Public Health 101 Chapter 4

Health disparity

a specific difference that is closely linked to social, economic, and/or environmental disadvantage

Upstream factors

are grounded in social structures and policies, like gov. programs that sponsor tabacco

how does socioeconomic status affect health: greater socioeconomic status

health longevity, healthy living conditions, improved sanitation, greater access to care, safer methods for cooking and eating, ability to protect against health hazards

Social Justice

A philosophy that aims to provide fair treatment and a fair share of the reward of society to individuals and groups. Interventions

Social Marketing

An use and extension of traditional product marketing (A key component of public health approach) The 4 P's Product, price, place, and promotion

Observability

Are the results of the innovation observable and easily measurable

Downstream factors

Are those that are directly involved and can potentially be altered by indiviual interventions. ( ex: addiction to nicotine)

Product

Behavior or innovations being marketed (what behaior is identifying)

Price

Benefits, barriers, and financial costs(financial barrier and cost)

The 3 components of Socioeconomic

Family income,indiviual's level or parents of eduacation and indiviuals professional status or parents professional status

Relative advantage

Is the innovation better than what it will replace

3 Main catergories of disparity health

Non communicable disease Heart disease), communiable disease (Air pollution)and enviromental health and safety(Flu or HIV)

Promotion

Organizing a campaign or program to reach the target audiences( how to ^ behavior)

Place

Target audiences and how to reach them(identifying target audiences)

Mainstream factor

Those that resulth from the relationshipof an indiviual with a larger group or population(peer pressure)

Trialability

can the innovation be tried it before making a decision to adopt

Contemplation

contemplation stage of change model: "maybe" "debating" thinking about it

Compatibility

does the innovation fit with the values and needs of the intended audience

culture

framework of attitude, beliefs, and value defines you/part of your world

Food desert

limited access to fresh nutritious foods - low income neighborhoods where consumers have little access to medium and large grocery stores.

how does socioeconomic status affect health: lower socioeconomic statu

more likely to be exposed to health hazards, greater risk of developing chronic diseases, greater exposure to environmental pollution

Precontemplation

precontemplation stage of change model: denial

Stages of Change model

precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance

Branding

social marketing: requires a clear understand of the behavior reduces financial costs identifies the audience and asks how they can be reached

10 key categories of social determinants of health

social status, social support or alienation, food, housing, education, work, stress, transportation, place, access to health services ( Give example of each one)

Preparation

stage of change model: decide to change

Action

stage of change model: implemented change (relapse is common here)

Maintaince

stage of change model: sustain for long period of time