Puberty Begins

Which statement BEST captures the relationship between biorhythms and circadian rhythms?

Circadian rhythms are a type of biorhythm.

Mo, a teenager, likes to drive his car at speeds above 70 mph. Mo's need for thrill seeking reflects the fact that:

Mo, a teenager, likes to drive his car at speeds above 70 mph. Mo's need for thrill seeking reflects the fact that:

_____ usually lasts three to five years, but many more years are required to achieve psychosocial maturity.

Puberty

Bill lives in the United States and is the same height as his father and grandfather. The same is true for many other generations of families. The secular trend of each generation growing taller:

appears to have stopped in developed nations.

Like some males, Sam is more alert in the evening than in the morning. Sam has a genetic trait called:

eveningness.

An advertisement for a bodybuilding supplement claims that it stimulates the production of testosterone by the:

go nads

The current average age of menarche among well-nourished girls in the United States is _____ years and ____ months.

12; 4

Leila is a healthy and well-nourished girl who will turn 13 in 4 months. Leila, like the typical girl her age, recently experienced:

menarche

The female sex glands are also called the

ovaries.

Jasmine, a first-grader, is beginning to show visible signs of breast development. This is called:

precocious puberty.

Curtis is 17 years old. If Curtis is like many adolescents, his brain is naturally:

sleepy in the morning and alert at night.

Mark doubled over in pain, grabbed his crotch, and exclaimed, "That baseball hit me in the gonads." The gonads are also called the:

testicles

In girls, the adolescent growth spurt generally begins _____ year(s) _____ than it does in boys

two; earlier

The term menarche refers to:

a girl's first menstrual period.

Bernie is an adult. Unlike teens, Bernie's brain is naturally _____ in the morning and _____ at night.

alert; sleepy

Shane, a fifth-grader, drinks his parents' liquor when they are not home and yells at family members when he does not get his way. He has already experienced some of the physical changes of puberty, such as the initial growth of pubic hair and some growth of the penis. Shane's behavior is MOST likely due to his:

early maturation.

Approximately _____ percent of American high schools start before 8 A.M.; in light of adolescent circadian rhythms, such an early start time is _____.

45; not ideal

Genetics accounts for about _____ percent of the variation in the age of puberty.

65

_____ is a sex hormone that is considered the chief estrogen.

Estradiol

How does weight affect puberty?

Excess weight results in earlier puberty.

Sixteen-year-olds David and DeAndre impulsively decided to sneak into their high school's gym to play basketball at 1 A.M. on a Sunday. They were caught and suspended by the school for two days. According to the text, what may explain their thrill-seeking behavior?

The prefrontal cortex is not yet mature.

Brain research suggests that emotional control is fully developed in:

adults

Jade works an eight-hour shift during the day and then sleeps approximately eight hours every night. She then repeats the process when she wakes up. What is this day-night cycle of biological activity called that occurs approximately every 24 hours?

circadian rhythm

Sylvester, an adolescent, is experiencing the phenomenon called _____, which puts adolescents at high risk for antisocial activities because they are awake when adults are sound asleep.

eveningness

Jeremy and his teenage buddies Larry and Ted toilet-papered and "egged" several houses in a nearby neighborhood around midnight. These antisocial activities were MOST likely due to adolescent:

eveningness.

Nico is naturally more alert in the evening than in the morning, a genetic trait called:

eveningness.

Teenaged "BFFs" Miranda, Karen, and Matthew roam their town while their parents are asleep. They smoke cigarettes and experiment with marijuana. The trio of friends are experiencing a phenomenon called:

eveningness.

Julie is involved in many activities, including cheerleading, gymnastics, and a part-time job. Because of her stress, she started puberty early. The BEST reason for this change is that stress:

increases the hormones that start puberty.

Fourteen-year-old John and Carlos decided to build a bike ramp that would propel them in the air over a small but deep ravine. This could have caused considerable physical injury had Carlos's father not caught them before they completed the act. In this case, John and Carlos's impulsive behavior is due to the _____, but Carlos's father's more reasoned response is due to the maturity of the _____.

limbic system; prefrontal cortex

Margie is planning her daughter's 16th birthday party and trying not to cry, thinking how her daughter seems to be growing up too fast. She is using a part of her brain called the:

prefrontal cortex.

Chad noticed that his testes had grown. This is the first visible sign of _____ in boys.

puberty

Sarah comments to her mother that her nipples have been growing. This is the first visible sign of _____ in girls.

puberty

Melinda had four years of rapid physical growth and sexual maturation during her high school years, ending her childhood. This is called:

puberty.

Erik is 13. He experiences his first emission of semen during a "wet dream." Erik has experienced:

spermarche.

As Charles was drying himself off after taking a shower, he noticed that his _____ had grown, which is the first visible sign of puberty in boys.

testes

Fourteen-year-old Tajuana became very emotional when her parents rejected her request to go on a date with a high school senior. Her parents' attempts to discuss their reasons for not permitting the date were ignored, and Tajuana refuses to discuss the issue. Tajuana's response to her parents' decision reflects the fact that:

the limbic system matures before the prefrontal cortex.

When groups argue against later start times for high schools, they are NOT considering:

the needs of the students.

According to the text, many teenagers are thrill seekers because:

the prefrontal cortex is not yet mature.