psychology ch 9 quiz

Which of the following would be the behavior of a person who has a need for power? a. Jay is in a middle-management role within his company. Whenever he has a task to complete with his team, he dominates the group and demands that his ideas be used. He dreams of being the CEO of the company one day. b. Alex is a straight-A student and just moved with her family to a new school. In a group project in English class, she has noticed many errors in the group's paper, but she doesn't mention these errors to her group because she wants to make friends and doesn't want to hurt their feelings. c. Phil is training for his 5th ironman competition because he wasn't happy with his final time in the ironman competitions he had completed in previously. d. Nicky constantly worries about whether she will be invited to her friends' gatherings and is frequently on the phone or texting friends when she has free time.

a. Jay is a middle-management role within his company. Whenever he has a task to complete with his team, he dominates the group and demands that his ideas be used. He dreams of being the CEO of the company one day

Who originally proposed the 18 instincts for humans? a. William McDougall b. David McClelland c. Charles Darwin d. Sigmund Freud

a. William McDougall

______________ proposed a total of 18 instincts that drive human behavior. a. William McDougall b. Charles Darwin c. Sigmund Freud d. David C. McClelland

a. William McDougall

"I am excited because my heart is racing." This statement would be best supported by which of the following theories of emotion? a. cognitive arousal b. common sense c. James-Lange d. Cannon-Bard

a. cognitive arousal

A(n) __________ is a requirement of some material, such as food or water, that is essential for survival of the organism. a. need b. drive c. primary drive d. instinct

a. need

The condition in which the body weight of a person is 20-30 percent over the ideal body weight for that person's height is known as: a. obesity. b. anorexia nervosa. c. an eating disorder. d. bulimia nervosa.

a. obesity

While walking down the street, Preeti sees a large, snarling dog standing on the sidewalk. She immediately appraises the situation as dangerous, experiences fear, and becomes aroused. Preeti's response to the dog is best explained by: a. Schachter and Singer's cognitive arousal theory. b. Lazarus's cognitive-mediational theory. c. the Cannon-Bard theory. d. the James-Lange theory.

b. Lazarus's cognitive-meditional theory

A psychological tension and physical arousal present when there is a need that motivates the organism to act in order to fulfill the need and reduce the tension is a(n): a. need. b. drive. c. instinct. d. stimulus.

b. drive

Which of the following is an example of behavior from a person who is a sensation seeker? a. Cam is taking his family to a new restaurant he's never been to before. He prints a map from Google Maps(™) and driving directions from MapQuest(™), just to be sure they don't get lost on the way. b. On a beautiful day, Dylan impulsively decides to skip school and go hiking. c. On a beautiful day, Alex daydreams of going hiking, but she remembers that she has a test in science class, so she goes to school because she knows it is the right thing to do. d. Manny has been planning for his family's vacation to Disney World for months. He's read all the travel books, knows the monorail schedule, and has packed clothes to be prepared for any kind of weather.

b. on a beautiful day, Dylan impulsively decides to skip school and go hiking

The role of the ventromedial hypothalamus may be to: a. release the hormone leptin when blood sugar levels are stabilized. b. stop the eating response when glucose levels go up. c. regulate the basal metabolic rate to control weight set point. d. influence the onset of eating when insulin levels go up.

b. stop the eating response when glucose levels go up

Which of the following is NOT a criticism of Maslow's hierarchy? a. Maslow based his research on personal observation rather than empirical research. b. Scientists throughout history have been known to deny their own physical needs while achieving self-actualization through their great works. c. Maslow's idea that people can move up and down the hierarchy as frequently as every hour is actually impossible. d. Maslow's research is based mostly on Americans, and the hierarchy would change according to cross-cultural differences in other countries.

c. Maslow's idea that people can move up and down the hierarch as frequently as every hour is actually impossible

People driven by the need for ___________ have a strong desire to attain both realistic goals and very challenging ones. a. affiliation b. power c. achievement d. acquisition

c. achievement

The rate at which the body burns energy while resting is the: a. weight set point. b. metabolism. c. basal metabolic rate. d. body mass index.

c. basal metabolic rate

According to the work of Ekman and Friesen, which of the following is one of the seven universally recognized facial expressions of emotion? a. pride b. confusion c. disgust d. uncertainty

c. disgust

According to Carol Dweck's research, people who believe that their lives are controlled by others more powerful than them, or who believe in luck or fate, are considered to be: a. internal in locus of control. b. externally motivated. c. external in locus of control. d. internally motivated.

c. external in locus of control

Whenever Ferrell feels sad, his mother says to him, "Smile. It'll make you feel much better." In this particular situation, Ferrell's mother appears to agree with the ________. a.common sense theory b. cognitive arousal theory c. facial feedback hypothesis d. cognitive-mediational theory

c. facial feedback hypothesis

Luke goes for a 3-mile run, causing him to sweat and become thirsty. In response to this need, Luke drinks a bottle of water. When he drinks, he restores his body's: a. affiliation. b. motivation. c. homeostasis. d. arousal

c. homeostasis

A gymnast can complete a trick on the balance beam consistently without falling in practice. However, during competition the gymnast becomes nervous, causing her to bobble and fall. According to the Yerkes-Dodson law, what is the problem? a. The gymnast's stimulus motive is practice, not competition. b. The gymnast is not extrinsically motivated by winning. c. The gymnast's arousal level is too high. d. The gymnast's level of arousal is too low.

c. the gymnast's arousal level is too high

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a person who is high in the need for power (nPow)? a. They wear expensive clothes. b. They view achievement as success because of how much money is made, not because of the achievement itself. c. They tend to be a good team player. d. They want their ideas to be used, whether or not their ideas will lead to success.

c. they tend to be a good team player

A criticism of Maslow's hierarchy is that it was developed using only Americans. In which country's culture would security needs be much stronger than self-actualization needs? a. Norway b. Switzerland c. Sweden d. Japan

d. Japan

Which of the following is NOT an example of the Yerkes-Dodson law? a. A student who is bored in class may fail a test because arousal is too low. b. A student who normally talks to friends one-on-one quite comfortably, experiences stage fright when giving a speech to the class. c. A student who has severe test anxiety may fail a test because arousal is too high. d. A student's high performance in the classroom is based on parents and teachers giving the correct form of praise.

d. a student's high performance in the classroom is based on parents and teachers giving the correct form of praise

Which of the following instincts is responsible for our reaction to run away if we sense danger? a. pugnacity b. curiosity c. acquisition d. flight

d. flight

Insulin and glucagon are hormones secreted by the ___________ to control the levels of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins in the whole body. a. liver b. stomach c. pituitary gland d. pancreas

d. pancreas

Claire is intrinsically motivated to play tennis. Why does she play? a. She enjoys winning the prize money from her league's annual tournament every year. b. She enjoys winning the league trophy to display in her office. c. The tennis club enters her name into a raffle to win a new outfit from the tennis boutique every time she comes to practice. d. She enjoys the exercise and the game because playing is enjoyable and rewarding to her.

d. she enjoys the exercise and the game because playing is enjoyable and rewarding to her

According to the James-Lange theory of emotion, a physiological response to a stimulus is caused by the arousal of the: a. hypothalamus. b. somatic nervous system. c. parasympathetic nervous system. d. sympathetic nervous system.

not b