Psychology 100 LC 7/8/9/10/11/12/13/14/15

_____ processing is the principle that information is often simultaneously processed on separate conscious and unconscious tracks.

Dual

_____ is NOT a psychoactive drug.

Ibuprofen

_____ disorder is characterized by continued drug craving and use despite significant life disruption or physical risk

Substance use

_____ is characterized by continued drug craving and use despite significant life disruption or physical risk.

Substance use disorder

_____ proposed that children learn by internalizing their culture's language and relying on internal speech.

Vygotsky

Which teenage girl do you think might be MOST at risk for drug abuse?

a 15-year-old girl who has a history of physical abuse and depression

One example of a depressant is:

alcohol

"Demanding, but responsive" is one way to summarize Baumrind's _____ parenting style.

authoritative

Compared with women, men tend to be less vulnerable to:

depression and anxiety

As compared with the average male, the average female lives:

five years longer

Women are more vulnerable to alcohol than men are because women:

lack an enzyme in their stomachs that helps metabolize alcohol

As compared with women, men think about sex _____ often and view _____ pornography.

more; more

Psychoactive drugs are substances that:

produce changes in thought, feeling, and behavior.

The refractory period begins during the _____ phase.

resolution

In those suffering from alcohol use disorder, prolonged and expressive drinking can:

shrink the brain

About 28 percent of traffic accidents occur when people are:

talking or texting on the phone

Thirteen-year-old Erin and her mother were in a car accident. Her mother was fine, but Erin had a cut on her forehead. When the attractive EMT came over to her, Erin would be MOST likely to say:

"Don't look at me. I must look terrible."

In a study described in the textbook, a male and a female each approached strangers of the other sex on a college campus. Approximately _____ percent of the women who were approached agreed to sleep with the male, and _____ percent of the men who were approached agreed to sleep with the female that night.

0; 70

In one survey of sixth graders in 22 U.S. states, _____ percent believed their friends had smoked marijuana while 4 percent acknowledged doing so.

14

In which of these decades would psychologists have been LEAST likely to claim a research interest in consciousness?

1930s

Which individual is matched with the correct stage of adult development?

57-year-old Jack—middle adulthood

Late adulthood begins at age:

65

Which statement regarding sleep and dreaming is true?

Older people sleep less than younger adults

_____ are agents (for example, chemicals and viruses) that can reach the embryo or fetus and do it harm.

Teratogens

Piaget used the term _____ to denote the ability to change one's mental frameworks on the basis of new information and experiences.

accommodation

Which term is MOST synonymous with consciousness as psychologists define it?

awareness

Maturation refers mainly to _____ development.

biological

The topic of maturation is MOST likely to arise in a conversation concerning _____ development.

biological

Dr. Brooks has a client who suffers from substance abuse. In therapy, she suggests that his abusive home environment, limited sense of life purpose, and deficient dopamine reward circuits might account for his abuse. Dr. Brooks is MOST clearly using a _____ approach to understanding addictive behaviors.

biopsychosocial

Jerome is a man who is sexually and romantically attracted to both men and women. Jerome is:

bisexual

Shasta is a woman who is sexually and romantically attracted to both men and women. Shasta is _____.

bisexual

Selective attention is illustrated by _____ blindness _____ blindness.

both inattentional; and change

Neuroscientists study consciousness and its connection to:

brain activity

During commencement, a parent sat waiting for her child's name to be called. She failed to realize that the person initially reading off the graduates' names left and that a new person is now reading. This scenario illustrates:

change blindness

Psychoactive drugs are:

chemicals that change mood and perception

Which psychoactive drug produces a quick and very powerful rush of euphoria?

cocaine

Crack is a form of _____ and is therefore a _____.

cocaine; stimulant

During the _____ stage of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, children begin to think logically about events, grasp analogies, and perform arithmetical operations.

concrete operational

Which state of consciousness occurs spontaneously?

daydreaming

An introductory psychology student expresses an interest in growth and change during childhood and adolescence. Which psychology course should the student consider taking next semester?

developmental psychology

Gary is a homosexual man. Gary MOST likely calls himself:

gay

Erik Erikson proposed that at the _____ versus _____ stage of life, people discover a sense of contributing to the world, usually through family and work, or else they may feel a lack of purpose.

generativity; stagnation

What do developmental psychologists seek to understand?

growth and change across a lifespan

Gabe goes to bed at his regular time, and as he begins to drift slowly off to sleep, he jumps up suddenly as he feels he is falling down the stairs. This is BEST explained by a _____ sensation.

hypnagogic

Teenagers work at refining and integrating a sense of self. In Erikson's terms, adolescence is defined by a search for:

identity

Aging results in a gradual decline in female fertility. For women _____, a single act of intercourse is half as likely to produce a pregnancy as it would for a 19- to 26-year-old woman.

in their thirties

After midlife, positive feelings _____, and negative feelings _____.

increase; decrease

Asexual people masturbate nearly as often as other people do.

less

_____ drugs are chemicals that change mood and perception.

psychoactive

Which sleep disorder affects mostly adults?

sleep apnea

Caffeine, methamphetamine, cocaine, and nicotine are classified as:

stimulants

Scientists have found that nicotine can be passed through the placenta. For the unborn children of mothers who smoke heavily, nicotine is a(n):

teratogen

A recent survey showed that approximately _____ of adults were very satisfied with their personal lives if they got sufficient sleep.

two-thirds

Alcohol _____ disorder entails alcohol use marked by tolerance, withdrawal, and a drive to continue problematic drinking.

use

Which option is NOT a withdrawal symptom associated with nicotine?

weight loss

Based on the textbook's discussion, which statement is true with respect to asexual people?

Asexual people masturbate nearly as often as other people do

Jasper stays up very late most Saturday nights. He finds Monday mornings very difficult because he often sleeps until noon on Sunday and has trouble going to sleep at a reasonable time on Sunday night. What advice would one give him to help with his Monday morning problem?

Jasper should try to maintain the same bedtime throughout the week

The importance of schemas was MOST clearly highlighted by _____ theory.

Jean Piaget's cognitive development

During adolescence, most individuals achieve _____'s cognitive stage of formal operations.

Piaget

Rather than just seeking pleasure and avoiding pain, consciousness helps one to:

act in one's long-term interests

With respect to states of consciousness, deep sleep is to drowsy wakefulness as _____ waves are to _____ waves

delta; alpha

In Jean Piaget's account of the sensorimotor stage, children acquire a:

sense of object permanence

Gabe's roommate fell asleep about 25 minutes ago. Now, Gabe needs to awaken him so they both can get to a party on time. His roommate is sleep talking about his girlfriend's cat. When Gabe begins laughing, his roommate wakes up. He was in NREM-_____ sleep.

2

Marcie is driving Adam to the airport. Adam is telling Marcie about some financial difficulties he is having. Periodically, he asks Marcie for her opinion. According to the textbook, attending to the conversation may decrease activity in the areas of Marcie's brain critical for safe driving by nearly _____ percent.

40

If someone gently wakes another who is in the REM stage of sleep, there is about a(n) _____ percent chance the person will report being in the middle of a dream.

80

In its graphic depiction of gender bias in the workplace, the textbook notes that men hold nearly _____ percent of the seats in the world's governing parliaments.

80

Left to their own devices, most adults would probably sleep _____ hours per night.

9

About _____ percent of both men and women say they have had sexual fantasies.

95

Which scenario is MOST relevant to the field of cognitive neuroscience?

A researcher can tell that Julie is looking at a telephone based on cortical activation patterns

According to the textbook, a study of 2035 married people found that couples who reported being in a deeply committed relationship before having sex also reported greater relationship satisfaction and stability. With respect to the research methods discussed in Chapter 1, this study is an example of:

A survey

Ariel is drinking a can of beer. Barry is smoking a cigarette. Cord is smoking a marijuana cigarette. Who is using a psychoactive drug?

Ariel, Barry, and Cord are all using psychoactive drugs

Allan is 34. Beryl is 50. Callie is 63. Which of these individuals is middle-aged?

Beryl and Callie

This drug became popular in the 1990s in nightclubs and all-night raves.

Ecstasy

The process of developing a sense of identity during adolescence was highlighted by _____ theory.

Erik Erikson's psychosocial development

Christy's 17-year-old nephew seems to take a lot of risks compared with his sister. How would an evolutionary psychologist explain the difference between Christy's niece and nephew?

Females are attracted to males who appear healthy and bold, which encourages males to behave this way.

_____ described adolescence as a time of "storm and stress."

G. Stanley Hall

Nadine hears a television talk show guest remark, "A baby's mother provides it with food, and that's the basis for attachment." Nadine immediately realizes that this statement is false because she is familiar with:

Harlow's work with monkeys.

To ensure he gets the most he can out of his cruise vacation, night after night Toby stays up late. He tries to sleep during the day, but his cabin is too noisy and he suffers from REM sleep deprivation. What can Toby expect to happen during his first several nights back home?

He will experience REM rebound

Marcia and Joseph are both 22 years old and have decided to go to a singles bar. Who is more likely to accept an offer for a casual one-night sexual encounter?

Joseph

_____ gave Stanford preschool children a choice between a marshmallow now and two later. He found that the children who were able to wait had higher completion rates and incomes and were less likely to experience addiction as an adult. He also found that this tendency to wait or not persisted even 40 years later.

Mischel

Gabe's roommate fell asleep about 25 minutes ago. Now, Gabe needs to awaken his roommate so they both can get to a party on time. His roommate is sleep talking about his girlfriend's cat. When Gabe begins laughing, his roommate wakes up. His roommate was MOST likely in _____ sleep.

NREM-2

If one studies through the night and does not sleep to prepare for an exam, how is this likely to affect one's ability to remember material the next day during the exam?

One will remember less than if one slept

The importance of schemas was MOST clearly highlighted by _____ and his cognitive development theory.

Piaget

Alcohol consumption disrupts the processing of recent experiences into long-term memory by decreasing the amount of time spent in _____ sleep.

REM

If one gently wakes someone who is in _____ sleep, there is about an 80 percent chance the person will report being in the middle of an interesting dream.

REM

Kendra is a 20-month-old baby who is still crawling. She has not started to walk yet. What would her pediatrician likely say to her mother?

This is actually rare as most babies are walking by the time they are 15 months of age.

The unusual convergence of several space-time anomalies lands Wundt, James, Watson, and Skinner at the May 2018 conference of the Association for Psychological Science in San Francisco, CA. Noticing the current emphasis on consciousness in psychology, _____ would be _____.

Wundt; gratified

The sleep-wake cycle provides an example of:

a circadian rhythm.

Raina is 25 and happily married. However, she has been feeling much less interested in sexual activities since having her ovaries removed. Which factor might be causing this?

a drop in her testosterone level

Which effect is NOT associated with stimulants?

a drop in respiration

Karen is 13 years old. She is in the middle of puberty. Kayla is in a stage of development called _____.

adolescence

With respect to states of consciousness, beta waves are to delta waves as _____ is to _____

alert wakefulness; deep sleep

An individual who does not feel sexually attracted to other people is _____.

asexual

Ashlee is sexually attracted to neither men nor women. She is:

asexual

Psychologists considered the study of consciousness important:

at the beginning of the discipline's history, as well as since about 1960

Sharon's father demands total obedience from his children. When he speaks, he expects his children to listen. There is no discussion and no arguing. He has zero tolerance for anyone breaking the rules he has decreed. Sharon's father has a(n) _____ parenting style.

authoritarian

Luca's parents set firm rules but are responsive to his needs. They give him a chance to explain himself, and also explain their position on why they cannot allow him to stay out past midnight. Luca's parents have a(n) _____ parenting style.

authoritative

Nembutal, Seconal, and Amytal are sometimes prescribed to induce sleep and reduce anxiety. They belong to a class of medications called:

barbiturates

The Swiss scholar Jean Piaget made groundbreaking contributions to the study of _____ development.

cognitive

Dr. Maida examines the brain activity that accompanies mathematical problem solving. Dr. Maida is BEST described as a(n):

cognitive neuroscientist

Awareness of oneself and of one's environment is called:

consciousness

Two sealed, pyramid-shaped containers contain what are clearly identical amounts of a liquid. However, a child suddenly judges them as holding different amounts of liquid after one container is inverted. The child apparently lacks a concept of _____.

conservation

Alcohol consumption disrupts the processing of recent experiences into long-term memory by:

decreasing the amount of time spent in REM sleep

Alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates calm neural activity and slow body functions. To which category of psychoactive drugs do they belong?

depressants

Alcohol initially produces feelings of euphoria, talkativeness, and outgoing behavior because it:

depresses activity in the brain regions involved with self-control and judgment, lowering inhibitions.

Improved judgment, impulse control, and the ability to plan for the future develop during the late teens and early twenties, largely as a result of:

development of the frontal lobe and its connections with other parts of the brain

Marjorie has just completed an introductory course in psychology at a local community college. She would like to take another psychology course next semester. The college offers courses in developmental psychology, social psychology, personality psychology, and industrial-organizational psychology. Marjorie is especially interested in change and growth across the life span. Based on this information, Marjorie should consider the course in _____ psychology.

developmental

Research on how people change physically, mentally, and socially across the life span is MOST often conducted by _____ psychologists.

developmental

The study of continuity and change over the life span is the subject of the field of _____ psychology.

developmental

Danielle is consulting her college's course catalog. The description of one psychology course begins, "This course surveys growth and change across the life span in physical, cognitive, and social domains." This course is MOST likely:

developmental psychology

Deirdre is a fussy baby. She does not seem to eat or sleep on a fixed schedule. She is extremely active, and she gets upset easily. Deirdre likely has a(n) _____ temperament.

difficult

In the short term, alcohol might appear to be a stimulant. However, this is only due to the _____ properties of alcohol.

disinhibiting

Alcohol may act as a _____, which slows down brain activity of the areas that control judgment and inhibitions.

disinhibitor

Methamphetamines trigger the release of the neurotransmitter _____, which stimulates the brain to enhance energy and mood.

dopamine

When Marcia goes into the bedroom to check on the child she is babysitting, she observes that his eyes are rapidly moving back and forth under his eyelids. The child is also lying very still. It is likely that he is:

dreaming

Neuroadaptation is MOST likely to contribute to which of these?

drug tolerance

Compared to a century ago, menarche now occurs _____ in life and adult independence begins _____ in life.

earlier; later

The correct order of prenatal development is zygote, _____, and fetus.

embryo

According to the textbook, love _____ sexual satisfaction.

enhances

Dr. Destri argues that sleep functions to conserve energy during periods in which hunting and gathering would be dangerous or unproductive. Dr. Destri's views reflect the _____ perspective in psychology.

evolutionary

College students who get insufficient sleep are NOT likely to experience:

excess energy

During the _____ phase, a woman's genital area becomes engorged with blood, her vagina expands and secretes lubricant, and her breasts and nipples may enlarge.

excitement

In the _____ phase of the human sexual response cycle, the penis becomes erect, and the clitoris swells.

excitement

Sasha's genital area has become engorged with blood. Her vagina expands and secretes lubricant, as her breasts and nipples enlarge from her boyfriend's caresses. She is in the _____ phase of the sexual response cycle.

excitement

In one study described in the textbook, infants with difficult temperaments were randomly assigned to either a condition in which their mothers received sensitivity training or a condition in which their mothers received no training. In this study, infants whose mothers received sensitivity training were in the _____ group.

experimental

The MOST immediate and direct function of the rooting reflex is the facilitation of:

feeding

Malcolm was contemplating dropping out of high school when he was asked to enroll in a volunteer program. Every week he worked in a local day-care center, helping children with their projects. The children appreciated his help. After a few months, it is MOST likely that Malcolm will:

feel better about himself and not drop out

Evolutionary psychologists believe that men in almost all cultures are attracted to women based on youthful physical characteristics that denote:

fertility and good health

Abigail is disgusted at the album cover for a rapper's new album. The cover displays the rapper in a pose showing off her backside, wearing nothing but a G-string. Abigail believes that this is a sexualized portrayal of the rapper and believes that young girls who are fans will see this form of self-objectification as acceptable. Abigail has decided to boycott anything that is from the rapper. Abigail has entered the _____ stage of development.

formal operational

During adolescence, most individuals achieve Jean Piaget's _____ stage of cognitive development.

formal operational

Between the ages of 3 and 6 years, the number of neural connections increases MOST dramatically in the _____ lobe.

frontal

Children start to gain control over their attention beginning in preschool. This control is related to a growth spurt in the _____ lobe.

frontal

During adolescence, brain development proceeds relatively slowly in the _____ lobe, a region involved in self-regulation.

frontal

Marcia is 48. She has the intense desire to create a mentoring program at her company. According to Erik Erikson, she is likely experiencing:

generativity

Olivia is 46. She has the intense desire to create a mentoring program at her company. According to Erik Erikson, she is likely experiencing _____.

generativity

Research has shown that among American couples that live together before marriage, there are:

higher rates of divorce

Doris is a woman who calls herself a lesbian. Doris is:

homosexual

Yuko is a woman who is sexually and romantically attracted to other women. Yuko is:

homosexual

Karly intently watches the live tennis match and does not realize that a bird has landed on the adjacent empty seat next to her. Her inability to notice the bird can be explained by:

inattentional blindness.

Corey is trying to cut back on his consumption of caffeinated beverages. He will NOT experience:

increased energy

Sleep deprivation may encourage the development of obesity because it _____ levels of the hormone ghrelin and _____ levels of the hormone leptin.

increases; decreases

Wilbur is 68 years old and is sitting in his recliner reflecting on the mistakes he made in his life as well as the dreams that went unfulfilled. According to Erik Erikson, Wilbur is in the stage of development called _____ versus despair.

integrity

Madison has a job, a cat named Morris, and 32 candles on her birthday cake. She is worried about finding the right man. She frequently spends nights alone and knows she is not getting any younger. According to Erik Erikson, Madison is in the stage of development called _____ versus isolation.

intimacy

Erik Erikson proposed that at the _____ versus _____ stage of life, people struggle to form close relationships and to gain the capacity for adult romantic love.

intimacy; isolation

Matthew tries to finish the day's most important business by 1 in the afternoon. before his brain runs down. His graduate student Meghna claims that her brain comes alive at 10 at night. Matthew may be described as a(n) _____, whereas Meghna is better called a(n) ______.

lark; owl

If professional baseball players are a valid indication, one's physical peak occurs in one's:

late twenties.

Evolutionary psychologists attribute gender differences in sexuality to the fact that women have _____ than men.

lower total reproductive potential

Felicia remembers a dream in which a car was parked in front of her house and a man with a baseball bat kept getting in and out of the car. According to Sigmund Freud's theory, the specific dream details that Felicia remembers is called the _____ content.

manifest

Due to its lingering effects, _____ does NOT follow the same tolerance path as many of the other known drugs.

marijuana

Like infants all over the world, Jonah could sit before he could stand, and stand before he could walk. This orderly sequence of motor milestones reflects:

maturation

The orderly sequence of biological growth is called:

maturation

_____ is the orderly sequence of biological growth.

maturation

A manufacturing company installs bright lights in a plant in which many employees work the 11 P.M. to 7 A.M. shift. The lights simulate morning sun, helping the suprachiasmatic nucleus to reduce the production of the sleep-inducing hormone called:

melatonin

The finding that men are usually more likely than women to initiate sexual activity applies to:

men in nearly all cultures

The first menstrual period in girls in the United States occurs usually within a year of age 12, and it is known as:

menarche.

Carole has stopped ovulating and is now incapable of reproduction. Carole has experienced:

menopause

A 47-year-old male is in a life stage known as _____ adulthood.

middle

Bernice is 62. She is in a life stage known as _____ adulthood.

middle

Research on addictive drugs MOST clearly indicates that:

most of America's ex-smokers were able to kick the habit on their own

Susan has been prescribed medication to keep her awake and less likely to fall asleep behind the wheel of her car. She MOST likely suffers from:

narcolepsy

Sex is to _____ as gender is to _____.

nature; nature and nurture

A researcher develops a self-report questionnaire assessing "morningness." High scores indicate the tendency toward being a lark, or morning person, whereas low scores indicate the tendency toward being a night owl. Based on the textbook's discussion, the researcher should find a _____ correlation between scores on this measure and scores on a measure of the Big Five trait of openness, and a ______ correlation between scores on this measure and scores on a measure of the Big Five trait of conscientiousness.

negative; positive

Holden is a single man. At a party, he meets Will, an attractive man, and Kandace, an attractive woman. All else being equal, Holden is MOST likely to be sexually and romantically interested in _____ because he is _____.

neither Will nor Kandace; asexual

Five-year-old Ling is beginning to show signs of being able to plan ahead in a somewhat rational manner. At her age, this development is likely due to:

neural networks sprouting in her frontal lobes

Physical exercise in adulthood encourages the birth of new neurons in areas responsible for learning and memory. MOST specifically, therefore, exercise facilitates _____ in the _____.

neurogenesis; hippocampus

While newborns sleep nearly two-thirds of their day, most adults sleep no more than:

one-third

A reduction in anxiety, pupil constriction, slower respiration, and feelings of lethargy are associated with:

opiates

A person's enduring sexual attraction toward members of their own sex or opposite sex is called their sexual _____.

orientation

For most adolescents, the MOST important people in their lives are their:

peers

Masters and Johnson's groundbreaking human sexual response research was based on:

physiological measurement

The level of commitment in a relationship before the relationship becomes sexual is _____ correlated with relationship satisfaction later on.

positively

Mark believes that choosing to violate government laws is morally justifiable if it is done to protect the lives of innocent people. Lawrence Kohlberg would suggest that this illustrates _____ morality.

postconventional

Jarrell thinks he should obey his teachers only if they are carefully watching him. Lawrence Kohlberg would suggest that Jarrell demonstrates a(n) _____ morality.

preconventional

Marijuana is a hard drug to classify because it:

produces a mixture of effects

Caffeine and nicotine are both _____ drugs.

psychoactive

Chemicals that change perceptions and moods through their actions at the neural synapses are referred to as _____ drugs.

psychoactive

Substances that produce changes in perception, emotion, thinking, or behavior are called _____ drugs.

psychoactive

Consciousness is considered an important topic of study by:

psychologists of the cognitive perspective, but not by those of the behaviorist perspective

When an infant gazes more intently at a new stimulus, researchers conclude that the infant recognizes that stimulus as different. It follows that the infant has:

remembered the original stimulus, making the new stimulus seem different

If one gently wakes someone whose eyes are closed but darting around, there is about an 80 percent chance the person will:

report she was in the midst of an interesting dream

During which phase of the sexual response cycle does the refractory period begin?

resolution

A _____ is a set of expectations associated with a particular social position.

role

Two generations ago, men in the United States were expected to initiate dates and women to select wedding gifts. This BEST illustrates aspects of gender:

roles

To study the sexual response of men and women in general, William Masters and Virginia Johnson studied 312 men and 382 women. These participants are called a(n):

sample

Vygotsky used the term _____ to refer to a framework offering children temporary support as they develop higher levels of thinking.

scaffold

According to social learning theory, people learn social _____ that specify how to act and what to expect in particular social situations, such as in hook-ups or one-night stands.

scripts

Change blindness, inattentional blindness, and cocktail party effect all illustrate _____ attention.

selective

Drivers detect traffic signals more slowly if they are also conversing on a cell phone. This BEST illustrates the impact of:

selective attention

Gerri ignores the sound of the television to focus on a telephone conversation. Gerri's experience BEST illustrates:

selective attention

In Piaget's theory, grasping the notion of object permanence marks the transition from the _____ stage to the _____ stage.

sensorimotor; preoperational

Pierre has always been a chronic snorer, much to the dismay of his wife Hazel. For the last three months, he has been waking up in the middle of the night gasping for air. He MOST likely suffers from a sleep disorder called _____.

sleep apnea

Makayla is a young White girl who lives in Miami, Florida. Makayla is very aware of her minority status. Her _____ has formed around her uniqueness to the area.

social identity

Based on the textbook's introductory discussion of adolescence, the teen years are LEAST likely to be described as a period of:

stability

Unlike depressants, which decrease brain activity, drugs called _____ increase brain activity.

stimulants

Beginning at around 8 months of age, infants may become fearful around unfamiliar people. This is called _____ anxiety.

stranger

The removal of a woman's ovaries may contribute to decreasing sexual interest because her natural _____ level is lowered.

testosterone

The removal of a woman's ovaries may contribute to decreasing sexual interest because her natural _____ level is _____.

testosterone; lowered

The feelings of euphoria associated with cocaine usage continue until:

the brain's supply of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine drops off

Romina is at a large event with lots of music and conversations going on simultaneously. While talking to a friend about her latest romantic breakup, Romina hears her name spoken from the other side of the room. Romina immediately looks in the direction of the voice and sees the person who spoke her name. This ability to detect one's name being spoken in this situation is an example of:

the cocktail party effect

As drug users experience neuroadaptation, they demonstrate signs of:

tolerance

Benny enjoys the feelings created by drinking alcohol. However, over the last several years he has noticed that it takes more and more alcohol to create the desired effects. MOST specifically, Benny's experience illustrates the phenomenon of:

tolerance

Jason smokes crack cocaine. When he first started using, he used to get high using a small amount but now he finds he needs to smoke more and more to get the same high. This is an example of:

tolerance

Through continued usage, an individual's brain may adapt to compensate for the effects of a drug. This adaptation is called:

tolerance

Erik Erikson proposed that at each stage of life people face a psychosocial task that needs resolution. The first task that infants wrestle with is _____ versus _____.

trust; mistrust

Puberty is a time:

when one is maturing sexually

The experience of physical pain following discontinued use of a psychoactive drug BEST illustrates _____.

withdrawal

The experience of physical pain following discontinued use of a psychoactive drug BEST illustrates:

withdrawal