pysch ch 6

conditioned response *christmas making u feel warm

a learned response to a previously neutral stimulus

operant conditioning

a type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher

classical conditioning

a type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events

variable-interval schedule

behavior is rewarded at varying amounts of time (restaurant inspection)

instincts are

innate behaviors that are triggered by a broad range of events

reflexes are

innate motor or neural response to specific stimuli

viewing prosocial media increases...

later helping behavior

associative learning

learning that certain events occur together

Rewarding successive approximations toward a target behavior is ________.

shaping

in the bobo doll experiment, what happened

the children kicked and threw the doll due to watching the woman kick the doll, meaning that children are conditioned on how to respond to certain stimuli

Discrimination

the learned ability to distinguish Conditional Stimulus and other irrelevant stimuli

spontaneous recovery

the reappearance, after a pause, of an extinguished conditioned response

unconditioned response *think mouth waters when food comes

the unlearned, naturally occurring response to the unconditioned stimulus (US),

Slot machines reward gamblers with money according to which reinforcement schedule?

variable ratio schedule - most powerful

acquisition

when one links a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus so that the neutral stimulus begins triggering the conditioned response

Who founded operant conditioning?

B.F. Skinner

A stimulus that does not initially elicit a response in an organism is a(n) _________.

Neutral stimulus

Extinction occurs when __________.

The conditioned stimulus is presented repeatedly without being paired with an unconditioned stimulus

positive reinforcement

Increasing behaviors by presenting positive stimuli, such as food. A positive reinforcer is any stimulus that, when presented after a response, strengthens the response.

In Watson's experiment, Little Albert was conditioned to fear a white rat, and then he began to be afraid of other furry white objects. This demonstrates ________.

Stimulus generalization

the effects of being antisocial are that

abusive parents may have aggression, watching bad tv has affects on sex and bullying and gender roles

Who proposed observational learning and did the bobo doll experiment?

albert bandura

extinction

decrease in the conditioned response when the Unconditional Stimulus is no longer paired with the Conditional Stimulus

a set number of responses must happen before behavior is rewarded is a ______ (IV drip after surgery)

fixed interval schedule

Generalization

for stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus to elicit similar responses, predicts the Unconditional Stimulus

unconditioned stimulus *think someone pushes u

naturally and automatically triggers a response (Unconditioned response is response)

________ is when you take away a pleasant stimulus to stop a behavior.

negative punishment

neutral stimuli

no response before conditioning

Travis was dropping off Jenny from their date. A song was playing on the radio while Travis kissed her for the first time, which gave her a warm fuzzy feeling inside. That night, Jenny was too busy thinking of Travis to fall asleep. She turned on her radio and the song was playing, which gave Jenny the warm fuzzy feeling all over again.

o Unconditional Stimulus: kiss o Unconditional Response: warm fuzziness o Conditional Stimulus: song o Conditional Response: warm fuzziness

Learning is best defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior that ________.

occurs as a result of experience

conditioned stimulus *walk past stinky drain

originally irrelevant stimulus that, after association with an unconditioned stimulus, comes to trigger a conditioned response

learning is

permanent change in behavior or knowledge that is the result of an experience

being prosocial means...

positive models can be used to encourage socially acceptable behavior