Q bank- Pharmacology
The nurse is caring for a client post heart transplant who is being discharged on cyclosporine and azathioprine. Which precautions would be important for the nurse to teach the client? 1. Avoid crowds. 2. Do not obtain live vaccinations. 3. Drink at least 3 liters of fluids per day and watch the urine for sediment. 4. Use a soft-bristled brush to clean your teeth. 5. Advise to use contraceptive measures during treatment.
1, 2, 4, and 5 correct. both cyclosporine and azathioprine are immunosuppressants. Client should be taught to protect themselves from sources of infection. Vaccinations are not given to immunocompromised clients. Avoidance of crowds will decrease the clients chance of contact with infections, especially those spread by droplets as a general rule significantly in immunosuppressed clients should not receive live vaccines. Cyclosporine may cause growth of extra tissue in your gums so use a dentist regularly. These drugs are teratogenic. Client should avoid pregnancy while on these medications. 3. incorrect: drinking 3 liters of fluids per day will not prevent renal impairment.
A primary healthcare provider has prescribed chlorpromazine 150 mg by mouth twice a day. The pharmacy sends chlorpromazine oral concentration: 100 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer for each dose? Round answer using one decimal point.
1.5 ml
Jurst LJurst Jurst An elderly client with a recent diagnosis of atrial fibrillation ( AF ) caused by valvular heart disease , tells the nurse , " My daughter has AF and she only has to take one dabigatran pill a day . I have to take warfarin daily and have my blood checked every month . Why do I have to do all of this ? " What education would the nurse provide to the client ? 1. Your daughter's atrial fibrillation must not be caused by a heart valve problem so she can take a medication that does not require routine clotting studies 2. Each primary healthcare provider may treat this dysrhythmia differently based on what the provider is used to to st prescribing . 3. When your daughter gets older , her primary healthcare provider will switch her to warfarin for the treatment of atrial fibrillation . 4. Your atrial fibrillation is caused by a heart valve problem which is treated best by warfarin , but clotting studies have to be done routinely
4. Correct . This client has a risk factor that , warrants more aggressive treatment . Typically warfarin is given to treat AF in the elderly with compounding risk factors 1 Incorrect Risk factors are the deciding factors for treatment . 2. Incorrect Typical regimens are based on risk factors . 3 Incorrect . The primary healthcare provider will assess the daughter when older and based on the assessment and risk factors determine if treatment should be changed .
Which medication should the nurse administer first after receiving the morning shift report ? 1. Levothyroxine to the client with hypothyroidism and a thyroid stimulating hormone ( TSH ) level of 2.8 mU / L 2 Amlodipine to the client with hypertension and a blood pressure of 150/86 3. Regular insulin sliding scale dose to the client with diabetes and a 210 mg / dL ( 11.7 mmol / L ) blood glucose level . 4 Cefotaxime intravenous piggyback to the newly admitted client with a diagnosis of pneumonia and a white blood cell count WBC ) of 12,000mm3 ( 12 ( 10 ^ 9L )
4. The first dose of intervenous antibiotic medication as a priority since the WBC's are elevated and antibiotic should be administered first.
A client diagnosed with active tuberculosis has been prescribed Isoniazid 300 mg by mouth every day. What should the nurse teach this client One. Notify your healthcare provider if your urine turns dark Two. Your healthcare provider has prescribed B6 along with the Isoniazid to prevent neuritis. Three. You should avoid eating aged cheeses and smoked fish. Four. Eight food such as tuna twice a week. Five. Rise slowly from line to setting or sitting to standing.
One, two, three, five. Signs of a para toxicity from this medication include dark, urine, jaundice, and clay, colored stool, isoniazid induced paroxetine, (vitamin B6) depletion causes neurotoxic affects. Vitamin B6 supplementation of 10 to 50 mg usually comes companies Isoniazid use. Aged cheeses and smoke. Fish are high in tyramine which can cause palpitations, flushing, a blood pressure elevation, while taking this medicine. Avoid these foods during treatment. This medicine should be taken on an empty stomach, one hour before or two hours after food. Some clients experience orthostatic hypotension while taking this medicine so caution against rapid positional changes.
The nurse is assessing the injection site of a healthy client who received Mantoux skin test 48 hours ago, which, finding at the injection site, indicates a need for further evaluation? One. 16mm induration two. 4 mm a erythrokeratodemia Three. 0.1 ML bluish color hard well Four. Multiple fluid field vesicles.
One. Space and integration of 50 mm or greater is usually considered positive and people who have normally or mildly impaired immunity a client with positive reaction and 15 mm or greater will need further evaluation by primary health care provider.
The primary healthcare provider prescribes phenytoin for a client with grand mal seizures. What intervention with the nurse plan for the clients care? One off of the client, frequent high calorie Two check the apical pulse before each dose Three perform or assist with oral hygiene every shift Four give him medication 30 minutes prior to a meal
Three PHENYTOIN is an anticonvulsant. It works by slow down impulses in the brain Nicole seizures and major side effect is gingival hyperplasia oral hygiene is important for decreasing. This complication with a client is on this medication.
The client admitted for replacement of heart. Stents was started on clopidogrel. The nurse knows that a daily assessment of his client should include what data. 1. monitoring of intake and output 2. Check daily liver function test 3. Assess tools for tarry appearance. 4. Monitor daily platelet count. 5. Assess for new ecchymosis.
Three, four, five, correct Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet prescribe for individuals with peripheral artery disease to help prevent heart attacks and strokes. This medication can be used alone or with aspirin to avoid serious or life-threatening complications in a client following placement of coronary stents side effects my include both internal and external bleeding there, for monitoring stools, for the presence of blood is important the action of clopidogrel inhibits platelet aggregation, and therefore is scheduled platelet counts would be important. Additional assessment data may include observing for unusual, bruising, or at the most, is occurring in the absence of any injury.
A client who is 20 weeks pregnant and diagnosed with pelvic inflammatory disease is given a prescription for Metronidazole . What should the nurse inform the client to avoid an order for food to prevent an interaction with Metronidazole? One furosemide Two alcohol Three doxycycline Four St. John's wort
Two Metronidazole is an antibiotic used for the treatment of vaginal infections. Mentioned it at all, and alcohol can interact with each other's, causing severe nausea and vomiting, as well as cramping and flushed appearance.
A client was started on captopril three weeks ago and has returned to the health clinic for a check up. What symptoms need a journey assessment with a nurse considerate of priority concern? One rash on both arms Two fever of 102.0°F. Three dry hacking cough For tachycardia
Two One potentially life-threatening side effect of captopril is infection secondary to neutropenia a drastic decrease in white cells, leave the body vulnerable to any number of infections or diseases. The temperature is high as 102.0°F should be reported to the healthcare provider immediately for further explanation .
A client with asthma uses it entailed corticosteroid inhaler. What teaching should the nurse provide to decrease the risk of an oral fungal infection? One less than the exposure of the oral mucosa to the ICS by exhaling rapidly Two rinse mouth completely, and brush teeth, following use of the ICS Three use alcohol based mouth rinses with ICS Four drink water prior to using the ICS
Two Thrush is an oral fungal infection, which is one of the most common side effects of ICS use. Up to 1/3 of all clients on ICS develop this infection. One thing and brushing helps remove the medication residual from the oral because of an upper pharyngeal area.
In which situation should the nurse notify the primary healthcare provider of a medication incident? One every occurrence Two client is harm or dies. Three medication. Incident is a near miss Four. nurse administers an incorrect dosage five client questions to medication color.
Two and four The primary healthcare provider should be notified if James brought to the client or death occurs as a result of the medication incident. The primary healthcare provider should be notified if the nurse administers an incorrect dosage to client and an incident report needs to be completed in the situation.