the ________ during the ________ period.

spine and brain; embryonic

Your friend Phia is one month pregnant. You tell her to eliminate any exposure to teratogens right now, because they could harm the embryo. When she asks what they could do to the embryo, you say that, right now, the teratogens could cause problems with

structural development of the baby's spine or brain.

Giovanni is having difficulty learning English. He keeps putting verbs at the end of sentences. For example, instead of saying "The dog ate the bone," he says, "The dog the bone ate." Giovanni is having trouble with

syntax.

In front of Chris, Tasha pours the same amount of water into both a short, fat glass and a tall, thin glass. She then asks Chris which glass has more water. If Chris is 10 years old, he is most likely to answer

that they have the same amount of water.

Ernst is jealous that several of his friends are going through puberty but he has not started yet. He eagerly keeps checking for signs that his body is changing. Ernst knows he should be experiencing all of the following EXCEPT

the development of a more rounded jaw.

Elaine travels around the world observing how children learn language. Elaine has written a book to relate her findings in which she discusses the fact that

the first words are used to identify objects or are simple action words

Dr. Osmond is a developmental psychologist who studies adulthood. Which of the following is he most likely to research?

the mental effects of stagnation

Over dinner one night, your little sister tells you how she is being picked on at school by two other students. Rowan has been calling her names during class for the past few weeks. Marty has been sending her offensive text messages and intimidating e-mails. Together, Rowan is engaging in ________ bullying and Marty is engaging in ________ bullying.

verbal; cyber

McKenzie is new at observing infant behavior in the strange-situation test and is uncertain how to assess baby Stephan's actions. If she guesses that he is securely attached, he most likely

was not afraid of strangers when his mother was in the room with him.

Evan is in preschool and uses overregularization when speaking. Which of the following is he most likely to say?

"He hitted me with a stick."

Jonathan has noticed that even though he lifts the same amount of weights each week, he is losing muscle mass and putting on a few extra pounds. Jonathan is most likely ________ years old.

. 35

Derek pretends to be a baker while playing in the sand. He forms five sand cookie balls, and then he forms a sixth but flattens it into a pancake. "Wow! This cookie is way bigger than the others!" he exclaims. This example best illustrates Derek's ________ development.

. cognitive

Amelia has been quite stressed lately and is very alarmed when she goes into labor at 30 weeks of gestation. Her baby has not finished the ________ period of prenatal development. It ________ live outside of the womb.

. fetal; can

Brian has three children with very different personality traits. Even with such different personality traits, Brian sees strong maturation effects. Which of the following has Brian most likely observed?

All three children learned to walk at about 12 months of age

John and Danielle want to get a stimulating mobile for their newborn son's crib. If they want him to see the objects, what should they attach to the strings?

Elaine travels around the world observing how children learn language. Elaine has written a book to relate her findings in which she discusses the fact that

Shayne works as a researcher conducting studies in developmental psychology. Which of the research questions is Shayne LEAST likely to address in his work?

How is auditory information processed in the brain?

Professor Chen wants to study the motivation for stealing. Which of the following colleagues should he consult?

Lawrence Kohlberg

Lila is not an alcoholic and never drinks to excess. However, she does have wine with dinner every evening. When Lila is two weeks pregnant, she asks you whether this can injure her baby. What correct response can you give her?

She should stop drinking wine completely until after the baby is born.

The president of the United States is debating about whether to start a war with country X. If the president is in the postconventional stage of moral reasoning, which of the following reasons would he most likely give for his decision?

We should declare war because our citizens' freedom is at stake.

Immediately after birth, Giada's son Maxwell was able to display the rooting reflex. Which of the following behaviors did Giada observe Maxwell doing?

When the corner of his mouth was stroked, Maxwell turned to search for food.

When Kate's grandma leans over the crib with a toy in her hand, eight-month-old Kate grasps it and pulls on it. When Kate's mom hangs a set of animals across the crib, Kate reaches up, grabs them, and pulls them down. Kate seems to be working on ________ for grasping and pulling.

a schema

Nora took her young son Alfred to the zoo, where he pointed to a zebra and said, "Look, Mommy, a horse!" Nora replied, "That is not a horse; that is a zebra. See, it has black and white stripes." Alfred then replied, "Wow! Look at the striped zebra!" In this situation, Henry's development of a zebra schema required

accommodation.

Baby George's mother leaves him sitting in the grocery cart as she goes around the corner searching for cake mix. George screams as she leaves, reaches for her when she returns, but then pushes her away. George's behavior is most consistent with a(n) ________ attachment style.

ambivalent

During the strange-situation test, Grady begins crying when his mom leaves the room. When his mom returns, Grady holds up his arms, asking to be picked up. However, when his mom picks him up, he pushes her away angrily. Grady's behavior is consistent with a(n) ________ attachment style.

ambivalent

Simon is learning about the alphabet. He learns the letter O because it is round. If Simon sees the letter C and thinks it is the letter O because it is round, ________ has occurred. If he sees the letter C and thinks it must be a different letter because it is NOT completely round, ________ has occurred.

assimilation; accommodation

Zandra's mother brings her 2-year-old daughter to a new dentist. Zandra's mother leaves the room and Zandra is momentarily alone with the dental hygienist, whom Zandra smiles at and plays with. When Zandra's mother returns, Zandra barely glances up and continues to play patty-cake with the dental hygienist. Zandra would most likely be classified as having a(n) ________ attachment.

avoidant

Robby is 11 months old and has begun making speech sounds like "baba" and "momo." On the other hand, 16-month-old Rebecca can produce two-word sentences like "Daddy eat" and "Mama give." Robby's speech is ________, whereas Rebecca's speech is ________.

babbling; telegraphic

Helen keeps her new baby boy well fed and clean. However, she does not want to spoil him, so she does not hold him or touch him too much. After reading about Harry Harlow's research, Helen now knows that

babies need to be touched and held to develop normally.

Your best friend had a baby two weeks ago. She is excited because the baby smiled at birth, and she believes that the smiling indicated attachment. You know the truth is that

babies typically do not show social smiles until four to six weeks of age

Marcia's baby is just starting to eat solid food, and like all babies, he prefers certain tastes. Which of the following mashed foods is the baby most likely to want to eat?

bananas

Kara explains to her roommate why Harry Harlow's experiments were so important to explaining an infant's socio-emotional development. Kara correctly says that his results demonstrate that

comforting touch is more important than food, particularly when an infant is stressed.

Phil has been having trouble remembering where he left his keys, glasses, and favorite book. Now he also forgets to brush his teeth, comb his hair, and put clothes on in the morning. Phil is most likely experiencing

dementia.

While he is in the waiting room at the doctor's office, Arthur tries to classify infants' attachment based on their behavior. He is certain that the baby girl is securely attached because she

explores the unfamiliar room and the objects in it while staying in view of her mother.

When his sister becomes pregnant, Tyrone learns the effect of teratogens, which include all of the following EXCEPT

folic acid.

Peggy's parents are amazed at how much their daughter has changed. Over the past year, she became interested in doing chemistry experiments. Peggy predicts what will happen when she combines two chemicals together and then observes the results to see whether her hypothesis was correct. Peggy is most likely in the ________ stage of cognitive development.

formal operational

Sally is playing outside with her brother Micah one day and wants to push him down when he takes her swing. Sally does not push Micah, however, because she predicts that she will be punished with no television privileges after dinner if she does. Sally is most likely in the ________ stage of development.

formal operational

0 out of 1 points Rachel is about to retire from her successful job as a high school teacher, has several grandchildren now in college, and is excited about picking up some hobbies with her newfound free time. Erikson would argue that Rachel is most likely experiencing

generativity.

Tanya looks back on her high school years with fondness because it was the first time she began to find others who dressed and acted like her and who held similar beliefs. Based on this information, Tanya recognizes how her identity was affected by

her clique.

Justin's mother believes that Justin, a nine-month-old, is still in Piaget's sensorimotor stage of cognitive development. To test this belief, which of the following could she try?

hide his favorite toy underneath a couch cushion and see whether he looks for it

Joe is nearing the end of his life. He reflects on his past, focusing on how he spent his whole life working long hours at his job. As a result, he is struggling with whether his life has been well lived. Joe is most likely experiencing the ________ stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development.

integrity versus despair

Adeline has been struggling with divorcing her husband for quite some time and is worried that she will never date again. Erikson would classify Adeline as most likely dealing with the psychosocial conflict of

intimacy versus isolation.

Nadia knows that a substance's quantity does not change, even when its form does. Based on this, Nadia is most likely ________ years old.

nine

Janice is learning about the alphabet and how to read, but she is struggling to make the s and z sounds. Janice is having difficulty with

phonemes.

Andy decides to help his friend with his homework because he thinks the friend will then "owe" him and will do something for Andy later on. According to Kohlberg, Andy is exhibiting ________ moral reasoning.

preconventional

A child is playing at the beach. She pours an equal amount of sand into both a short, fat container and a tall, thin container. When asked which container holds more sand, the child points to the tall, thin container. This response suggests that she is most likely in the ________ stage of cognitive development.

preoperational

Monique has noticed some hair growing on her armpits and that she is accumulating fat on her hips. These changes Monique is experiencing are most likely related to

puberty.

Research shows that marriage has psychosocial benefits for the couple. Research has found support for all of the following findings EXCEPT that

same-sex married couples show fewer of the benefits of marriage