Psychology Chapter 1

Watson and Skinner had one objective in common treatment of disorders. acquisition of behavior through conditioning/reinforcement. use of mental imagery. discovery of unconscious conflicts.

acquisition of behavior through conditioning/reinforcement.

The measured outcomes or results in an experiment are called independent variables. dependent variables. treatments. controls.

dependent variables.

A _______ is a segment of a population that is targeted for study. sample team group all of these

sample

The issues of ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status are the concerns of the __________ perspective. sociocultural psychoanalytic humanistic-existential social-cognitive

sociocultural

Dr. Huss is contracted to work with the FBI to determine the characteristics of an individual who might be likely to commit acts of terrorism. Dr. Huss is most likely which type of psychologist? Investigative Forensic Clinical Police

Forensic

A school psychologist who advises teachers on how to establish classroom discipline is applying which of the following goals of psychology? Prediction Explanation Control Description

Explanation

Dr. Grote is interested in assessing the driving reaction times of the elderly for the purpose of driving improvement classes. He is doing what type of research? Pure Clinical Applied Experimental

Applied

________ are psychologists who specialize in the treatment of psychological disorders. Clinical psychologists School psychologists Psychotherapists Psychiatrists

Clinical psychologists

Angela's psychology instructor tells her students that her goal is to have all of them become critical thinkers. These goals may include all except which of the following? Be curious about behavior Learn to analyze arguments critically. Learn about research methods Consider the credentials of the authority.

Consider the credentials of the authority.

Lisa heard that sitting in the front of class was correlated with higher grades. She decided that sitting in the front of the class was all she needed to do to improve her grades. Which of the following is a flaw in Lisa's thinking? Correlations are not predictive. Correlations do not indicate cause and effect. This type of correlation actually hurt Lisa's grades. There is no flaw in Lisa's thinking.

Correlations do not indicate cause and effect.

Up until the 20th century, the majority of psychologists were European men privileged women rich men medical doctors

European men

Carla has been called in to consult with a teacher who has a first-grader recently diagnosed with autism. Carla is most likely which type of psychologist? Clinical Educational Counseling School

School

__________ psychologists are concerned with racism, sexism, and ageism. Community Forensic Personality Social

Social

Which of the following is the best definition of psychology? The study of behavior and mental processes. The study of why people behave in abnormal and unique ways. The scientific study of behavior and mental processes. The study of how the mind works.

The scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

Which of the following is not true of psychological theories? Theories make assumptions about behavior. Theories explain behavior and mental processes. Predictions are derived from theories. Theories are always discarded as new observations are made.

Theories are always discarded as new observations are made.

The standards that are intended to ensure that psychologists do not undertake research methods or treatment that are harmful are called ethical standards. the rights of subjects act. moral standards. the psychological commandments.

ethical standards.

Empirical research must be supported by evidence. common sense. reference to authority. deductive reasoning.

evidence.

Cognitive psychologists are specifically interested in studying animal learning and motivation. human thinking and memory. genetic and hormonal effects on behavior. introspection and behavioral disorders.

human thinking and memory.

Structuralism defined experience in terms of a. behavioral tendencies and habits. the continuity of consciousness and unconscious processes. the functions of consciousness. sensations, feelings, and mental images.

sensations, feelings, and mental images.

Gus is reading about a recent claim by a particular reading program, which is that reading to an unborn child increases its cognitive ability by at least 10 points. If Gus is a critical thinker, he should question the cost of such a program. the definition of cognitive ability. the patent on this program. the credibility of the researchers.

the credibility of the researchers.