PY 201 Chapter 4 Quiz

Physical dependence on a drug is indicated by the user experiencing ________ as a result of discontinuing use of the drug.

changes in normal bodily functions

Jet lag is a collection of symptoms that results from the mismatch between our internal ___________ cycles and our environment. These symptoms include fatigue, sluggishness, irritability, and insomnia.

circadian

During sleep, the pituitary gland secretes both FSH and LH, which are important in regulating the sleep-wake system.

false

Which term describes the tendency to maintain a balance, or optimal level, within a biological system?

homeostasis

The American Heart Association suggests that meditation might be used in conjunction with more traditional treatments as a way to manage ___________________, although there is not sufficient data for a recommendation to be made.

hypertension

In a ________ dream, people become aware that they are dreaming and can control the dream's content.

lucid

Which of the following is marked by relatively low levels of physical activity and reduced sensory awareness?

sleep

Nicotine is highly addictive, and the use of tobacco products is associated with increased risk of heart disease, stroke, and a variety of cancers.

true

Parasomnia is one of a group of sleep disorders in which unwanted, disruptive motor activity and/or experiences during sleep play a role. These include sleepwalking, restless leg syndrome, and night terrors as examples.

true

Fill in the blank with the correct answer by typing in the box. The pons is important for regulating _________________.

REM

_____________ is characterized by high levels of sensory awareness, thought, and behavior.

Wakefulness

The manifest content of a dream is the _____________ content of a dream, while latent content refers to the hidden meaning of a dream.

actual

The ________ wave is characteristic of stage 1 sleep.

alpha

Some consequences of sleep deprivation include irritability, cognitive impairment, and increased heart rate variability.

true

Individuals undergoing hypnosis ________.

usually have clear memories of the hypnotic experience and are in control of their own behaviors

The hidden meaning of a dream is called the ________ content.

latent

What hormone does the pineal gland release?

melatonin

A(n) ______________ is one of a category of drugs that decrease pain and withdrawal resembles a severe case of the flu and may be given methadone to make withdrawal less difficult.

opioid

Morphine is considered a(n) ________ because it decreases pain.

opioid

Which of the following is a type of sleep disorder in which unwanted, disruptive motor activity occurs?

parasomnia

Sleepwalking, night terrors, and restless leg syndrome are all examples of________.

parasomnias

The sleep disorder in which the sleeper engages in relatively complex behaviors ranging from wandering about to driving an automobile is called _______________.

sleepwalking

Drugs in the ___________ category that affect dopamine neurotransmission often have abuse potential. Drugs in this category include cocaine, amphetamines, cathinones, ecstasy, nicotine, and caffeine.

stimulant

Which of the following is asserted by the social cognitive theory of hypnosis?

People in hypnotic states are performing the social role of a hypnotized person.

Ali is aware of his feelings, emotions, and thoughts. He is also aware of his surroundings, the warmth of the sun, and the sound of nearby traffic. Ali is in a state of ________.

consciousness

Alcohol is considered a ________ because it tends to suppress central nervous system activity.

depressant

Which theory suggests that when people are hypnotized they have voluntarily divided their conscious: one half aware of reality and the other half tuned in to the hypnotist?

dissociative

Meditation has been used to draw out information believed to be buried deeply in someone's memory.

false

Stage 2 of sleep is a transitional phase that occurs between wakefulness and sleep, the period during which we drift off to sleep.

false

Stimulants include sedative-hypnotic drugs and narcotic analgesics, such as ether and morphine.

false

Wakefulness is a state marked by relatively low levels of physical activity and reduced sensory awareness that is distinct from periods of rest that occur during sleep.

false

Mescaline is considered a ________ because it results in profound alterations in sensory and perceptual experiences.

hallucinogenic