Public Speaking midterm

Distributing handouts is usually an excellent way to present visual aids during a speech.

False

How does the speaker relate the subject to his audience?

He starts with vivid images about sports today.

______ is anxiety over the prospect of giving a speech in front of an audience.

Stage fright

Because people have different frames of reference, a public speaker must take care to adapt her or his message to the particular audience being addressed.

True

Adapting your message to the needs of a particular audience means that you must inevitably compromise your beliefs.

False

An excellent way to improve your credibility as a speaker is to use fancy, complicated words rather than familiar words.

False

______ is controlled nervousness that helps energize a speaker for his or her presentation.

Positive nervousness

What should public speakers do to avoid ethnocentrism?

Show respect for the cultures of the people they address.

In an informative speech, the speaker acts as

a teacher.

______ listeners give their undivided attention to the speaker in a genuine effort to understand her or his point of view.

Active

As your textbook explains, when preparing an informative speech, you should

All answers are correct.

What does critical thinking include?

All answers are correct.

When using presentation technology, you should

All answers are correct.

Which of the following recommendations does your textbook give for relating a subject directly to your audience in an informative speech?

All answers are correct.

Which of the following violates the speaker's ethical obligation to be honest in what she or he says?

All answers are correct.

____________ is repetition of the initial consonant sound of close or adjoining words.

Alliteration

____________ is a method of generating ideas for speech topics by free association of words and ideas.

Brainstorming

____________ is the audience's perception of whether the speaker is qualified to speak on a given topic.

Credibility

______ listening is listening to provide emotional support for a speaker.

Empathic

______ is the branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in human affairs.

Ethics

______ is the belief that one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures.

Ethnocentrism

It is only necessary for a speaker to identify his or her source when quoting verbatim—not when paraphrasing.

False

It is usually most effective to keep your ideas impersonal when giving an informative speech.

False

Listeners usually realize how tense a speaker is.

False

Most successful speakers do not experience stage fright.

False

One advantage of using video in a speech is that it involves less work than other kinds of visual aids.

False

One key to successful speaking is determining which audiences are worthy of your best efforts to communicate your ideas.

False

Protecting a speaker's freedom to express his or her ideas implies agreement with those ideas.

False

Taking account of your listeners' racial, ethnic, or cultural background is an important factor in situational audience analysis.

False

The conclusion should normally make up about 20 to 25 percent of your speech.

False

When preparing charts and graphs, you should use a large number of colors in order to grab your audience's attention.

False

Your textbook recommends taking word-for-word notes as a way to improve your listening skills.

False

____________ is the audience's perception of whether the speaker has the best interests of the audience in mind.

Goodwill

Identify the flaw in the following specific purpose statement: "To persuade my audience that our state legislature should protect Internet privacy and increase spending for education."

It contains two unrelated ideas.

Identify the flaw in the following central idea for a speech: "Something should be done about rising sea levels."

It's too vague.

Even though there can be gray areas when it comes to assessing a speaker's goals, it is still necessary to ask ethical questions about those goals.

True

It is normal—even desirable—to be nervous at the start of a speech.

True

Listening and critical thinking are so closely allied that training in listening is also training in how to think.

True

People spend more time listening than doing any other communicative activity.

True

Public speaking and ordinary conversation are similar in that both involve adapting to listener feedback.

True

Public speaking has been taught and studied for thousands of years.

True

Sometimes you can use your own body as a visual aid.

True

Speechmaking becomes more complex as cultural diversity increases.

True

The central idea for a speech should be stated as a full sentence.

True

Using inclusive language is an important part of being an audience-centered public speaker.

True

When business managers are asked to rank-order the communication skills most crucial to their jobs, they usually rank listening as number one.

True

You should usually work out the exact wording of the introduction after you have finished preparing the body of your speech.

True

Which of the following is the most concrete and specific?

White House

Which recommendation is a way to help you deal with nervousness in your speeches?

Work especially hard on your speech introduction.

Which of the following is an instance of informative speaking?

a counselor explaining the stages of grieving to people who have recently lost loved ones

"To inform my audience about the major steps in performing CPR" is a specific purpose statement for an informative speech about

a process.

In public speaking, sound ethical decisions involve weighing a potential course of action against what?

a set of ethical standards or guidelines

The more ____________ a word, the more ambiguous it will be.

abstract

Dolores is preparing visual aids for her speech about resources available to the Latino/Latina community and has decided to use a handout. When should she distribute it?

after the speech

"To inform my audience about the origins of the Jewish holiday of Purim" is a specific purpose statement for an informative speech about

an event.

"Divided there is little we can do; united there is little we cannot do" is an example of

antithesis.

Listening for pleasure or enjoyment is called ______ listening.

appreciative

Mayor Kathleen Baldwin has been asked to address the Wakefield Community Association about the issue of constructing a swimming pool in the neighborhood. The most important factor Baldwin should consider when analyzing her audience is probably its

attitude toward the topic.

The following visual aid is an example of a ____________.

bar

The ____________ is a one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the main points of a speech.

central idea

Which of the following is the most general and abstract?

communication

Listening to understand the message of a speaker is called ______ listening.

comprehensive

The ____________ meaning of a word is what the word suggests or implies.

connotative

The primary aim of an informative speech is to

convey knowledge or information.

When a speaker uses a ____________ ending, the speech builds in force until it reaches a zenith of power and intensity.

crescendo

Listening to evaluate a message for the purpose of accepting or rejecting it is called ______ listening.

critical

A ____________ ending is a type of speech conclusion that generates emotional appeal by fading step by step to a dramatic final statement.

dissolve

According to your textbook, the tendency of people to be concerned above all with their own values, beliefs, and well-being is called

egocentrism.

At a coffee shop on campus, Rachel listens to her friend Shanti discuss his feelings about his mother's recent death. According to your textbook, Rachel is engaged in ______ listening.

empathic

When you advocate a highly unpopular position, it is particularly important to ____________ in the introduction of your speech.

establish goodwill toward the audience

Because speechmaking is a form of power, it carries with it heavy ______ responsibilities.

ethical

While listening to a speech about gun control, Scott thought back to his experiences as an intern with the police department and decided that the speaker was knowledgeable about the subject. What was Scott doing?

filtering the message through his frame of reference

"Do you think gun control is a workable solution to the problem of violence in U.S. schools?" is an example of a(n) ____________ question.

fixed-alternative

The knowledge, experience, goals, values, and attitudes through which each listener filters a message make up the listener's ______

frame of reference

The primary purpose of speechmaking is to

gain a desired response from listeners.

When your general purpose is to ____________, you act as a teacher or lecturer.

inform

The denotative meaning of a word is

its literal meaning or dictionary definition.

What is a major factor to consider when deciding whether to use an object as a visual aid?

its size

Dr. Kristin Lutz is preparing an informative talk about the genetic relationship between twins for a group of expectant parents. The most important factor Dr. Lutz should consider when analyzing her audience is probably its

knowledge of the topic.

If you were delivering a speech about unemployment and wanted to show changes in the unemployment rate over the last decade, you should use a ____________

line

"Our mission is to serve justice, to right wrong, and to protect democracy" is an example of

parallelism.

When a speaker ______, she restates or summarizes an author's ideas in her own words.

paraphrases

Stealing ideas or language from two or three sources and passing them off as one's own is called ______ plagiarism.

patchwork

When you want to change or structure the attitudes of your audience, your general purpose is to ____________

persuade

If you present another person's language or ideas as your own, you are guilty of ______

plagiarism

A ____________ identifies the main points to be discussed in the body of the speech.

preview statement

An excellent way to give your speech psychological unity is to conclude by

referring to ideas in the introduction.

The ____________ is what a speaker wants the audience to remember after it has forgotten everything else in a speech.

residual message

A ____________ is a question that the audience answers mentally rather than out loud.

rhetorical question

Questions that require responses at fixed intervals along a scale of answers are called ____________ questions.

scale

If you want to use a photograph as a visual aid for a speech, your textbook recommends that you

show the photograph to the audience by using presentation technology.

If your specific purpose statement were "To inform my audience about the major land regions in Spain," you would probably organize your speech in

spatial order.

The ____________ is a single infinitive phrase that states precisely what a speaker hopes to accomplish in her or his speech.

specific purpose statement

"To persuade my audience that the U.S. space program provides many important benefits to people here on earth" is an example of a(n)

specific purpose statement.

According to your textbook, which of the following is a factor in situational audience analysis?

the size of the audience