Psychology 3

Theodore has an explanatory style that emphasizes that external, the unstable, and the specific. He makes a mistake at work that causes his boss to become very angry. Which statement is Theodore most likely to make himself?

" I was just distracted by the noise outside"

Four people have been obese for as long as they can remember. Their doctors tell all of them that their obesity is putting them at risk for several illnesses. Who is most likely to go to the gym, go on a diet or get in shape?

Al, whose explanatory style includes an internal locus of control

According to Freud, how do we feel when painful memories or unacceptable urges threaten to break into consciousness?

Anxious

What happens if a hypnotized person who expects to smell cologne but actually smells ammonia?

He interprets the ammonia small as a musky cologne

What are Fruedian slips thought to reveal?

How we really feel

sigmund Freud is to the unconscious as __________ is to discovered memories

Jonathon Schooler

Which theorist is best known for posting a hierarchy of needs that humans strive to meet?

Maslow

what kinds of emotions tend to be involved in romantic love?

a mixture of positive and negative emotions that are intense

Pictures of happy american workers are shown to US college students and to italian workers. Based on your research of Paul Ekmans research, what would you predict about how well the groups would identify the emotions?

both groups will identify the emotions correctly

In the program, the part of the brain that is identified as the "interior decorator" imposing order on experience is the...

cerebal cortex

Which part of the brain is responsible for conscious awareness?

cerebral cortex

Wolves and squirrels are most likely to show which of the following in their mating patterns?

competition by males for females

Charles Darwin cited the similarity of certain expressions of emotions as evidence that

emotions are innate

Sigmund Freud thought that there were two motivations. One of these is...

expressing aggression

Consciousness performs all of the following functions, except

guiding performance of highly routinized actions

which of the following is an example of a circadian rhythm?

having systematic changes in hormone levels during 24 hours

What other outcome will a pessimistic explanatory style likely affect, according to seligram?

health

Which topic related to human consciousness is conveyed by the story of Dr. Jekyll and Mr.Hyde?

identity transformation

Gail is a toddler who is gradually separating from her mother. This process is called--

individuation

Ernest Hartmann points out the logic behind Shakespeares description of sleep. According to Hartmann, a major function of sleep is that it allows the brain to

integrate the days previous events with previously learned material

All the following appear to fluctuate based on circadian rhythm except

intelligence

what is a positive function of daydreaming?

it enables us to be mentally active when we are bored

How normal is it to experience alternate states of consciousness

it is something we all experience every day

what is the general term for all the physical and psychological processes that start behavior, maintain it, and stop it?

motivation

compared with freuds view of human motivation, that the abraham maslow could be characterized being more_____

optimistic

all of the following are possible origins of a pessimistic explanatory style except...

our level of introversion/extraversion

Phoebe has a phobia regarding cats. What is her motivation?

overwhelming fear

according to the principles of behavioral confirmation, what reaction do people generally have to a person who is depressed?

people regard the person as inadequate

what was referred to in the film as a type of psychological genocide?

prejudice

What occurs about every 90 minutes throughout sleep?

rapid eye movement, rapid irregular changes in the brain activity, and dreaming

instances in which people believe they have remembered long forgotten traumatic events are known as

recovered memories

According to Freud normal people banish undesirable memories from their conscious minds through...

repression

according to freud, dreams are significant because they ...

reveal unconscious fears and desires

Behaviors, such as male peacocks displaying their feathers or male rams fighting, related to which part of sexual reproduction?

selecting a partner with good genes

In Freudian theory the part of the person that acts as a police officer restraining drives and passions is called the--

superego

Although motivation can lead to unpleasant states, it seems to have evolved because of its benefits to...

survival, health, and propagation of the species

Why does Martin Seligman believe that it might be appropriate to help children who develop a pessimistic explanatory style?

the children are at risk for depression

Communication between the two hemispheres of the brain is disrupted when...

the corpus callosum is severed

According to McCarley and Hobson, what is true about REM sleep?

the random burst of brain activity occurs first, followed by the dreamers attempt to make sense of it

What name did William James give to the part of the self that focuses on the images we create in the mind of others?

the social self

When societies around the world were studied, what proportion of them practiced some culturally patterned form of altering consciousness?

the vast majority

What has Robert Plutchik argued about emotions?

there are 8 basic emotions, consisting of four pairs of opposites

In Norman Adlers research on mating behavior in rats, what is the function of the ten or so mountings?

to trigger hormone production and uterine contractions in the female

which of the following behaviors signal low status transaction?

touching ones face or hair

in albert banduras research,people were given a task of improving production at a model furniture factor. They performed their best when they believed that ng an acquirable skill performance --

was based on learning and acquirable skill

Which statement reflects the humanistic view of the self according to Carl Rogers?

we have a capacity for self direction and self understanding

what is the relevance of schemas to the self?

we organize our beliefs about ourselves in terms of schemas

what is the role of the pleasure pain principle in motivation?

we seek pleasure and avoid pain

when we characterize self image as a schema, we mean that--

we use it to organize information about ourselves

which activity most clearly involves a "re-framing" of the tension between desire and restraint?

working long hours for an eventual goal