Psychology final exam practice quiz questions

Tricyclics and SSRIs are types of

Antidepressants

A retail store is planning to provide aid to children in a foreign country. What is one way they could ensure that the maximum number of customers donate?

Approach their customers individually

Geoffrey believes that by yelling at his son and spanking him when he mistreats other children, he can prevent his son from becoming a bully. What is problematic about Geoffrey's reasoning?

By punishing his son in this way, he is actually modeling aggressive behavior.

Describing a student as lazy related to which?

Causes relating to an individuals internal characteristics or traits

Allport's term for personality characteristics that have a widespread influence on the individuals behavior across situations is

Central traits

Which type of mental health professional has a doctoral degree in psychology, has passed a licensing exam and in some states can prescribe medications if specialized training has been completed?

Clinical psychologist

In cognitive therapy, "errors in thinking" are called

Cognitive distortions

Which theorists focus on the role of distorted thinking and interpreting events in an overly negative way in explaining abnormal behavior?

Cognitive theorists

In Jung's theory, the part of the mind containing ideas and archetypal images that are transmitted genetically is called the

Collective unconscious

Blair would like to learn more about what makes her behave and view the world the way that she does. You tell Blair that she may want to

Consider taking a personality test

Psychologist Gordon Allport's belief that under certain conditions, increased intergroup contact helps reduce prejudice and intergroup tension is called the

Contact hypothesis

How would you explain the main difference between the therapeutic approaches of traditional and contemporary psychoanalysts?

Contemporary psychoanalysts like face-to-face interaction rather than using the couch

A mental health professional who has typically earned a master's degree and may work in a variety of settings such as private practice settings, public schools, college testing centers, counseling centers, hospitals, or mental health clinics is called a

Counselor

A group of students who draw graffiti along a bridge in a public park would be said to engage in which kind of behavior?

Deviant

Oscar beloved that all girls are lazy. Which does he demonstrate by refusing to allow any girl to practice skills that he works tirelessly to perfect in boys?

Discrimination

Bella is concerned that people may become upset and fight during a party she is throwing this weekend. What is one thing she could do to reduce the chances of interpersonal conflict?

Forbid anyone from bringing or drinking alcohol at the party.

PET scan images of patients with schizophrenia versus normal controls primarily show that those with schizophrenia have abnormalities in the

Frontal lobes of the brain

Which along the following people would likely benefit most from being prescribed an anti psychotic drug?

Gena, who is trying to control her unfounded belief that she is being followed

In which of the following disorders does a person experience persistent anxiety not tied to any particular object or situation?

Generalized anxiety disorder

People with which disorder are seldom, if ever, feee from worry?

Generalized anxiety disorder

Sim needs help with a major project at his job. He is worried that his co-workers won't help him. What could Sim do to increase the likelihood that someone will lend him a hand?

He could offer to take anyone who helps him out to lunch

Arnie is seeing a psychoanalyst. He had a particularly rough session, where he experienced feelings of extreme anxiety when he left his therapist's office. That night, he woke up in bed and found he could not lift one of his arms. What is the best conclusion you could assert given this information?

He is experiencing hysterical paralysis.

Malcom grew up in a home with little nurturing, and is often unfeeling with others. He becomes quickly bored and is described by his friends as a thrill seeker who often breaks the rules. Things quickly reel out of control at parties where he overindulges in alcohol recreational. If a mental health professional were to look at this case, which of the following is a plausible deduction?

He me have antisocial personality disorder

Byron is trying to conform to his family's views on social issues less often. What is one thing he should bear in mind to help him achieve this goal?

His family's opinions may not always be correct

After giving a solid job interview, Raffi finds out that he didn't get the position he had applied for due to "evidence of inappropriate behavior during the review process." What is one likely explanation for Raffi not being hired?

His potential employer found him on social media and formed a negative impression of him

Which type of therapist is most likely to teach a client to take more responsibility for their own feelings and actions?

Humanistic

Instead of focusing on "curing" psychological disorders, what type of therapist seeks to help with personal growth and self- fulfillment?

Humanistic therapist

An attempt to explain connections between what is shared or displayed and the unconscious conflict in psychoanalysis is called

Interpretation

Richard tends to take things that go wrong in his life extremely personally. He was just passed over for a promotion at work and now thinks his career in that firm is completely over. What is the most likely explanation of Richard's thinking that a cognitive theorist might offer?

It is a cognitive distortion.

One reason that hearing voices might not be considered abnormal behavior is which?

It is possible that communicating with deceased loved ones might be an accepted practice in certain cultures.

Jenna refuses to comply with even the most basic wishes of her parents. From an obedience framework, it is likely that her parents do not make efforts to

Legitimize their authority

A compliance technique based on obtaining a person's initial agreement to purchase an item at a lower price before revealing hidden costs that raise the ultimate price is called the

Lowball technique

Rhonda is a thrill-seeker who enjoys exploring exotic places around the world. Which trait most accurately describes Rhonda?

Open to new experiences

To Freud, the part of the kind whose contents can be brought into awareness through focused attention is called

Preconscious

Maria needs help with depression. She finds herself feeling very sad and hopeless some days, but other days very happy and hopeful. The fluctuation of her moods is troubling to her, so she is asking you for advice. Which type of mental health professional would you suggest to her who can prescribe antidepressants

Psychiatrist

Timmy has been diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Which drug may be prescribed for this condition?

Ritalin

Allport's term for specific traits that influence relatively few situations is

Secondary traits

Sophia needs help in making her younger cousin take a bath while she is babysitting her. Which of the following represents a compliance strategy Sophia could use?

She could get her cousin to agree to a shortened bath time before telling her that she needs to spend extra time washing her hair

A person experiencing agoraphobia is most likely to

Stay close to home

What is the name of a commonly used personality test originally developed to help clinicians diagnose mental disorders?

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory

Fareed tells his husband that they can afford to buy a used motorcycle. After his husband agrees to the purchase, Fareed says that the used motorcycle is no longer available but a more expensive, brand-new motorcycle is, and it's the one they should really purchase. What compliance strategy has Fareed just used?

The bait and switch technique

Social psychologist believe that attitudes are primarily influenced by

The environment

Roma is struggling with a difficult assignment in her psychology course. When she posts a request for help on the course message board, no one responds. What is the most likely reason people failed to respond to Rola?

The students in the class assumed someone else would help her

What is the best way to explain to someone why dissociative and somatic and related disorders are grouped together?

These disorders involve psychological defenses against anxiety.

Brendon's parents are worried that he is starting to display signs of aggressive behavior after spending time hanging around bullies at school. What is one thing they could do to effectively intervene?

They could model alternative confident resolution strategies for Brendon to use if he runs into difficulties with his peers

Which is a myth about suicide?

Those who talk about it are too scared to try

Which of the following best illustrates a Gestalt therapeutic technique?

Tracy sits across from an empty chair and imagines her mother is sitting there while she explains why she feels the way she does about her.

Jack is trying to overcome the experience of conditional positive regard that his parents showed him. What would be the most effective thing for Jack to do?

Try to pursue experiences in which he can cultivate a sense of intrinsic self-worth.

A politician campaigns fiercely for stricter gun laws but privately supports an organization that promotes gun ownership. Which would house his true feelings toward guns?

Unconscious

A person who has an excessive fear of heights has

acrophobia

Anxiety is best explained as

an emotional state of uneasiness or distress associated with apprehension about the future.

People who persistently disregard the rights and feelings of others and feel no remorse for their actions may have

antisocial personality disorder

Inez wants to know how she can avoid engaging in reaction formation. You tell her to

be honest with herself about her needs and feelings.

Dr. Plessy is a clinical researcher who wants to test a new antianxiety drug. What type of therapist will be most interested in this research?

biomedical therapist

Fred is displaying a negative symptom of schizophrenia. Which is Fred currently exhibiting?

catatonia

During a marriage counseling session, the therapist suggests to Mr. and Mrs. Gallo that they each restate their spouse's comments before making their own. The therapist was applying a technique most closely associated with

client-centered therapy

Which type of therapy would be demonstrated by a professional who encourages a client to first shift their thought process and then change their actions?

cognitive behavioral therapy

A friend of yours points out that most cultures share some examples of certain themes. According to Jung, this is due to the

collective unconscious

Grant wants to learn how to perform basic mechanical work on his car. Grant is attempting to build

competency

On Freudian theory, what are the reality-distorting strategies of the ego to prevent awareness of anxiety-evoking or troubling ideas or impulses?

defense mechanisms

Xavier is a drill instructor and would like to ensure that his troops follow orders without question. The most effective policy he could enforce during their training is that anyone who disobeys a command will be

dismissed from the platoon

Multiple personality or split personality is also known as

dissociative identity disorder

While in therapy, Duane discovers that he is living with two other people inside his mind. They help him when he needs it, and they each have their own experiences and memories that Dave does not have. The two separate personalities are named Tracy and Rex. Given his symptoms, what would Duane's therapist most likely treat him for?

dissociative identity disorder

The biomedical treatment most widely used today is

drug therapy

Which of the following procedures is most likely to result in a loss of memory?

electroconvulsive therapy

Derrick is a fiction writer, and tinkers with different styles of prose. Based on this, it is likely that one of Derrick's source traits is

experimenting

Trey is trying to pass the bar exam so he can practice law. He failed it two times and tells his friends, "The test is just too hard." Which attributional cause would explain this statement?

external attribution

Cognitive therapists often help clients

identify and correct maladaptive beliefs and self-defeating attitudes.

Selene was born in a culture that prioritizes the achievements of the individual and views success in terms of personal prestige and wealth. Selene was born in a(n)

individualistic culture

Stewart hates feeling smaller than his older brother. Psychologist Alfred Adler would likely say that Stewart has a/an

inferiority complex

Which of the three basic components of love involves the close bond and feeling of attachment between two people?

intimacy

Tests of personality that are based on a research foundation and can be scored on an unbiased basis are called

objective tests

Which trait captures people who are curious, intellectual, and open to nontraditional values?

openness to new experiences

A cognitive bias involving the predisposition to attribute more negative characteristics to members of out-groups than to those of in-groups is called

out-group negativism.

Jayne identifies herself as intelligent, kind, and easygoing. These traits are part of her

personal identity

Lee is attempting to trace his friends behavior to the ridges and raises on his head. Lee is engaging in

phrenology

Schizophrenia is classified as a

psychotic disorder

Techniques frequently used in cognitive therapy include

specific homework assignments including thought recording and reality testing.

According to Freud, a defense mechanism involving the channeling of unacceptable impulses into socially sanctioned behaviors or interests is

sublimation

Tim is in a mental hospital suffering from schizophrenia. He sits motionless for long periods of time. A fellow patient comes along and moves his arms in different positions. Tim holds those poses. How would you identify this action?

waxy flexibility