Psychoanalytic Psychology

Collective unconscious

In the psychology of Carl Jung, an area of the unconscious mind that all members of a society share, including instincts and religious feelings

Undoing (compensation)

In which a person tries to 'undo' an unhealthy, destructive or otherwise threatening thought or action by engaging in contrary behavior

Projection

Projection is when someone is threatened by or afraid of their own impulses so they attribute these impulses to someone else.

Animus

The animus represents the masculine psychological tendencies in the female unconscious.

Thanatos

death instinct According to Freud humans have a life instinct (eros) and a death instinct, called thanatos. This death instinct compels humans to engage in risky and destructive behaviors that could lead to death (remember, it is an instinct for personal death). Behaviors such as thrill seeking, aggression, and risk taking can be considered actions stemming from thanatos.

Iceberg theory of Consciousness

1. Top of Iceberg- Conscious Mind--- EGO(executive Mediator) 2. Middle of Iceberg- Preconscious--- Superego(internalized ideas) 3. Bottom- Unconscious Mind---Id(unconscious psychic energy)

Carl Jung

1875-1961; Field: Neo-Freudian, analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy, not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation

Regression

A return to a prior stage after a person has progressed through the various stages of development; caused by anxiety.

Dream Interpretation

A technique used in psychoanalysis in which the content of dreams is analyzed for disguised or symbolic wishes, meanings, and motivations.

Eros

According to Freud humans have a death instinct (thanatos) and a life instinct, called eros. This life instinct is important as it promotes behaviors that help us survive.

Rationalization

According to Freud when people are not able to deal with the reasons they behave in particular ways, they protect themselves by creating self-justifying explanations for their behaviors.

Unconscious

According to Freud, a reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories. According to contemporary psychologists, information processing of which we are unaware.

Sublimation

According to Freud, sublimation is a way in which people can deal with socially unacceptable impulses, feelings, and ideas in social acceptable ways.

Displacement

According to Freudian psychoanalytic theory, displacement is when a person shifts his/her impulses from an unacceptable target to a more acceptable or less threatening target.

Humor

Anything that causes laughter or amusement

Reaction Formation

Defense mechanism by which people behave in a way opposite to what their true but anxiety-provoking feelings would dictate.

Free Association

In psychoanalysis, a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how trivial or embarrassing.

Transference

In psychoanalysis, the patient's transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent).

Repression

In psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories from consciousness.

Defense Mechanisms

In psychoanalytic theory, the ego's protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality.

Denial

In which a person unconsciously rejects thoughts, feelings, needs, wishes, or external realities that they would not be able to deal with if they got into the conscious mind.

ID

Instinctual (pleasure oriental)

Superego

Internalized (morality from society)

Archetypes

Is a symbol, dream or image that all humans share, which express underlying fears or ideas we all experience.

EGO

Negotiator (reality principle)

Sigmund Freud

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) is known as the Father of Psychoanalysis, a method for treating psychological pathology by means of dialogue between the patient and the psychoanalyst. During psychoanalysis, the patient talks about whatever thoughts come to mind, a process called "free association." The patient is also encouraged to talk about his wishes, fears, and dreams. The role of the analyst is to help the patient gain access to the unconscious conflicts that lie at the root of the psychological problem, and help him gain insight that will lead to resolution.

Anima

The anima represents the feminine psychological tendencies in the male unconscious.

Conscious

The general state of being aware of and responsive to events in the environment, as well as one's own mental processes