PSYCH450 EXAM 1
what are characteristics of the Loris?
-baby parking
what is a tarsier?
-between monkey and tarsier -used to have a wider distribution
what are characteristics of gibbons?
-brachiation -monogamous
what are characteristics of the squirrel monkey?
-bug eating
what monkey-like features does the tarsier?
-diurnal ancestors -no tapetum yes fovea -single young -hemochorial
what is a generalized skeleton?
-double bone in limbs -clavicle -pentadactlyl
what are characteristics of aye-ayes?
-eats coconuts -changed number of teeth -third finger gets snacks -solitary -nocturnal -part of lemur group
what are characteristics of spider monkeys?
-eats fruits in canopy -wrap tail around branches
how old is the earth?
4.5 billion years old
who is included in the superfamily Lorisoidea?
galago, potto, loris
who are the only monogamous apes?
gibbons
what are the different types of apes?
gibbons, orangutans, gorillas, chimps, and the bonobo
what is phylogeny?
how closely related or distant animals are
where do howler monkeys live?
in canopy
where is the Proboscis monkey?
indonesia
what is a diurnal species on Madagascar?
large lemurs
who lost their vomernasal system?
lost in African and Asian monkeys
what class are primates in?
mammalia
who reverted back to claws?
marmosets and tamarins
which primates do not have tails?
monkeys have tails and apes do not
who are the suborder Anthropoidea more closely related to?
more closely related to humans and one another than to prosimii
who is the smallest of them all?
mouse lemur
who is included in the superfamily Lemuroida?
mouse lemur, ringtailed lemur, indri, aye aye
what is taxonomy?
naming of different animals
are there terrestrial monkeys in south america?
no
do apes have tails?
no
is the Tree Shrew a primate?
no
were there any primates during the Mesozoic?
no
where are aye-ayes?
northern Madagascar
who is Karen Strier?
works with Muriqui
do all primates have a placenta?
yes
do monkeys and apes have nails?
yes
when did humans come into existence?
Pilocene 7 million years ago
where does the slender loris live?
Sri Lanka
where are ring-tailed lemurs?
southern Madagascar
who is included in the superfamily tarsiodea?
tarsier
what primates went back into the night?
tarsier and owl monkey
what allowed mammals to prosper?
the extinction of dinosaurs
where did the story of primates begin?
the story began up north and moved further down
what is binomial nomenclature?
two parts of scientific name (genus and species)
what is the defining feature of prosimians?
wet outer nose/ rhinarium
what are characteristics that define a primate?
-highly developed brain -eye sockets in front of head -ball and socket joints -pentadacytyl -36 or 32 teeth
what are characteristics of Indri and Sifaka?
-largest on Madagascar -day active -social -fruit and leaves
what are some characteristics of the tarsier?
-no tapetum -foragers at night -spin head like owl -almost carnivorous
what are some characteristics of the Galago?
-nocturnal -solitary -bug eater -speedy -eyes brought forward -vertical clinging and leaping gives birth to 2-3 -baby parking
what are characteristics of the Potto?
-nocturnal -solitary -bug eater -slow -multiple babies -live in same forest as Galago so they can live in same forest
what are some characteristics of the mouse lemur?
-nocturnal -solitary forager -bug eating -similar to Galago
what prosimian-like features does the tarsier have?
-nocturnal -can see color -solitary/pair-living -grooming claw -multiple nipples -bicornuate uterus
what are characteristics of the owl monkey?
-nocturnal in Amazon
what are characteristics of prosimians?
-nocturnal where monkeys live -bug eaters -more like ancestor -smaller and less social -36 teeth -dental comb -seasonal breeders -rhinarium -epithliochorial placenta -grooming claw -leaping
what are characteristics of chimps and bonobos?
-omnivore -terrestrial -fission fusion community
what are characteristics of lemurs?
-one baby -rides on mom
what are some characteristics of the ring-tailed lemur?
-one baby at a time -color vision -day active -terrestrial -social -female dominant -scent marking behavior
what are some characteristics of the slender loris?
-slow -multiple babies
what are some characteristics of the Potto?
-slow -nocturnal -solitary -bug eater -live in same forest as galago because different diet -multiple babies
what are characteristics of gorilla gorilla?
-small social groups -vegetarian -terrestrial
what are characteristics of capuchins?
-smart -often pets -in movies
what are characteristics of the orangutan?
-solitary -frugivore
what is a characteristic of smaller prosimians?
-solitary foragers
where is the squirrel monkey?
-south america
what are characteristics of the savannah baboon?
-terrestrial
where is the rhesus macaque?
Asia but evolved in Africa
when did primates come into existence?
Cenozoic (Paleocene) 65 million years ago
where do Pottos live?
Centralish Africa
where are gibbons
Southeast Asia
what is zoonosis?
diseases that go between humans and primates
where is Madagascar do prosimians live?
along the coastline
where are new world monkeys from?
asia and africa
what killed off the dinosaurs?
asteroid impact 65 million years ago in the gulf of mexico
what does it mean to have a placenta?
baby grows inside for a period of time (pregnancy)
why did the sense of smell decrease?
because of the loss of the rhinarium
why do prosimians use scent marking behaviors?
because wet outer nose
what is a megaladapis?
big lemurs driven to extinction by humans
what do larger prosimians eat?
bugs and leaves
what do little ones prosimians eat?
bugs and sap
where do lemurs live?
coast of Madagascar
where is the cotton-top tamarin?
coastal south america
who is Carl Linnaeus?
created naming system for all animals
what is the purpose of bringing the eyes forward?
depth perception
what role did oxygen-generating cyanobacteria have?
oxidized iron on surface of earth making it a more hospitable environment
what is a strepsirrhine?
primate with a wet outer nose
what is a haplorrhine?
primate with dry outer nose
who is the vegetarian of the New World?
proboscis monkey
what are you looking at if you see glowing eyes?
prosimian
what is the Galago and where is it?
prosimian in Africa
what and where is a Slender Lorris?
prosimian in Asia related to the Potto
what and where is a Potto?
prosimian in Central Africa
who has a grooming claw?
prosimians and tarsier
which suborder is more like the ancestor?
prosimii
who is the smallest of them all?
pygmy marmoset
how did prosimians get to Madagascar?
rafted across Mozambeek from Africa
what is the tapetum?
reflective layer behind retina - helps see in dim light
what primate is the most widely distributed?
rhesus macaque
what primate is used the most in biomedical research?
rhesus macaque
what type of breeding on Madagascar?
seasonal breeding oriented to rainy season
where are old world monkeys from?
south america
where is the owl monkey?
south america
who can use their tails to wrap around a branch?
south american monkeys
where is the Loris?
south east asia
where is the orangutan?
southeast Asia