Pure Substances and Mixtures Mid Unit Science Test

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Mechanical Mixture

(aka Heterogeneous Mixture) a substance in which the particles are not uniformly scattered.

Describe The 5 Main Points of Particle Theory

1. All matter is made up of particles (elements and compounds) 2. There are empty spaces between the particles. 3. Particles are always moving. 4. Particles have attractive forces between them. 5. The spaces between particles expand when heated and the particles move faster.

solution

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances

element

A pure substance that cannot be broken down into any other substances by chemical or physical means

law

A rule that explains aspects of the natural universe but can not explain why

Solid

A state of matter that has a definite shape and volume

Liquid

A state of matter that has no definite shape but has a definite volume.

Gas

A state of matter with no definite shape or volume

compound

A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds. It cannot be easily separated. A chemical reaction must occur to separate elements.

soluble

Able to be dissolved

Table Salt (Element, Compound, or Mixture)

Compound

Water (Element, Compound, or Mixture)

Compound

insoluble

Does not dissolve

Gold (Element, Compound, or Mixture)

Element

Hydrogen (Element, Compound, or Mixture)

Element

Explain why elements and compounds are both pure substances

Elements and compounds are both pure substances because they cannot be split apart by physical or mechanical methods.

Describe the difference between a Mechanical Mixture and a Solution using the particle theory

In a mechanical mixture the particles stay in separate groups, but in a solution the particles are distributed and spread around.

mixture

Matter with two or more types of particles (compounds or elements) that are physically combined, keep their original properties

Pizza (Element, Compound, or Mixture)

Mixture

Salt water (Element, Compound, or Mixture)

Mixture

salad (Element, Compound, or Mixture)

Mixture

Describe the difference between a Pure Substance and a Mixture using the particle theory

Pure Substance- is made up of one type of particle, while a mixture has more than one type of particle.

atom

Smallest particle of matter

solute

Substance being dissolved

Explain how to identify the solute and solvent in a mixture

The part that dissolves is the SOLUTE and it's the smaller part. The larger part, that the substance dissolves INTO is the solvent.

Explain why water is considered the Universal Solvent

There are so many substances that can dissolve into water to make a solution. (BUT... it will NOT dissolve everything...)

theory

When a hypothesis is supported through testing in many different experiments. (If there is evidence it can be disputed and disproven.)

homogeneous mixture

a mixture that is evenly mixed and you can't see the different parts, it all looks the same

heterogeneous mixture

a mixture that is not evenly mixed and you can see the different parts

Particle

a small piece of matter

solvent

causes a substance to dissolve

pure substance

made up of only one thing, can't be broken down into other substances

molecule

smallest unit of an element OR compound,which can be one or more similar atoms in an element OR one or more different atoms in a compound


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