Psychology of Aging

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration reports that, in 2012, the highest fatality rates were for drivers ages: - 75-80. - 85-90. - 50-54. - 16-19.

16-19.

base on the prevalence data, older adults with bipolar disorder were most likely to have developed it by the time they reached the age of about: - 25 - 65 - 60 - 35

25

Research from the Institute of Highway Safety shows that older drivers in the U.S. faced with the challenge of making a left-hand turn while driving in a busy intersection are most likely to experience which outcome? - Having an accident - Dying from a heart attack - Forgetting where they are - Feeling overconfident

Having an accident

. In ________________ disease, the individual primarily suffers from disturbances in motor functioning, including having tremors, shuffling gait, and difficulties maintaining balance. - Lewy's - Pick's - Wernicke's - Parkinson's

Parkinson's

Vocabulary, factual information, and historical knowledge fall into the category of ____________ memory, a process not affected by aging. - source - semantic - procedural - working

Semantic

psychologists may fail to recognize the symptoms of major depressive disorder in an older adult because the mistakenly assume that: - aging is naturally accompanied by greater feelings of sadness - they are no viable treatments that could help depressed older adults - symptoms of depression in older adults are caused by dymentia - older adults who seem depressed are likely to have an anxiety disorder

aging is naturally accompanied by greater feelings of sadness

unlike the diagnosis and statistical manual (DSM-5), the international classification of diseases makes possible diagnosis of which conditions? - personality disorders - neurocognitive diseases - all medical illnesses - disorders of later life

all medical illnesses

The role of the central executive in working memory is to: - remember information for long periods of time. - direct attention to incoming stimuli. - allocate cognitive resources to the task. - recall information presented verbally

allocate cognitive resources to the task.

of the following, which category of disorders have the highest lifetime prevalence - depressive - personality - anxiety - schizophrenia

anxiety

Research on videogame training in young adults shows that these games have the effect of improving: - attentional control. - color perception. - long-term memory. - mathematical skills.

attentional control.

The plaques found in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease are made up of which substance? - tau proteins - dead dendrites - acetylcholine - beta amyloid

beta amyloid

classifying groups of people studied in developmental research based on when they were born involves distinctions based on which type of categorization? - cohort - age - sectional - time of measurement

cohort

A 67 year old woman is constantly organizing and reorganizing her kitchen cabinets, wanting every cup, plate, glass, utensil to be in exactly the "right" place. Her behavior causes her distress, and although she would like to stop, she cant help herself. This behavior would be considered to be what type of psychological symptom? - hoarding - compulsion - delusion - obsession

compulsion

a researcher obtains information about one of her older participants in a study that suggests the participant may have difficulty driving. According to the ethical principle of _________, however, she cannot report this to the participant's family. - confidentiality - professionalism - informed consent - freedom of information

confidentiality

While you are at rest, the brain's ____________ is at work, processing information that you generate internally. - phonological loop - central executive - visuospatial sketch pad - default network

default network

according to a survey on elder abuse in the U.S, which is the most frequent form of elder abuse committed by others to the older adult? - financial - sexual - emotional - physical

emotional

. Students don't always like it when their professors ask them not to text or go on Facebook during class, saying it doesn't affect their comprehension of class material. However, based on the research it's fair to say that: - multitasking shows no negative effects on performance for young adults but does harm performance of older adults. - monitoring multiple inputs can actually increase the efficiency of everyone's cognitive functioning. - everyone performs more poorly after multitasking, though older adults are more affected than young adults. - you don't know the answer because you were texting during this part of the class

everyone performs more poorly after multitasking, though older adults are more affected than young adults.

According to research on _____________ memory, older adults are able to remember distinctive historical events as well as do younger adults. - flashbulb - working - scaffolding - procedural

flashbulb

Psychologists diagnosing Alzheimer's disease look for which key symptom in its early stage? - occasionally misplacing objects at home - being absent-minded from time to time - forgetting names of good friends or family - being unable to name the star of a popular movie

forgetting names of good friends or family

. An older adult's ability to drive may be affected by which normal age-related changes in vision? - a reduction in color vision - greater sensitivity to glare - increased ability to see near objects - tendency to make right-left reversals

greater sensitivity to glare

research examining the relationship between memory and stress found out that people who experience daily stresses, regardless of age, also are likely to: - feel better prepared to handle cognitive demands - remember more details in a novel task - have memory problems on the days they were stressed - experience a higher chance of developing long-term memory loss

have memory loss on the days they were stressed

the development of PTSD in older individuals previously exposed to combat is linked to the risks of which physical health conditions? - emphysema - heart disease - osteoarthritis - diabetes

heart disease

in the disorder known as ______, individuals continually collect objects that they don't need, are unable to throw out objects, and may clutter up their homes to the point of being almost unlivable. - agoraphobia - schizophrenia - psychopathy - hoarding

hoarding

ethical guidelines require that researchers obtain _______ in which they provide information about a study's risks and benefits to each participant and then obtain their signature indicating they understand it: - assisted feedback - confidential disclosure - informed consent - known agreement

informed consent

.According to the __________hypothesis about the effects of aging on attention, older adults take longer to respond because they are unable to ignore distracting or interfering stimuli: - conjunctive search - inhibitory deficit - selective decay - phonological loop

inhibitory deficit

age can not be used as an independent variable in developmental research because: - people usually lie about their birthdays - there are no statistics to analyze age based on data - it cannot be manipulated by the experimenter - there are no good theories about aging

it cannot be manipulated by the experimenter

. A factor in the driving behavior of older adults is that, compared to younger adults, they are more likely to: - engage in distracted driving. - drive while under the influence. - know how to react in an emergency. - venture out after dark.

know how to react in an emergency.

a british documentary film maker followed a group of children every 7 years starting when they were 7 years old and continuing to track them down through age 56. this film comes closest to which type of developmental research design. - cross sectional - longitudinal - cross sequential - time sequential

longitudinal

considering a form of elder abuse, self neglect can include which of the following behaviors? - making poor financial decisions without help from others. - allowing oneself to be victimized by relatives - becoming the target of insults and ridicule - voting in elections against one's personal self interest

making poor financial decisions without help from others

The condition known as Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is used in cases involving: - memory loss that may progress to Alzheimer's disease. - documented loss of memory, language, and judgment. - loss of blood supply to the subcortical brain regions. - poor judgment due to acute alcohol intoxication

memory loss that may progress to Alzheimer's disease.

A true Mediterranean diet would include relatively little of which type of food? - Nuts - Milk - Grains - Fish

milk

older adults who eat a diet that includes food rich in _________ are likely to experience some cognitive benefits. - beta carotene - ginko biloba - homocysteine - omega-3

omega-3

after completing a call to your wireless cellphone provider, you receive a follow up call asking you to rate the customer service representative using a 5 point scale. this method of data collection is known as a(n) - focus group - exploratory study - case study - opinion survey

opinion study

Clinicians seek to distinguish Alzheimer's disease from other neurocognitive disorders as soon as possible in their patients primarily because: - if caught in time, Alzheimer's disease can now be prevented. - the earlier it's diagnosed, the less stressful it is for families. - other disorders that look like Alzheimer's may be reversible if treated early on. - because it's fatal, treatment should be withheld from Alzheimer's patients.

other disorders that look like Alzheimer's may be reversible if treated early on.

symptoms of depression in persons over the age of 65 are more likely to take which form compared to symptoms shown in younger adults - sadness and crying - guilty ans low self - esteem - suicidal thoughts - physical complaints

physical complaints

adults 65 and over are most likely to abuse what type of illicit substance? - alcohol - marijuana - heroin - prescription drugs

prescription drugs

when developing a treatment plan for an older adult with a psychological disorder, clinicians need to be mindful of the high rates of abuse in this age group of which substance - prescription medication - methadone - marijuana - nutritional supplements

prescription medication

the role of the institutional review board (IRB) in the research process involves which procedures? - ensuring that all participants provide information that is anonymous - funding researchers who work at the institution to conduct their work - requiring that researchers protect the rights of their participants - ensuring that investigations carried out at the institution are published

requiring the researchers protect the rites of their participants

APA's geropsychology guidelines suggest that if clinicians are not familiar with a particular disorder affecting older adults, they should: - inform the client that treatment is not advise - seek consultation with or referral to an expert - treat the client with whatever skills they have - encourage the client to consult a self help manual

seek consultation with or referral to an expert

older adults who have a low sense of memory___________, the feeling that they cannot perform well on a memory test, are likely to have poorer scores when their memory is actually tested. - assimilation - self-efficacy - threat -predictability

self - efficacy

The model of self-regulation and driving predicts that an older adult will continue to drive depends on the psychological factors of: - availability of public transportation. - ability to get rides with others. - the expense of gas and vehicle upkeep. - self-confidence and need for independence.

self-confidence and need for independence.

in the U.S, funding to provide support to adult protective services, mandated by federal law to protect older adults, comes primarily from: - states - federal government - counties - private charities

states

which of the following is a sociocultural contributor to suicide risk in older adults? - depression - memory loss - stress - chronic pain

stress

an older woman becomes so enrages at what she believes is poor service that she storms out of a restaurant and vows never to eat there again even though she's gone there for years, and there was nothing different about the way she was treated. what would a psychologist need to know in order to consider whether her behavior fits the criteria for abnormality? - how long she had been a regular at the restaurant - whether she really was treated poorly or not - exactly how old she was at the time of the incident - whether she had recently become a widow

whether she really was treated poorly or not