psychology chp 3

each parent contributes ____ chromosome(s) to each pair

1

there are _______ chromosomes in the human body

46

The imaging method that uses a rapidly charging magnetic field to induce brief electrical current pulses in the brain that then trigger action potentials in the neuron is called

TMS.

The nervous system is composed of many components, including the brain, spinal cord, and individual neurons throughout the body, all of which can communicate with one another. What does this prove about the nervous system?

The nervous system is highly integrated.

implanting healthy tissue into a damaged brain is called

a brain graft

plasticity can be affected by:

age, amount of damage, stress

Which of the following is not one of the four lobes of the cortex? anterior temporal frontal occipital

anterior

Terminal buttons release a chemical into the synapse in order to

be picked up by the dendrites of the next neuron

A recessive gene will exhibit its trait only whenboth genes in a pair are recessive.

both genes in a pair are recessive.

The __________ stem is a midbrain structure that connects to the spinal cord and regulates basic survival functions.

brain

What part of the hindbrain connects to the spinal cord and regulates basic survival functions?

brain stem

every neuron has:

cell body, axon, dendrites

The medulla, pons, and ____ are located in the hindbrain.

cerebellum

the __________ cortex is divided into two halves-- the left and right hemispheres-- and each one has different functions

cerebral

German neurologist Carl Wernicke conducted research on the left hemisphere and discovered that injuries to this part of the brain result in

difficulties in understanding language

The ______ is made up of the limbic system, thalamus, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, and cerebral cortex.

forebrain

The actual genetic material present in every cell of a particular person's body is called a

genotype

a persons genetic heritage is called a

genotype

the cerebral cortex, limbic system, thalamus, basal ganglia, and ________ make up the forebrain

hypothalamus

The nervous system consists of neurons throughout the body, all of which can communicate with one another. This demonstrates the high degree of _____ in the nervous system.

integration

Which of the following structures are part of the forebrain?

limbic system, amygdala, cerebral cortex

hindbrain

medulla, pons, cerebellum

neural ________ are interconnected pathways of nerve cells that integrate sensory input and motor output

networks

Interconnected pathways of nerve cells that integrate sensory input and motor output are called

neural networks

Communication between neurons occurs via chemical messengers called __________

neurotransmitters

When action potentials reach terminal buttons, chemical communicators called _____ are released

neurotransmitters

chemical communicators called __________ are released when action potentials reach terminal buttons

neurotransmitters

the four lobes of the brain are:

parietal, frontal, temporal, occipital

Collateral sprouting, substitution of function, and neurogenesis are all examples of brain _______

plasticity

Which of the following structures are located in the hindbrain?

pons, cerebellum, medulla

A recessive genetic trait will be exhibited when both genes in a pair are _______

recessive

select all of the following that are structures of the midbrain cerebellum reticular formation medulla and pons substantia nigra

reticular formation, substantia nigra

midbrain

reticular, formation, striatum

Susan's response to circumstances and events that threaten her or tax her coping abilities is called

stress

_______ is an individual's response to environmental circumstances and events that tax his or her coping mechanisms.

stress

The reticular formation and ____ are part of the midbrain region of the brain.

substantia nigra

the reticular formation and _________ are part of the midbrain region of the brain

substantia nigra

which of the following is not part of the neuron? terminal button dendrites axons synapse

synapse

forebrain

thalamus, basal, ganglia, hypothalamus

True or false: Transcranial magnetic stimulation is a type of brain imaging technique that allows doctors to make causal statements about behavior and brain function.

true