Psychology test #3 ( Ch. 6 )

( Sensation and perception ) : When Sanjay recognizes line segments and areas of light and dark as his friend's face at an airport gate, he is demonstrating:

perception

( The Nonvisual Senses ) : Ricardo has been suffering from a lengthy battle with the flu. His ears are painfully plugged with fluid. One morning his right ear pops from all of the pressure and fluid comes out. He screams in pain because the eardrum has punctured. This will result in:

conduction hearing loss.

( The Nonvisual Senses ) : After many years of playing extremely loud rock music, Kyle has suffered significant hearing loss, which cannot be corrected with a hearing aid. Kyle is suffering from _____ hearing loss.

sensorineural

( The Nonvisual Senses ) : Laurie has a persistent itch on her arm. This is MOST likely caused by the action of _____ receptors.

pain

( The Nonvisual Senses ) : Dr. Faulk conducts empirical research to investigate the claims for such abilities as clairvoyance and telepathy. Dr. Faulk's research reflects a field called

parapsychology

( The Nonvisual Senses ) : Enrico is having trouble telling the difference between the sound of a tuba and the sound of a piccolo. Even though a piccolo produces much briefer, faster sound waves than does a tuba, he has trouble picking out the differences in the _____ of these sounds.

pitch

( The Nonvisual Senses ) : Which figure BEST approximates the number of hair cells in the inner ear?

15,000

( Sensation and perception ) Perceptual sets are the result of _____, which are concepts that people form to organize and interpret unfamiliar information.

Schemas

( The Nonvisual Senses ) : ____is an auditory phantom limb sensation.

Tinnitus

( Vision: Sensory and Perceptual Processing ) : Talia is 45 years old. She has started to notice that newspaper print is too small for her to read. Talia needs reading glasses because the.....

lenses of her eyes are less able to accommodate.

( The Nonvisual Senses ) : Infant rats deprived of their mothers' grooming touch produce _____ growth hormone and have a _____ metabolic rate

less; lower

( The Nonvisual Senses ) Retina is to _____ as _____ is to hair cell.

rod and cone; cochlea

( Sensation and perception ) : Detection is to interpretation as _____ is to _____.

sensation; perception

( Sensation and perception ) : A researcher subliminally presents a visual image to study participants, which increases the likelihood that they will later recognize the same briefly presented image. This BEST illustrates:

that information can be processed outside of conscious awareness.

( The Nonvisual Senses ) : With respect to the sensory systems, the cerebellum is involved in:

the vestibular sense and kinesthesia.

( Sensation and perception ) : A person can detect a single drop of perfume diffused in an area the size of a one-bedroom apartment. This is a(n) _____threshold.

Absolute

( Sensation and perception ) : ____ Threshold is the minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular sensory stimulus 50 percent of the time.

Absolute

( Sensation and perception ) : In an experiment described in the textbook, bar patrons preferred the taste of vinegar-laced beer in a glass labeled "MIT brew" to the taste of identical beer served in an unlabeled glass. Taste preference is a(n) _____variable in this study.

Dependent

( Sensation and perception ) : _____ threshold is to _____ threshold as detecting change is to detecting presence.

Difference, Absolute

( Vision: Sensory and Perceptual Processing ) : 1. The central focal point in the retina where cones are heavily concentrated is known as the 2. Pat turns to look directly at a brightly colored bird her friend has spotted in the garden. Pat is ensuring that the bird's image falls directly on her

Fovea

( The Nonvisual Senses ) : Marissa's preterm baby is stimulated with hand massage several times each day. Which result can she expect for her baby?

Her baby will gain weight faster and be able to go home sooner than preterm babies who are not stimulated with hand massage.

( Vision: Sensory and Perceptual Processing ) : Mia is attracted to a man she is chatting with in a nightclub. What is probably happening to her eyes?

Her pupils are dilating.

( The Nonvisual Senses ) : Which statement is false about the use of hypnosis in pain reduction?

In surgical experiments, hypnotized patients have required no pain medication and no local anesthesia.

( The Nonvisual Senses ) : One sense influencing the perception of another is known as sensory _____.

Interaction

( The Nonvisual Senses ) : Dr. Frasier conducts empirical research to investigate the claims for such abilities as clairvoyance and telepathy. Dr. Frasier's research reflects a field called _____

Parapsychology

( Sensation and perception ) : __refers to the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information.

Perception

( The Nonvisual Senses ) : The ability to see future events before they happen is known as _____

Precognition

( Sensation and perception ) An inability to recognize faces is called:

Prosopagnosia

( Vision: Sensory and Perceptual Processing ) : Damon, who is among the 8 percent of males with colorblindness, suffers from the most common form of color blindness. Which statement BEST illustrates Damon's experience of color?

Red apples on a tree seem to be the same color as the surrounding green leaves.

( Vision: Sensory and Perceptual Processing ) : refers to the amount of light an object reflects in comparison to its surroundings.

Relative luminance

( Sensation and perception ) The process by which receptor cells detect stimuli is called:

Sensation

( Vision: Sensory and Perceptual Processing ) : Jasmine was in a serious car accident. She suffered damage to her temporal lobe, just behind her right ear. What kind of problems might this cause for her?

She might have trouble recognizing familiar faces.

( The Nonvisual Senses ) : Seeing the numeral 3, for instance, may evoke a particular taste sensation in a condition called _____

Synesthesia

( The Nonvisual Senses ) : To what extent can the temporal and place theories explain the perception of high- and low-pitched sounds?

The temporal theory cannot explain the perception of high-pitched sounds

( The Nonvisual Senses ) : Morrie has had a cold for five days, and his nose is so stuffy that he cannot smell anything. When he sips his coffee, he finds that it is tasteless. What is the MOST likely reason for this?

To savor a taste, we need to breathe the aroma through our nose.

( The Nonvisual Senses ) : Which sequence correctly arranges the structures of the inner ear from the largest and most inclusive to the smallest and most specific?

cochlea, basilar membrane, hair cells

( The Nonvisual Senses ) : After a rap concert, as Dominique walks out into the fresh air, she notices her ears are ringing. This ringing indicates possible damage to the hair cells of her _____ membrane.

basilar

( The Nonvisual Senses ) : Lonnie is waiting for Brandon to arrive at a café for an afternoon coffee date. They have not been out together one-on-one yet; this is a prelude to a real first date in the evening and with dinner. Lonnie has made sure to order Brandon hot rather than iced coffee, and he's seated at a booth rather than a rickety chair or stool. These choices MOST likely reflect Brandon's knowledge of:

embodied cognition.

( Vision: Sensory and Perceptual Processing ) : As one walks into a brightly lit room, the black structure in the center of one's eye seems to shrink to a tiny black dot. This response is caused by the action of the eye structure called the........

iris

( Sensation and perception ) : Lana cannot recognize faces. She has to fake knowing or recognizing people she has already met. Lana MOST likely suffers from:

prosopagnosia

( Vision: Sensory and Perceptual Processing ) : Which depth perception list contains an item that does NOT belong with the others?

relative motion, convergence, monocular cues

( Sensation and perception ) : The phenomenon of perceptual set underscores the contribution of _____ processes to perception.

top-down

( The Nonvisual Senses ) : When two friends talk over lunch, the amplitude of their conversation is about _____ decibels.

60

( Vision: Sensory and Perceptual Processing ) : Talia is 45 years old. She has started to notice that newspaper print is too small for her to read. Talia needs reading glasses because the lenses of her eyes are less able to adjust, or _____.

Accommodate

( The Nonvisual Senses ) : Making an analogy between hearing and vision, the auditory hair cells in the _____ are similar to the _____ in the retina.

cochlea; rods and cones

( Vision: Sensory and Perceptual Processing ) : As one watches a dog play in the park, light reflected from the dog's fur first passes through three structures of one's eye. In what order does the light pass through these structures?

cornea, pupil, lens

( Vision: Sensory and Perceptual Processing ) : Researchers used goggles to restrict kittens' vision for several months. Once the goggles were removed, the kittens:

could distinguish only color.

( Vision: Sensory and Perceptual Processing ) : A 7-month-old toddler is just learning to crawl. Her mother has agreed to have her toddler participate in an experiment that incorporates a visual cliff. What is MOST likely being studied in this experiment?

depth perception

( The Nonvisual Senses ) : Several days ago, Ravi fell and hurt his ankle. Although it bothered him a little, he continued to walk on it. When he finally went to the doctor for X-rays, he found out he has a broken bone. It is likely that Ravi carries a gene that boosts the availability of:

endorphins.

( Vision: Sensory and Perceptual Processing ): Immanuel Kant and John Locke would have been MOST likely to disagree about the extent to which perception is influenced by

experience

( Vision: Sensory and Perceptual Processing ) : Denise wears an extremely bright safety yellow sweatshirt when she cycles to the gym after dark. The sweatshirt's brightness reflects the _____ of the light it reflects.

high amplitude

( Sensation and perception ) : Lily is riding her bicycle and, after the fortieth mile, she has one last hill to climb. As compared with the other hills she has climbed on her ride, Lily is likely to perceive this last hill as:

higher.

( Vision: Sensory and Perceptual Processing ) : Railroad tracks appear to converge in the distance. This provides a cue for depth perception known as:

linear perspective

( Vision: Sensory and Perceptual Processing ) : Bees can see ultraviolet light, but cannot see the color red. This means that bees cannot see:

long wavelengths

( Vision: Sensory and Perceptual Processing ) : Relative _____ refers to the amount of light an object reflects relative to its surroundings.

luminance

( Vision: Sensory and Perceptual Processing ) : From the window of an office on a skyscraper's ninetieth floor, taxis on the street look tiny. However, a viewer knows they are not toy cars. This example illustrates the _____ depth cue of _____

monocular; relative size

( The Nonvisual Senses ) : In an amusement park ride, the cars spin rapidly while accelerating along a track. A person's head movements during this ride are detected by hair cells in the:

semicircular canals

( Sensation and perception ) : Anna is reading her psychology textbook. The activation of receptors in her retina is called _____. Her interpretation of the stimuli as particular words is called _____.

sensation; perception

( Sensation and perception ) : Carlos was just touched on his cheek, which is a(n) _____. In order for Carlos to know if he was kissed or slapped, Carlos needs a(n) _____.

sensation; perception

( Sensation and perception ) : 1. While playing golf James forgets that his sunglasses are on top of his head. As the day goes on, he forgets that he placed them there. This demonstrates the process of: 2. When Juan puts on a hat in the morning, he notices it is there. As the day goes on, he forgets that he is wearing it. This demonstrates the process of:

sensory adaptation.

( Sensation and perception ) : Why do human's sensory systems adapt after prolonged exposure to a constant stimulus?

so that they detect potentially important changes in what is going on