Questions

B. Antipsychotics Tardive Dyskinesia results in abnormal movements in the face and body.

Which of the following classes of medications can result in Tardive Dyskinesia? A. Stimulants B. Antipsychotics C. Antidepressants D. Anxiolytics

B. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors are a type of anti-depressant associated with dietary restrictions on food that contain tyramine.

Which of the following classes of medications involves dietary restrictions on tyramine? A. Antipsychotics B. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors C. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors D. Tricyclics

C. A 10-year-old girl whose parents are going through a divorce Group work can be quite helpful for children who are experiencing difficult life stressors, such as divorcing parents. Contradictions for group work include clients who are in crisis, individuals who are suicidal, clients who are actively psychotic or paranoid, and individuals who are compulsively needy for attention.

Which of the following clients is the most appropriate for group work? A. A 20-year-old male recently experiencing his first psychotic break B. A 35-year-old woman recently admitted to a psychiatric hospital for suicidal gestures C. A 10-year-old girl whose parents are going through a divorce D. An elderly man whose apartment just burned down.

A. They involve working with different size units of intervention. There are different levels of social work practice—macro, mezzo, and micro. The macro level intervenes on a large scale, such as with communities. Micro social work, the most common type of practice, involves working directly with an individual or a family. The mezzo level falls right in between the macro and micro levels, and involves working with smaller groups and institutions.

Which of the following distinguishes between advocacy for micro, mezzo, and macro client systems? A. They involve working with different size units of intervention. B. They are based on different social work values. C. The aims of the intervention are vastly different. D. They require unique skill sets and different educational degrees.

C. Ativan Ativan is a drug that is commonly used to treat anxiety. Elavil, is a tricyclic anti-depressant commonly used to treat Depression. Ritalin is the most common drug used to treat Attention Deficit Disorder. Antabuse is a drug commonly used to treat Substance Abuse.

Which of the following drug is used to treat anxiety: A. Elavil B. Ritalin C. Ativan D. Antabuse

A. Lithium Lithium is a mood stabilizer which involves periodic testing in the blood, which can become toxic if misregulated. Ativan, Xanax, and Klonopin are all benzodiazepines.

Which of the following drugs would involve a periodic checking of blood levels for toxicity? A. Lithium B. Ativan C. Xanax D. Klonopin

B. Problems with law enforcement

Which of the following has been eliminated from the diagnosis of Substance Use Disorder? A. Work problems B. Problems with law enforcement C. Scholastic problems D. Cravings

D. A social worker and client must use interaction in the helping relationship to understand why problems exist and how they can be addressed.

Which of the following is MOST critical in order for change to occur? A. A social worker and client must have a clear understanding of the rules that must be followed in service delivery. B. A social worker and client must acknowledge that they both have roles in fixing the problem. C. A social worker and client must realize that change is usually incremental. D. A social worker and client must use interaction in the helping relationship to understand why problems exist and how they can be addressed.

B. Feeling lonely or disconnected Feeling lonely or disconnected is an emotional/psychological symptom of trauma.

Which of the following is NOT a physical sign of abuse or neglect? A. Avoiding eye contact or interaction B. Feeling lonely or disconnected C. Aggression towards others D. Self-destruction

A. Requiring that all consent forms are stored in the client's file

Which of the following is NOT an essential part of obtaining a client's informed consent? A. Requiring that all consent forms are stored in the client's file B. Informing the client of payment expected and consequences for nonpayment of fees C. Explaining what services will be provided, including risks and benefits to the client D. Ensuring the client understands service alternatives

B. the oldest child graduates from high school and is allowed to choose where he goes to college Families with open boundaries have members who are allowed to come and go freely without much restriction, whereas families with closed boundaries have tight restrictions about who can be brought into the family system.

Which of the following would not occur in a family system with closed boundaries? A. The wife of a married couple tries to verbalize her dissatisfaction with the relationship but is quickly shut down by her husband. B. the oldest child graduates from high school and is allowed to choose where he goes to college C. A child is physically and emotionally abused over a period of years D. A spouse must ask permission from the other before making plans

C. Evolutionary John Bowlby suggested that children come into the world preprogrammed to form attachments with others because these attachments will help them to survive. This perspective views bonding within an evolutionary context in which a caregiver provides security and safety for a child.

Which perspective of bonding is based on the belief that humans come into the world preprogrammed to form attachments because they help them survive by providing security and safety? A. Systems B. Learned behavior C. Evolutionary D. Cognitive dissonance

A. Compassion fatigue

Which term refers to the natural outcome of the prolonged exposure of helping professionals to stressful situations? A. Compassion fatigue B. Posttraumatic stress disorder C. Secondary traumatic stress D. Disaster response

A. ABAB C. ABA

Which two of the following represents a reversal or multiple baseline design? A. ABAB B. AB C. ABA D. A

C. Ask the group members to tell the client how they are being affected by the behavior According to group intervention theory, allowing the group to respond to disruptive behavior assists in group cohesiveness and is part of the stages of group development. Ignoring the disruptive behavior risks creating group disequilibrium; surveying group members negates the group process. Confrontation of the client during the session is not an appropriate role for a support group facilitator.

While a social worker is facilitating a weekly support group, a client becomes very disruptive. What should the social worker do? A. Ignore the disruptive behavior and speak to the client about the behavior after the group. B. Survey group members and decide how to respond based on their responses to the behavior C. Ask the group members to tell the client how they are being affected by the behavior D. Stop the group and confront the client on the behavior in front of the members.

B. Wernicke's aphasia

Which of the following is not associated with the chronic abuse of alcohol? A. Wernicke's encephalopathy B. Wernicke's aphasia C. Korsakoff's syndrome D. Delirium tremens

B. Even when handled judiciously and skillfully, self-disclosure cannot enhance the therapeutic alliance. When handled judiciously and skillfully, self-disclosure can strengthen the therapeutic alliance and facilitate client trust.

Which of the following is not true related to social worker self-disclosure to a client? A. Self-disclosure can be an indicator of blurred boundaries between a social worker and a client. B. Even when handled judiciously and skillfully, self-disclosure cannot enhance the therapeutic alliance. C. There are no clear guidelines about when self-disclosure by a social worker is acceptable, making the issue complex. D. Most situations can be handled appropriately with little or no self-disclosure by the social worker.

C. Rorschach Inkblot

Which of the following is one of the most widely used projective tests? A. WISC-IV B. Stanford-Binet C. Rorschach Inkblot D. Myers-Briggs

A. A maladaptive feeling or behavior that is unconsciously directed toward socially acceptable and adaptive channels

Which of the following is the BEST definition of sublimation? A. A maladaptive feeling or behavior that is unconsciously directed toward socially acceptable and adaptive channels B. The ability to perceive things dichotomously—all good or all bad C. Impulsive drives that are unconsciously constrained by the ego D. The tendency of families to use preferred methods of interaction and communication patterns

B. Ego strength Ego strength is the ability of the ego to effectively deal with the demands of the id, the superego, and reality. It is the basis for resilience and helps maintain emotional stability by coping with internal and external stress. Family therapy and group work can help build positive ego strength, but neither are the basis for it. Emotional readiness refers to a client's ability to engage in the therapeutic process and create change

Which of the following is the basis for resilience and helps maintain emotional stability by coping with internal and external stress? A. Family therapy B. Ego strength C. Group work D. Emotional readiness

B. Involuntary behavior

Which of the following is the best description of respondent behavior? A. Reflexive behavior B. Involuntary behavior C. Both voluntary and involuntary behavior D. Voluntary behavior

B. Needle marks, sweating Red eyes and loss of motivation are characteristic of cannabis use. Dilated pupils and anxiety are characteristic of cocaine use Tooth loss and skin damage are characteristic of methamphetamine use.

Which of the following is the most characteristic of someone abusing heroin? A. Tooth loss, skin damage B. Needle marks, sweating C. Dilated pupils, anxiety D. Red eyes, loss of motivation

D. DSM-5 It was published in 2013 and followed the DSM-IV-TR.

Which of the following is the most current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders used by social workers? A. DSM-IV-TR B. DSM-IV C. DSM-6 D. DSM-5

A. It is a federal program. Medicare is a federal health program available to individuals age 65 and older.

Which of the following is true about Medicare: A. It is a federal program. B. It is available to women with children under the age of 21 C. It is an income-tested program D. It provides a cash supplement to assist parents in caring for their children in their own homes.

D. Most children who are sexually victimized do not perpetrate against others.

Which of the following is true about child sexual abuse? A. It is a problem that is limited to certain cultural or socioeconomic groups. B. Victims are likely to have physical injuries of the genitals. C. Most child molestation is done by unknown perpetrators. D. Most children who are sexually victimized do not perpetrate against others.

B. The social environment changes in response to human factors.

Which of the following is true regarding the social environment? A. Human growth and development are independent of the social environment. B. The social environment changes in response to human factors. C. The social environment consists of the client's geographical location and surrounding climate. D. Social workers are called to intervene in the social environment by advocating for changes in policy and legislation.

B. Concerta Diovan is used to treat heart disease/heart failure. Celexa and Lexapro are antidepressants used to treat anxiety and depression.

Which of the following is used to treat Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder? A. Diovan B. Concerta C. Celexa D. Lexapro

B. AB Single-subject designs aim to determine whether an intervention has the intended impact on an individual, or on many individuals who form a group. The most common single-subject research design is pre-post design, also called a single-case study, in which there is a comparison of behavior before treatment (baseline, denoted by an "A") and behavior after the start of treatment (intervention, denoted by a "B").

Which of the following represents a pre-post or single-case study design? A. ABAB B. AB C. ABA D. A

C. Heroin Heroin is a Narcotic. In general, narcotics are the most addictive of substances.

Which of the following substances is the most addictive: A. Alcohol B. Marijuana C. Heroin D. Prescription pain killers

C. Hypomanic Hypomanic refers to a mood state short of full mania that lacks psychotic features and is characterized by a notably elevated, expansive, or irritable mood.

Which of the following terms describes an elevated, expansive, or irritable mood that is less severe than manic symptoms? A. Paramanic B. Postmanic C. Hypomanic D.Pseudomanic

D. Somatization

Which of the following terms refers to making physical complaints without having a specific diagnosis? A. Ethnopathology B. Developmental disorder C. Culture-bound syndrome D. Somatization

D. Skinner Bandura: Social school of learning Maslow: Humanist school of learning Piaget: Cognitive school of learning

Which of the following theorists saw learning as a change in behavior and stimuli? A. Bandura B. Maslow C. Piaget D. Skinner

B. an exchange of energy and resources that promotes growth and transformation

Negative entropy within a system is BEST described as: A. a steady state in which balance is achieved B. an exchange of energy and resources that promotes growth and transformation C. a closed system that is using up its energy and deteriorating D. a product of a system that can subsequently be used as an input

C. Testing

A threat to internal validity based on the belief that exposure to repeated testing, not the intervention, influenced a client's behavior is called: A. History B. Mortality C. Testing D. Selection bias

C. Statistical regression

A threat to internal validity based on the belief that extreme attitudes and behaviors tend to move toward the mean regardless of the impacts of the intervention is called: A. Instrumentation B. Testing C. Statistical regression D. Maturation

C. Regression

A 3-year old child who has been potty trained since he was 18 months old begins wetting his pants on a regular basis. This started right around the time his sister was born. The child is MOST LIKELY utilizing which defense mechanism: A. Denial B. Repression C. Regression D. Displacement

B. Undoing Undoing is performing an act to "undo" a previous unacceptable act. In this case, the client is buying his wife flowers and a ring to try to eradicate the fight that they had previously. Symbolization is when a mental image is unconsciously represented by an object or another thought. Reaction formation is acting in a manner opposite of one's unconscious belief. Projective identification is what is commonly referred to as a "self-fulfilling prophecy" because it occurs when a person begins to identify with the impulses being projected on them and they act in a manner consistent with this projection.

A client gets into a fight with his wife and buys her flowers and a ring several days later. These gifts are an example of: A. Symbolization B. Undoing C. Reaction formation D. Projective identification

D. Vitamin B1

A client has recently been diagnosed with Korsakoff's syndrome. Related to this disorder, the client is MOST likely receiving: A. Vitamin C B. Zinc C. Antibiotics D. Vitamin B1

D. confrontation Confrontation is calling attention to something. In this case, the social worker is pointing out to the client that her actions are not consistent with her prior statements.

A client who always said that she loves her job now reports that she is quitting because she "can't stand it anymore." A social worker replies with, "This is surprising because you have always said that you were happy there." The statement by the social worker is a(n): A. reflection B. validation C. interpretation D. confrontation

A. Refer the client to a health care professional to rule out any medical causes for the lethargy.

A client is reporting feeling very tired and having trouble getting out of bed. He has recently experienced a lot of stress at work. In order to best serve the client, a social worker should first: A. Refer the client to a health care professional to rule out any medical causes for the lethargy. B. Determine if the source of the stress could be coming from other changes in the client's life C. Begin teaching him techniques to deal with stress D. Explore with the client what issues at work may be causing the stress

C. Probe the client about the reason for the silence The social worker should probe the client about the silence as a way of facilitating communication on issues related to the question.

A client is telling a social worker about her childhood. When asked about her relationship with her siblings, the client does not say anything for a long period of time. In this situation, the social worker should: A. Remain silent to allow the client time to reflect on the question. B. Ask a question on another topic because it is obvioous that the client does not want to discuss her sibling relationships C. Probe the client about the reason for the silence D. State that many children have problems with their siblings and urge the client to express any issues that existed.

C. Educate the client about the stages of addiction and recovery The client would benefit the most from gaining more insight into the dynamics of addiction and recovery, which could help the client think about next steps. The client doesn't report experiencing an emotional gain from the dysfunction, so there is no indication of codependency.

A client meets with a social worker to discuss a family member's alcohol dependency. The client is frustrated and is having difficulty coping with the family member's behavior. What is the social worker's most appropriate response? A. Evaluate the client's possible codependency issues B. Prepare the client to slowly disengage from the family member C. Educate the client about the stages of addiction and recovery D. Provide the client information about Alcoholics Anonymous

A. Confusion or delirium Confusion or delirium are changes in consciousness or mental signs of problems.

A client reports that he is having problems with neurological functioning and is being seen by his physician for additional testing. Which of the follow is NOT a physical neurologic symptom? A. Confusion or delirium B. Pain or weakness C. Involuntary movements D. Visual or auditory changes

A. Muscular/skeletal Fibromyalgia is characterized by widespread pain, diffuse tenderness, and a number of other symptoms. Although fibromyalgia is often considered an arthritis-related condition, it doesn't cause inflammation or damage to the joints, muscles, or other tissues. Like arthritis, fibromyalgia can cause significant pain and fatigue, and it can interfere with a person's ability to carry on daily activities. It's considered a rheumatic condition, a medical condition that impairs the joints and/or soft tissues. Most of those diagnosed with fibromyalgia are women.

A client reports that she has been diagnosed with fibromyalgia. Which of the following systems within the body are most affected by this medical condition? A. Muscular/skeletal B. Circulatory C. Reproductive D. Immune

A. Paraphrasing

A client says that he feels "extremely depressed," and goes into great detail about the reasons why. The social worker responds by replying with a summary of what she has been told. Which technique is the social worker using? A. Paraphrasing B. Describing C. Reframing D. Validating

D. Determine the client's suicide risk and protective factors

A client states that she feels like hurting herself but will not act on her urges so the social worker "should not worry." To most appropriately address the client's needs, the social worker should FIRST: A. Complete an assessment to determine the reason(s) for the depression B. Refer the client to a psychiatrist for an evaluation for antidepressants C. Assure the client of concern about her well-being in order to alleviate her anxieties D. Determine the client's suicide risk and protective factors

D. Posttraumatic stress

A client tells a social worker about recently being hit by a car. The client feels anxious and sad, and is unable to recall details of the accident. What condition is the client most likely experiencing? A. Generalized anxiety B. Amnesia C. Depression D. Posttraumatic stress

D. State that many people have encountered similar difficulties and that the social worker is there to help The client may feel isolated or alone because he has never met anyone with similar problems. It is important to acknowledge that each client's situation is unique, but a social worker must also instill hope by making it clear that others have made changes or overcome similar challenges.

A client tells a social worker that he feels "alone" and does not think that anyone else is having the same problems that he is experiencing. In order to assist the client, it is BEST that the social worker: A. Ask the client to explain further what he means by feeling "alone" B. Determine whether the client is at risk for suicide and in need of hospitalization C. Refer the client to counseling for depression D. State that many people have encountered similar difficulties and that the social worker is there to help

A. Active listening

A client tells a social worker, "My wife never listens to what I'm saying and my boss thinks I'm no good." The social worker replies, "So you feel ignored by your wife and disrespected by your boss." The social worker is engaging in: A. Active listening B. Universalization C. Reframing D. Relabeling

C. Reaction formation Reaction formation is adopting attitudes, beliefs, and/or feelings contrary to what is actually believed unconsciously. It also may be acting differently than what would be expected given a client's unconscious views. For example, a client treats someone that he or she dislikes in an overly friendly manner. Splitting is viewing people or things as all good or all bad. Substitution is replacing an unattainable goal, emotion, or object with a more realistic or acceptable one. Undoing is trying to erase a thought or feeling by doing something that is based on the opposite thought or feeling.

A client who acts in a manner opposite of his or her unconscious beliefs is MOST likely using which of the following defense mechanisms? A. Substitution B. Splitting C. Reaction formation D. Undoing

D. Provide a copy of the record for the client after including a summary of the recent interaction for its request. Social workers should only limit client access to their files when there is compelling evidence that it would cause the client serious harm which is not the case in this situation.

A client who has been receiving case management services from a social worker stops coming to the agency abruptly. Several weeks later, the client comes to see the social worker and asks for a copy of her record. Although the social worker does not think that there is anything in the record that would be harmful to the client, he is concerned about the client's abrupt termination. The social worker should: A. Tell the client that the record will be provided once appropriate termination has occurred. B. Refuse to provide a copy of the record to the client directly, but agree that it will be sent to a new service provider once selected. C. Inform the client that the record is confidential and cannot be provided because it is needed for administrative purposes. D. Provide a copy of the record for the client after including a summary of the recent interaction for its request.

C. Denial The client is using denial, the most common defense mechanism. She is failing to acknowledge the reality of her mother's prognosis. Repression is forcing thoughts into the unconscious (i.e., forgetting them). Displacement is shifting negative beliefs or negative impulses to less threatening targets. Conversion occurs when a repressed urge manifests itself in a disturbance of a bodily function.

A client's mother is now receiving hospice and is confined to her bed as she is too weak to walk due to symptoms associated with her terminal cancer. The client says that her mother will be fine and her health will improve enough for her to be removed from hospice shortly. The client is MOST likely using the defense mechanism of: A. Repression B. Displacement C. Denial D. Conversion

D. Ritalin

A drug that is frequently used to treat Attention Deficit Disorder is: A. Haldol B. Prozac C. Ativan D. Ritalin

C. Explain the factors that can affect bladder control in children It is unusual for a nine-year-old child to frequently wet the bed. The social worker needs to focus first on helping the parent gain perspective and context by explaining the factors that can affect bladder control in children.

A family preservation social worker is planning an overnight trip for children of families receiving services. One of the parents informs the social worker that her nine-year-old will not be able to go on the trip because of frequent bed-wetting. The parent expresses frustration about the situation. What should the social worker do first? A. Offer to speak privately to the child about the situation B. Recommend that the parent buy disposable undergarments for the child C. Explain the factors that can affect bladder control in children D. Schedule the child for a full medical examination

C. limited input from outside systems

A family with extremely rigid boundaries is likely to have: A. few restrictions for family members B. little interaction among family members C. limited input from outside systems D. loose bonds among family members

A. Isolation of affect Isolation of affect is a defense mechanism where memories are separated from their accompanying feelings. Repression is the primary defense mechanism where a person pushes out of consciousness certain memories that cause anxiety. Dissociation is a defense mechanism in which the individual separates or postpones thoughts or feelings that would normally accompany a situation. Displacement is a defense mechanism used to reduce anxiety that accompanies certain thoughts, feelings or wishes by transferring them to another thought, feelings or wish that is more acceptable.

A grocery store manager was held at gunpoint by two robbers. He is fully aware and can account for the details of the incident, however, does not have any emotional feelings about the incident. This individual is likely utilizing which defense mechanism: A. Isolation of affect B. Repression C. Dissociation D. Displacement

Integrity v Despair

A person who has learned to integrate positive and negative experiences and who then accepts end of life issues is most likely in what stage of psychosocial development? A. Initiative v Guilt B. Intimacy v Isolation C. Generativity v Stagnation D. Integrity v Despair

B. Split-Half Split Half is a Reliability Test where the researcher looks for a correlation between scores achieved by a group of subjects on one half of the test and the scores of a group on another similar part of the same test. Other reliability tests are Test-Retest and Inter-rater reliability.

A researcher testing the reliability of his results constructs an instrument containing twice as many items as needed, half of which are repetitive or redundant. This reliability test is known as: A. Test-Retest B. Split-Half C. Concurrent Testing D. Inter-rater

A. Reliable Results of a study that are consistently obtained over many trials is referred to as Reliable. This does not mean that they are valid. Validity refers to the accuracy of the results. If results are valid, they must be reliable.

A result of a research study that is consistent over several trials is: A. Reliable B. Valid C. Valid and Reliable D. Accurate

C. Identification with the aggressor Identification with the aggressor is the defense mechanism used when a person begins to take on characteristics of a powerful aggressor. This is done to compensate for feelings of helplessness by using aggressive behavior to achieve a feeling of power after having felt powerless.

A school social worker is seeing a young boy about his recent behavior. This behavior involves instances of physical aggression and teasing of classmates. Though the boy is of small size, he has begun to bully others in play environments. During the first interview, it's established that the boy is likely being abused by his father. Which defense mechanism is the boy most likely using? A. Projection B. Projective identification C. Identification with the aggressor D. Devaluation

C. Educate the students about the addictive properties of electronic cigarettes. The best response is to address the students' knowledge gaps directly and explain that electronic cigarettes also pose a health risk.

A school social worker is talking with a group of middle school students about smoking cigarettes. There is a general agreement among the students that occasional use of electronic cigarettes is safe. What should the social worker do to best respond to the discussion? A. Inform the students that smoking can lead to other drug use B. Discuss the impact of peer pressure on smoking behavior C. Educate the students about the addictive properties of electronic cigarettes. D. Remind the students that electronic cigarettes create offensive odors.

A. Displacement Displacement is shifting thoughts, attitudes, or behaviors to a less threatening target. In this case, the student can't strike back at her abusive parents, so she's displaying displaced aggression toward other children. Reaction formation is acting in a manner opposite of one's unconscious belief. Projection is attributing one's attitudes, wishes, feelings, and/or urges to another; the attitudes, wishes, feelings, and/or urges are so threatening that they are removed from oneself and attributed to another. Incorporation is taking values, attitudes, expectations, and preferences of another into one's own identity.

A school social worker learns that a 10-year-old student has just been placed in foster care because physical abuse by her parents has been substantiated. The social worker has had many referrals for this student in recent weeks concerning incidents of bullying other children. This student's behavior is MOST likely a result of: A. Displacement B. Reaction formation C. Projection D. Incorporation

A. Build on strengths associated with the family's heritage The social worker must begin by building a relationship with the parents, who believe the student is expressing cultural pride by joining a gang. The best way to accomplish this is to build on the strengths of the family's heritage. Discussing options for expressing cultural identity is condescending and doesn't address the issue at hand, while offering ideas for possible school activities demonstrates a lack of understanding about the meaning of gang membership. Because the student is already a member of a gang, discussing the warning signs of gang membership would be unproductive.

A school social worker meets with the parents of a student who was referred for issues related to gang membership. The parents disagree with the reasons for the referral. They insist that the student was expressing cultural pride and is being discriminated against. What should the social worker do to best achieve a helping relationship with the student and parents? A. Build on strengths associated with the family's heritage B. Discuss warning signs of gang membership C. Present ideas for the student's involvement in school activities D. Discuss other options that allow the student to express cultural identity

D. reaction formation

A secretly homosexual man making public statements about the evils of same-sex relationships is an example of: A. sublimation B. isolation of affect C. regression D. reaction formation

A. Distinctive facial features

A social worker is working with a child who has fetal alcohol syndrome. What symptom would the child most likely have? A. Distinctive facial features B. Intense reactions to external stimuli C. Repetitive body movements D. A suppressed immune system

B. AB A single subject design is represented as AB, where A = the baseline and B = the treatment.

A single subject design is represented as: A. A B. AB C. ABAB D. n = 1

C. Case conference This requires an understanding of the definition of a case conference, which involves peer review of cases. Group supervision may include input from peers, but it is anchored to the supervisor.

A social worker attends a social work staff meeting where cases are presented for peer review. What type of meeting is this? A. Group supervision B. In-service training C. Case conference D. Interdisciplinary staff meeting

C. Internal validity Internal validity is the confidence that one thing (the independent variable) caused another (the dependent variable). In this vignette, the social worker is concerned that the skills program (the independent variable) isn't causing all of the observed improvement in skills (the dependent variable), but thinks these changes may be due to economic and other extraneous factors. Thus, the social worker is concerned with selection biases or other differences between clients who received the intervention in one location as opposed to another. The social worker thinks these differences in the client populations may have caused differential outcomes. External validity is ability to generalize findings to other settings and populations. Reliability is the ability to get the same conclusion repeatedly and is based on dependability, stability, consistency, and predictability

A social worker discovers that clients in a skills training group at one agency location are performing better than those at another. The social worker thinks that the difference is due to socioeconomic and extraneous factors not related to the program. The social worker is concerned with threats to which of the following? A. Multicollinearity B. Reliability C. Internal validity D. External validity

B. Refer the client to a physician to rule out any medical condition Changes in memory warrant referral to a physician to address possible physical causes. The social worker should not assume that these changes are a normal part of aging. Referral for psychological testing would come only after physiological issues have been ruled out, and asking for family input does not address the client's immediate concern.

A social worker employed by a nursing home is interviewing an 82-year-old client. The client complains of changes in memory and appears somewhat distraught about it. What is the social worker's best response? A. Encourage the client to accept these changes as normal part of aging B. Refer the client to a physician to rule out any medical condition C. Refer the client to a psychologist for thorough testing D. Ask the client's family members for input on the complaint

A. Burnout

A social worker feels overwhelmed by the amount of paperwork that he needs to complete. He is tired, stressed, and overwhelmed by day-to-day tasks. The social worker is MOST likely experiencing: A. Burnout B. Secondary trauma C. Compassion fatigue D. Psychological neurosis

A. Goal-attainment scaling The only option that deals with a group project is goal-attainment scaling. Target-problem scaling (C) would assist in identifying the problem, as would option D. Option B is an outcome measure, but it's an incorrect answer because the committee members are not consumers.

A social worker has been assisting a neighborhood organization in working with a city housing department, urging it to demolish abandoned and unsafe homes in its area. The committee members have asked the social worker to help them develop an instrument that will aid them in determining their level of success in this project. The social worker presents them with an evaluation plan that lists outcomes from "much less than expected" to "much more than expected." This plan is what kind of evaluation tool? A. Goal-attainment scaling B. Consumer satisfaction survey C. Target-problem scaling D. Rapid assessment instrument

C. involving local leaders in developing plans for the area Social change in a community can best be achieved through collaborative community efforts, which can be aided by the engagement of local leads from the start.

A social worker in a community organization can best facilitate social change in a local community by: A. informing community members of the social needs of the community B. developing a research plan to study social problems C. involving local leaders in developing plans for the area D. writing proposals for government funding of new services

B. Interdisciplinary collaboration Interdisciplinary collaborations are when social workers work together with people from other professions.

A social worker in a public health clinic interviews a patient who is pregnant and has HIV. The social worker contacts a physician to help develop a plan of care that is appropriate for this patient. What approach is the social worker demonstrating? A. Role clarification B. Interdisciplinary collaboration C. Reaction formation D. Didactic instruction

B. Validity Validity refers to the concept that research reflects the true characteristics of what the researcher is trying to measure. In this question, the researcher is trying to measure the prevalence of eating disorders college-aged students. Information about college majors, graduation date, home state, nationality, and favorite color likely has no bearing on whether the student has an eating disorder and, therefore, the research may be said to lack validity.

A social worker is designing a research project to study eating disorders in college-aged students. The social worker creates a survey asking students about their college majors, anticipated graduation date, home state, nationality, and favorite color. The research design lacks: A. Reliability B. Validity C. Representative Population D. Representative Sample

A. Devaluation

A social worker is meeting with a client who was just fired from her part-time job. Rather than accepting the fact and moving on, the client has focused the last two sessions on the reasons she was fired. The client has repeatedly said that she was fired because of her lack of experience, poor social skills, unattractive appearance, and her boss's insensitive manner toward employees. What defense mechanism is this client using to cope with being fired? A. Devaluation B. Denial C. Displacement D. Rationalization

D. Referring The initial stage of the professional relationship is the interview or assessment to gain information. Making referrals is part of the intervention stage when the social worker makes decisions about how best to help the client.

A social worker is meeting with an adult male client for the first time to conduct an assessment. The client has recently been through a difficult divorce and is struggling to decide if he should remain in his current job. Of the following, which is not a critical skill the social worker would use to interview this client? A. Paraphrasing B. Questioning C. Reframing D. Referring

C. Denial Rationalization would involve the client acknowledging but excusing the behavior, something the client is not doing.

A social worker is providing services to a client for alcohol use disorder. The client has missed several appointments and arrives for a session smelling of alcohol. The social worker confronts the client about this, but the client reports being sober for a long time. What defense mechanism is the client displaying? A. Displacement B. Rationalization C. Denial D. Projection

C. Lithium carbonate Lithium carbonate is a mood stabilizer for bipolar disorders.

All of the following are popular high blood pressure or high cholesterol medications except: A. Metoprolol B. Lisinopril C. Lithium carbonate D. Simvastatin

A. Homeostasis Homeostasis is the notion that families try to maintain their existing interaction patterns and functioning over time, even if dysfunctional. When there's a change in a family member's behavior, such as the husband in this case, all members are forced to adapt and change. This causes stress within the family system and subsequent conflict. A social worker must be aware that positive changes in a family member, such as becoming sober and seeking treatment for alcohol addiction, can disrupt the existing homeostasis, causing the family to need to learn new ways to communicate and interact with one another.

A social worker learns that a family served by his agency is having problems. They are arguing a lot and have strained interactions. In the last year, the husband who has had a long-standing problem with alcohol addiction has been sober and actively engaged in treatment. He is working after being unemployed for an extended period. This family is most likely experiencing problems due to a change in: A. Homeostasis B. Entropy C. Complementarity D. Negative feedback loops

A. Subjective The social worker's conclusion is based on interpretation, and is thus subjective (A). Anecdotal information is associated with examples of behavior. Although the client's behavior may be evidential, the information itself, as interpreted by the social worker, is subjective. The social worker's conclusion are clearly not the result of objective information.

A social worker meets with a client about issues related to spousal abuse. The social worker observes the client raising his voice and concludes that he is angry with his wife. What kind of information is this observation? A. Subjective B. Objective C. Anecdotal D. Evidential

B. Social Security Income Social Security Income is a benefit to low-income people who are 65 or older; to adults who are disabled or blind; and to children who are disabled or blind. The program is only for people who have very limited income and assets. It's for individuals who haven't worked or not worked enough to quality for Social Security Disability. Social Security Disability is funded through payroll taxes and is considered "insurance" because recipients have worked for a certain number of years and have made contributions toward the benefit. SSDI recipients must be younger than 65 and must have earned a sufficient number of "work credits."

A social worker meets with a family whose 21-year-old daughter with significant developmental disabilities is leaving her educational entitlement and has been found unemployable at this time due to medical concerns. She has never had a job and financial assistance is needed to pay for her living expenses. She has no income or assets. Her parents are working and receive no public benefits. The daughter will MOST likely be eligible for which of the following? A. Unemployment insurance B. Social Security Income C. Social Security Disability D. Workers' compensation

B. Physical injury Tardive dyskinesia is a side effect of taking large doses of antipsychotic medications over a long period of time. It's characterized by involuntary movements, twitching, etc.

A social worker sees in a client file that he is taking hydrocodone. The client is MOST likely taking this prescription for which of the following medical issues? A. Diabetes B. Physical injury C. High blood pressure D. Tardive dyskinesia

C. Sampling

A social worker selects clients to participate in a research project about child abuse. What is the best term for this process? A. Recruitment B. Evaluation C. Sampling D. Assessment

D. Reflection The social worker is directing the client's non-verbal communication back to the client in order to encourage further expression, an example of reflection. The client has provided nothing for the social worker to summarize (B) or rephrase (C). It is also not an example of structuring (A).

A social worker tells a client, "You looked confused when I just explained out agency's policy." What communication technique is the social worker attempting with this statement? A. Structuring B. Summarizing C. Rephrasing D. Reflection

B. Medical model Medical model considers addiction to be a chronic, progressive, relapsing, and potentially fatal disease. Supporters of the model believe that individuals who abuse substances have an inherited vulnerability to addiction, that the use of substances is reinforced by pleasurable feelings that originate in the brain, and that habitual use of substances alters brain chemistry. Self-medication model: substances relieve symptoms of a psychiatric disorder. Family and Environmental model: substance abuse can be found in both family and environmental factors. Social model: drug use is learned and reinforced from others who serve as role models.

A social worker trained in treating substance abuse collects detailed assessments of his clients, particularly asking questions about family history of substance abuse and the client's emotional responses to drinking alcohol and using drugs. This social worker most likely believes which model explains the causes of substance abuse? A. Self-medication model B. Medical model C. Family and environmental model D. Social model

D. Medical model Supporters of the medical model believe that individuals who abuse substances have an inherited vulnerability to addiction, that the use of substances is reinforced by pleasurable feelings in the brain, and habitual use of substances alters brain chemistry.

A social worker trained in treating substance abuse collects detailed assessments of his clients, particularly asking questions about family history of substance use and the emotional responses to drinking alcohol or using drugs. This social worker most likely believes which model explains the causes of substance abuse? A. Social Model B. Family and Environmental Model C. Self-Medication Model D. Medical Model

C. Ask the client to identify areas of concern A strengths approach views the client as the "expert" in their life circumstances. Although some of the response choices may be important for a social worker, such as collecting needed information from collateral sources (B) and ensuring confidentiality forms are signed (D), they are not directly linked to a strengths perspective. Asking the client about concerns is empowering and views the client as a partner in the assessment process. Suggesting coping strategies (A), while perhaps helpful, is not an assessment task.

A social worker using a strengths approach during assessment would: A. Suggest coping strategies that can assist in enhancing resiliency B. Collect information from all collateral contacts C. Ask the client to identify areas of concern D. Ensure that the client has signed all confidentiality forms

C. external validity External validity is the ability to generalize findings to other settings, populations, and so on. It may not be possible to achieve the same results if an intervention was used with those who are in a different setting or with clients who are distinctly different in age, cultural background, or social status.

A social worker who directs a food assistance program is concerned that successful program outcomes found with low-income families will not be achieved if the program was available to single, childless adults and seniors. The social worker is concerned with: A. response bias B. internal validity C. external validity D. measurement error

B. Intelligence scale An intelligence scale measures cognitive and conceptual abilities. Personality inventories are associated with assessment of behaviors and characteristics to assist in diagnoses, whereas perception tests and vocational inventories measure factors other than cognition.

A social worker who is coordinating a job skills program needs to determine the cognitive and conceptual abilities of a client in order to place the client in the appropriate classes. What test would provide the necessary information? A. Perception test B. Intelligence scale C. Personality Inventory D. Vocational inventory

C. Inappropriate because it contains information not relevant for service provision

A social worker who is employed in an after-school program documents in a client's file that he is having problems concentrating when completing his homework as a result of issues at home with his same-gender parents. The social worker's supervisor would consider this entry to be: A. Justification for a referral to a family counseling agency B. Critical in understanding how to support the child within the program C. Inappropriate because it contains information not relevant for service provision D. Incomplete as it did not describe the nature of the problems experienced in the home

B. Maintenance

A social worker works in a crisis center that concentrates on substance abuse treatment. A former client comes in and states that he has been able to stay "clean" for several weeks and that he has managed to avoid temptation and stay away from the people who contributed to his prior substance abuse. Which stage of change does this client currently experience? A. Action B. Maintenance C. Postcontemplation D. Sustenance

B. stereotypical thinking Stereotypical thinking is based on overgeneralization, in this case, expected behavior. It doesn't describe racial typecasting because it describes class expectations rather than racial expectations.

A successful African American/Black neurosurgeon grew up in a one-parent home headed by his mother, who was illiterate and extremely poor. To conclude that the neurosurgeon's achievements are more typical of middle- and upper-class expectations suggests: A. racial typecasting B. stereotypical thinking C. intergenerational mobility D. institutional racism

B. Encourage the employee to discuss feelings about the meeting The employee is struggling with problem identification, but the social worker cannot assist the employee with the issue untila relationship and some level of rapport have been established first. Encouraging the employee to discuss feelings about the meeting and not immediately focusing on the problem identification helps to build that relationship. Once the employee is more engaged and open, the social worker might pursue the other options.

A supervisor mandates that an employee meet with a social worker after repeated absences from work because of alcohol use. The employee acknowledges drinking but denies that it is a problem. What should the social worker do first? A. Talk with the employee about the company's policies related to alcohol use B. Encourage the employee to discuss feelings about the meeting C. Clarify why the employee thinks the supervisor might be concerned D. Complete an alcohol use screening tool with the employee

D. Arrange for her and her parents to be seen together to discuss the issues.

A teenage client states that she is having trouble "getting along" at home. She is always fighting with her parents, despite doing well in school and having a group of good friends. She ends by saying, "I am not sure how much more I can stand." In order to BEST address the situation, the social worker should: A. Suggest that the client enter individual therapy to discuss how to better cope with her stressful home life. B. Explain to the client that a lot of teenagers have the same feelings and that her situation is not atypical. C. Make a referral for a mental health screening to rule out dangerousness to self or other D. Arrange for her and her parents to be seen together to discuss the issues.

D. Maturation

A threat to internal validity based on the belief that a client's attitudes or behaviors changed because of natural maturational occurrences in the life course and not due to the intervention is called: A. Statistical regression B. Mortality C. History D. Maturation

A. Mortality

A threat to internal validity based on the belief that sometimes those who dropped out of treatment were different in some way than those who remained, and these differences rather than the intervention, cased the outcomes is called: A. Mortality B. Instrumentation C. Maturation D. Testing

A. Instrumentation

A threat to internal validity based on the belief that the use of revised or alternates scales and instruments causes differential results rather than the intervention itself causes the noted changes is called: A. Instrumentation B. Mortality C. Statistical regression D. Maturation

B. Withdrawing approval in response to the undesired behavior

According to behavioral theory, what is negative reinforcement? A. Punishing undesired behavior B. Withdrawing approval in response to the undesired behavior C. Controlling the environment for negative behavior D. Expressing criticism about the behavior

A. Negative reinforcement Negative reinforcement removes a negative stimulus to increase a desired behavior. Positive punishment decreases behavior by increasing a negative stimulus. Negative/positive consequence are not terms.

According to Behaviorist theory, which of the following operant techniques increases the probability of a desired behavior? A. Negative reinforcement B. Negative consequence C. Positive punishment' D. Positive consequence

B. Feeling like a nuisance to others At this age, children's assertiveness is tested by planning activities, making up games, and reaching out to organize activities with others. Successful opportunities teach the child that their initiative will be rewarded. Their decision making & ability to lead others can either be justified by success and encouragement or discouraged by excessive control or criticism. The sense of being a nuisance is a further reflection of this passive role created by the failure of this developmental stage.

According to Erikson's psychosocial model of human development, what is one consequence of failing to successfully complete the Initiative v Guilt stage? A. Hopelessness and despair B. Feeling like a nuisance to others C. A sense of role confusion D. A doubt in one's own abilities

D. Identity v Role Confusion

According to Erikson, which stage of psychosocial development is most closely associated with the formation of a personal, stable sense of self? A. Ego Integrity v Despair B. Autonomy v Shame and Doubt C. Initiative v Guilt D. Identity v Role Confusion

B. A "give and take approach" in which minority and majority cultural groups both change to facilitate interactions and achievement of common goals Acculturation is a reciprocal process where both minority and majority cultural groups change in order to facilitate interaction and achieve common goals.

Acculturation is achieved by: A. Members of a minority cultural group adopting the practices and customs of a majority cultural group B. A "give and take approach" in which minority and majority cultural groups both change to facilitate interactions and achievement of common goals C. Both minority and majority cultural groups not altering their practices and customs, but trying to interact harmoniously D. Eliminating cultural differences between those in minority and majority cultural groups

A. Chi Square Chi-Square is a non-parametric test. Nonparametric tests refer to tests that do not have rigid rules or guidelines. On the other hand, Parametric tests refer to "powerful" statistics with rigid rules and guidelines.

All of the following are examples of parametric tests EXCEPT: A. Chi Square B. Analysis of Variance C. Pearson's R D. T-Test

B. Information that the client agrees to share Recall question about concepts around confidentiality. The social worker may disclose only the information the client has agreed to release.

After a client has signed the appropriate release of information forms, what can a social worker share with another agency about the client? A. The entirety of the social worker's knowledge about the client B. Information that the client agrees to share C. Information that is needed to solve the presenting problem D. Copies of the entire case record with a summary that identifies critical issues

D. trying to eliminate others' pain

All of the following are indicators of positive ego strength except: A. Avoiding people who are emotionally draining B. taking responsibility for actions C. Acknowledging painful feelings D. trying to eliminate others' pain

C. The client's coping skills The client is in crisis, making it imperative that the social worker assess the client's capacity to cope with the situation (C) in the short term. The client's financial status (B) is a long-term consideration. Asking about short term plans does not assess the clients trust of the social worker (A) nor does it serve to gauge the client's motivation for services (D).

After a sudden termination from employment, a client meets with a social worker to deal with stress and anger. The social worker asks about the client's plans for the next two weeks. What is the social worker assessing? A. The client's trust of the social worker B. The client's financial status C. The client's coping skills D. The client's motivation for services

A. Splitting

Alice is getting to know her co-worker Mark. When she first meets him, she is impressed by his professional appearance, good manners, and education, and begins to idealize him as the perfect man. Some weeks later, Marks lets it slip in casual conversation that he has been unfaithful to his wife. Immediately Alice decides that Mark is a bad person through and through. Which defense mechanism is Alice using? A. splitting B. undoing C. Substitution D. Repression

B. Testing the child to determine developmental lags or delays Testing is the role of the learning specialist or psychologist, not the social worker.

All of the following are appropriate social work roles during the development of an Individualized Education Plan (IEP) except: A. Completing a family history during the assessment phase B. Testing the child to determine developmental lags or delays C. Observing a child's ability to participate in class and get along with other students D. Ensuring participation by and explaining the IEP process to the family

B. Delirium is characterized by slow and gradual onset while dementia is not. Delirium and dementia are the most common causes of cognitive impairment. Delirium and dementia are separate disorders, but are sometimes difficult to distinguish. One of the differences between delirium and dementia is that the former emerges suddenly with a definite beginning point whereas the latter's onset is slow and gradual, making it difficult to determine the exact date on which dementia started.

All of the following are true about delirium and dementia except: A. In both delirium and dementia, cognition is disordered, but dementia affects mainly memory and delirium affects mainly attention. B. Delirium is characterized by slow and gradual onset while dementia is not. C. Delirium is often reversible while dementia is generally irreversible. D. Delirium can develop in clients with dementia, but is often undiagnosed.

A. Give the client goals to work on

All of the following are ways social workers can enhance client strengths except: A. Give the client goals to work on B. Collaborate with the client C. Create opportunities for learning D. Modify the environment

D. Selection bias Selection bias occurs in research studies when participants are not selected randomly.

All of the following may affect evaluation ratings of social workers except: A. Central tendency bias B. Halo effect C. Leniency bias D. Selection bias

D. Industry v Inferiority According to Erikson, industry v inferiority takes place from age 6 to puberty. During this stage, children should initiate and complete projects, taking pride in their accomplishments. If they are not encouraged to do so or restricted in any way, children will feel inferior and lack confidence in their abilities.

An 11-year-old student is performing well below her academic potential as she lacks confidence in her abilities and is fearful to take on assigned tasks. She is MOST likely experiencing a crisis in which of the following stages of psychosocial development? A. Autonomy v shame and doubt B. Initiative v Guilt C. Generativity v Stagnation D. Industry v Inferiority

A. Obtain a driver's license prior to the legal age to do so

An emancipated minor is able to do all of the following except: A. Obtain a driver's license prior to the legal age to do so B. Sue other people C. Make health care decisions D. Enter into a contract

D. 1 year

An individual who has been diagnosed with substance abuse is in remission. The individual is vulnerable to relapse during the first: A. 30 days B. 3 months C. 6 months D. 1 year

B. Projective Identification Projective Identification is the unconscious modeling of one's self upon another individual's actions, thoughts or behaviors.

An individual who unconsciously perceives the behaviors and attitudes of others as her/his own behaviors and attitudes is known as: A. Internalization B. Projective Identification C. Mirrored perceptions D. Distortion

A. Denial Denial is a defense mechanism in which an individual refuses to believe or accept the reality of a situation in order to avoid the accompanying painful memories and thoughts.

An individual who was sexually abused as a child will most likely exhibit which defense mechanism: A. Denial B. Intellectualization C. Anger D. Displacement

C. Formative evaluation

Anne is implementing a program to help provide medical care to disadvantaged persons in her city's urban core. She examines how the services are delivered, the skills of the practitioners, and how the patients feel the care they receive and whether they are likely to continue to participate. Which type of program evaluation is Anne doing? A. Needs assessment B. Cost-benefit analysis C. Formative evaluation D. Outcome assessment

B. Early stages of recovery

At what point during recovery from a substance use disorder is relapse most likely to occur? A. Middle stages of recovery B. Early stages of recovery C. Following termination D. After the client enters family treatment

B. Acting out Mark is acting out, meaning that he is acting out his feelings (in this case, rage and frustration) rather than speaking about his feelings. Decompensation applies more to people in whom an existing support system does not work. Conversion applies to the physical experience of emotional symptoms. Regression refers to a return to a more childlike state.

Barbara, a school social worker, is concerned about her young client, Mark. Mark is beginning to show signs of violent behavior in class, including throwing pencils and threatening other children. Mark is known to have a difficult family life in which both parents are struggling with substance abuse. Which of the following defense mechanisms best describes Mark's behavior? A. Decompensation B. Acting out C. Conversion D. Regression

A. measurable

Behavioral objectives must be concise, realistic, and: A. measurable B. subjective C. short-term D. broad

C. observable behavior

Behavioral theories tend to focus on: A. negative emotions B. dysfunctional beliefs C. observable behavior D. faulty attitudes

C. Heroin Withdraw symptoms of cocaine: anxiety, cravings, depression, disorientation, fatigue, irritability Withdraw symptoms of Cannabis: cold sweats, chills, headaches, insomnia, irritability, loss of appetite Withdraw symptoms of hallucinogens: agitation, elevated body temperature, hallucinations, muscle twitching, seizures

Bill has admitted himself to a crisis center. He is suffering from vomiting, muscle cramps, convulsions, and delirium. Which of the following substances is Bill withdrawing? A. Cannabis B. Cocaine C. Heroin D. Hallucinogens

yes; no Co-occurring disorders can include mental, physical, or intellectual disorders. They can be of different intensity, duration, and severity for the client.

Can co-occurring disorders include physical/intellectual disabilities? Do the disorders have to be the same intensity, duration, and severity in their presentation?

B. Delirium tremens

Christopher, a social worker, is working with a client in a crisis center who is having hallucinations, rapid respirations, tremors, and rapid fluctuations in temperature. From which of the following is the client most likely suffering? A. Korsakoff's syndrome B. Delirium tremens C. Panic attack D.cocaine intoxication

D. Developmental history of the client

Compared to the social history of an adult, the social history of a child most likely contains more extensive information on which of the following categories? A. Identifying information on the client B. History of the presenting problem C. Observations by the social worker D. Developmental history of the client

D. Attention Deficit Disorder

Cyclert is a drug that is often used to treat which of the following disorders: A. Depression B. Anxiety C. Agoraphobia D. Attention Deficit Disorder

B. Ego

Defense Mechanisms such as repression and displacement are controlled by which of the following: A. Id B. Ego C. Superego D. All of the above

C. Encourage the client to discuss his feelings further with the other members of the group When working with groups, a social worker should use the group as the major helping agent and not make decisions for the group. A social worker should only intervene when interactions or the communication pattern within a group is becoming fragmented or dysfunctional in some way. Thus, it is BEST for the social worker to encourage the client to discuss his feelings with the other group members (C). A does not use the group as the major helping agent, and B and D have the social worker engaging in actions that should be addressed by group members in this modality.

During a group session, a client states that he "is tired of being here" and does not know if he wants to continue. In this situation, it is BEST for the social worker to: A. Ask the client to speak to the social worker after the group session to discuss his concerns further B. Tell the client that these feelings often occur at some point during the course of group participation C. Encourage the client to discuss his feelings further with the other members of the group D. Assess whether the group is meeting his and other group members' needs

C. Magical Thinking Magical Thinking is when a person irrationally believes that her/his thoughts actions or desires have influenced or cause certain events to occur. This is often seen in children and in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia.

During a therapy session, a client states that her child who has been diagnosed with leukemia is now cured because she bathed the child several times each day is most likely experiencing: A. Delusions B. Hallucinations C. Magical Thinking D. Psychosis

C. Avoidance Avoidance is a defense mechanism, similar to Denial, where an individual refuses to face certain situations because they present unconscious impulses or punishments. Diversion is not a recognized defense mechanism. Answer B, Displacement is a defense mechanism where an individual transfers certain thoughts, feelings or wishes onto another more acceptable thought, feelings or wishes to reduce anxiety. Answer D, Resistance is not a defense mechanism. Resistance is a therapeutic concept referring to an individual who stops working through her/his issues.

During a treatment session, a client begins to tell a story about what happened that day in school. Each time the social worker attempts to refocus the session, the client returns to the narrative regarding the incident in school. The client is exhibiting which of the following defense mechanisms: A. Diversion B. Displacement C. Avoidance D. Resistance

D. Refer the client to a substance abuse treatment agency The client has been drinking heavily for years and has now reported stopping. He needs medical monitoring during withdrawal to ensure that it is done safety. This may include inpatient treatment. The setting in which the social worker is employed is unclear in the case. Substance abuse treatment is specialized and will ensure that the client receives the proper level of care. Providing additional supportive services to the client may be helpful during his recovery, but he needs to undergo detoxification FIRST, which is best handled by a substance abuse agency. The social worker should facilitate the referral by making the linkage with the client and ensuring that he receives immediate assessment and treatment.

During an intake, a client reports that he has been drinking heavily for years. As a result of his alcohol abuse, he lost his job and his wife left him. He realizes that "things need to change" and he has not had a drink in the last 12 hours. In order to assist this client, the social worker should FIRST: A. Determine why he has decided to change now B. Identify natural supports that can assist in recovery C. Conduct a biopsychosocial-spiritual-cultural history to assist with designing interventions to support the client in his goal D. Refer the client to a substance abuse treatment agency

D. Encoding The technique of ensuring that the language used by the social worker will be easily understood by the client is encoding. The social worker already has taken in the client's information and is no longer receiving (B), and the social worker has not yet spoken and thus is not transmitting (C). While what was said to the client may be feedback (A), this question asks about the process of determining how to best express that feedback.

During an interview, before actually speaking, a social worker considers what to say to a client in words the client will understand. What aspect of the communication cycle is the social worker using? A. Giving feedback B. Receiving C. Transmitting D. Encoding

A. Recognizing the next action to take when intervening in a situation. Partialization is an attempt to break down larger problems into smaller ones. Determining the next action to take when intervening would happen during planning or intervention, not assessment.

During assessment, partialization can be used by a social worker to assist a client with all of the following except: A. Recognizing the next action to take when intervening in a situation. B. Helping to clarify the specific cause(s) of a problem C. Identifying issues that need immediate attention D. Distinguishing areas that require further inquiry

A. Psychotic

During his latest office visit, Stan begins to raise his voice in anger. He begins to reply to therapist in a non-reality based and hostile manner and begins mumbling under his breath about a conspiracy to steal his thoughts. Which of the following terms best describes Stan's current state of mind? A. Psychotic B. Hypomanic C. Disoriented D. Comorbid

B. Depression

Elavil is a drug that is commonly used to treat the following disorder: A. Psychosis B. Depression C. Substance Abuse D. Personality Disorders

C. a closed system that is using up its energy and deteriorating

Entropy within a system is BEST described as: A. a steady state in which balance is achieved B. an exchange of energy and resources that promotes growth and transformation C. a closed system that is using up its energy and deteriorating D. a product of a system that can subsequently be used as an input

C. Cocaine withdrawal

Fatigue, anxiety, depression, and intense cravings are symptoms of: A. Hallucinogenic flashbacks B. Heroin withdrawal C. Cocaine withdrawal D. Alcohol intoxication

C. False imputation False imputation is the behavior of attributing real symptoms to a cause known to be false.

Faye is seeing her client, Melvin. Melvin does not like the idea that he has been diagnosed with schizophrenia and insists that his symptoms of hallucination and delusion are attributable to a brain tumor. Melvin has many times had brain scans that show no evidence of tumor. Which of the following best describes Melvin's behavior? A. Denial B. Conversion C. False imputation D. Malingering

D. Cocaine Symptoms of Cannabis: disconnected ideas, dry throat and mouth, feelings of joyousness or hilarity, increased heart rate, loss of motivation, red eyes, talkativeness Symptoms of LSD: bizarre hallucinations, dilated pupils, distorted senses, goosebumps, hyperactivity, increased heartbeat, tremors Symptoms of Heroin: constricted pupils, disorientation, hallucination, needle marks, paranoia, sedated state and increased sleeping, shortness of breath, slurred speech, sweating

Hazel is seeing her client Steven for their regular session. At this session, Steven appears hyperactive, euphoric, and somewhat irritable when questioned. He talks very rapidly for a long period of time then falls into a depressed silence. His pupils are dilated. Of the following, which is the drug that Steven has most likely recently consumed? A. LSD B. Cannabis C. Heroin D. Cocaine

B. Assist the client in prioritizing her concerns. The client reports two issues that have arisen as a result of medical issues: a lack of social interaction and feeling of spiritual emptiness. The social worker must begin by helping the client identify her most immediate needs by prioritizing her concerns.

In an initial meeting with a social worker, a client says that medical issues have forced her to stay home and give up social activities. The client reports feeling depressed and spiritually empty. What should the social worker do first? A. Help the client explore options for resuming social activities B. Assist the client in prioritizing her concerns. C. Ask the client if she has a spiritual leader D. Obtain a release of information for medical records

B. The struggle for control between the mother and daughter The issue presented to the social worker is the struggle for control between the mother and daughter, which is what the social worker should explore first. The social worker should not link the conflicts solely to the mother or the daughter, and there is no indication of parent-child dysfunction.

In a family session, a teenage daughter complains that her mother is too nosy, refuses her any private telephone time, and nags constantly. The mother complains that the daughter never cleans her room and ignores curfews, telephone limits, and restrictions about friends. What issue should the social worker explore first? A. The mother's inability to exercise parental discipline B. The struggle for control between the mother and daughter C. The daughter's struggle to establish autonomy D. The dysfunctional parent-child relationship

C. Examination of the same subjects over time

In a longitudinal research design, what would a panel study involve? A. Double blind methodology B. The use of a control variable in the study C. Examination of the same subjects over time D. A comparison of change in sample subgroups over time

D. -0.999 The closer a correlation is to 1.0 (positive or negative), the stronger the relationship between the variables.

In a research study, the strongest correlation would be: A. +0.001 B. -0.50 C. +0.92 D. -0.999

A. Dependent variable The child's birth weight is the Dependent Variable. The Independent Variable (amount & frequency of smoking tobacco) is manipulated or varied to study the effect on the dependent variable (birth weight). Hypothesis (Answer C) is the theory that asserts that a relationship exists between two variables. Correlation Coefficient (Answer D) is an expression used to describe the relationship between two variables, e.g., r = 0.95.

In a study researching the effect of women smoking tobacco during pregnancy and the child's birth weight, the child's birth weight is the: A. Dependent variable B. Independent variable C. Hypothesis D. Correlation coefficient

A. Significantly impaired causing an inability to stay focused

In delirium, attention is: A. Significantly impaired causing an inability to stay focused B. Not impaired or altered in any way C. Mildly impaired in some clients, but not others D. Not considered as a diagnostic criteria

C. 18 Emancipation is the legal process that ends the rights and responsibilities of parents or guardians over minor children.

In most states, the age of majority is: A. 16 B. 21 C. 18 D. 16

A. Been eliminated The DSM-5 has discarded the multiaxial system of diagnosis (formerly Axis I, Axis II, & Axis III) and combines the first three axes outlined in past editions of the DSM into one axis with all mental and other medical diagnoses. It has replaced Axis IV with significant psychosocial and contextual features and dropped Axis V (Global Assessment of Functioning, aka GAF).

In the DSM-5, the multiaxial system used in previous versions of the manual has: A. Been eliminated B. Been revised to include more specificity on each axis C. Been expanded to include more axes D. Remain unchanged

B. Completing a biopsychosocial-spiritual-cultural assessment All of the response choices occur during the problem-solving process, but the completion of a biopsychosocial-spiritual-cultural assessment is done during assessment, the second step in the problem-solving process, while the rest are completed during engagement, the first step.

In the first step of the problem-solving process, all of the following occurs EXCEPT: A. Finding out why the client is seeking services B. Completing a biopsychosocial-spiritual-cultural assessment C. Explaining the limits of confidentiality D. Clarifying the role of the social worker

C. Unaware, unable, and/or unwilling to change

In the precontemplation stage of change, a client is: A. Willing to look at the pros and cons of behavior change, but is not committed to working toward it B. Taking direct action toward making change C. Unaware, unable, and/or unwilling to change D. Experimenting with small changes, but still resistant

A. Contemplation

In which stage of change is a client likely to be most ambivalent? A. Contemplation B. Preparation C. Action D. Precontemplation

C. Public Assistance Programs Institutional Social Welfare refers to public assistance programs that are permanent and that provide for the overall protection and support of society.

Institutional Social Welfare refers to which of the following: A. Social services in hospital settings B. Social services in a public agency setting C. Public Assistance Programs D. Social services provided by private practice groups

D. Hypomanic

Lois is assessing her client, Wanda, in a hospital. Wanda seems very happy and expansive today, almost in a way that Lois suspects of being drug-induced, though Lois has had a clear urine screen just before their meeting. Which of the following is the best term for Wanda's behavior? A. Dissociated B. Delusional C. Psychotic D. Hypomanic

B. Secondary trauma Secondary trauma occurs when care providers begin to identify with the traumatic feelings of those they help, including physical symptoms such as loss of sleep. Burnout is the process by which a care provider begins to feel cynical and dissatisfied with their work, having become disenchanted with a lack of apparent progress on the part of clients. Compassion fatigue is the combination of both of these, a phenomenon where the social worker takes on physical symptoms of secondary trauma as well as the emotional effects of burnout.

Mary is working at a shelter for abused women and hears many stories of victimization. Though she still feels a strong attachment to the work, Mary has begun to lose sleep, feel irritable, and avoid her social relationships. Which phenomenon is Mary most likely feeling? A. Compassion fatigue B. Secondary trauma C. Burnout D. Transference

A. Ativan Ativan is from a class of drugs known as anxiolytics, designed to address symptoms of anxiety disorders, although they can be used to treat other conditions. Effexor/Wellbutrin: anti-depressant for attention deficit disorders Haldol: anti-psychotic, anxiety, attention deficit disorders, bipolar disorders, psychosis

Michael suffers from bouts of intense anxiety that prevent him from being able to manage daily tasks; he often worries as if he might have a panic attack. Which of the following is most likely to be prescribed to him? A. Ativan B. Effexor C. Haldol D. Wellbutrin

D. a product of a system that can subsequently be used as an input

Output within a system is BEST described as: A. a steady state in which balance is achieved B. an exchange of energy and resources that promotes growth and transformation C. a closed system that is using up its energy and deteriorating D. a product of a system that can subsequently be used as an input

C. Codependent

Philip finds himself increasingly drawn into his partner's substance abuse. Philip not only finds himself using alongside his partner, but he also subsidizes the habit financially to support the current situation and often denies there is a problem at all. What term best describes Philip's behavior? A. Shielding B. Co-occurring C. Codependent D. Co-enabling

B. Instrument Reliability Random error is assessed by Instrument Reliability. As instrument reliability is increased, random error is decreased.

Random Error is assessed by which of the following: A. Instrument Validity B. Instrument Reliability C. External Validity D. Control Group

B. Coping skills

Remaining flexible and regulating impulses and affect are examples of: A. Cognitive skills B. Coping skills C. Interpersonal skills D. Temperamental factors

D. Displacement Diane's behavior in being cruel to those weaker than herself is likely an expression of her rage at having been forced to move away from her friends. Displacement is the defense mechanism whereby a person takes out their unresolved feelings about one object (in this case, her parents or the situation itself) onto a less threatening target.

Rick, a school social worker, is concerned about a young student named Diane. Diane has been showing sadistic behavior toward younger children and has been seen to be cruel to animals. Diane's family has only recently moved into the area away from one in which Diane had a thriving network of friends. Which of the following best describes the defense mechanism at work with Diane? A. Conversion B. Projection C. Inhibition D. Displacement

D. Haldol Wellbutrin/Effexor: anti-depressant for attention deficit disorders Celexa: anti-depressant for anxiety, depression

Roy is a patient in an acute mental health unit. He has had to be restrained multiple times due to his delusional violence. Which of the following is most likely to be used to treat Roy? A. Effexor B. Celexa C. Wellbutrin D. Haldol

D. Lithium

Russell has been admitted to the mental hospital many times due to his severe Bipolar Disorder. Which of the following is most likely to be prescribed to him? A. Effexor B. Ativan C. Paxil D. Lithium

C. Burnout Burnout occurs when care providers begin to feel cynical about how effective their efforts are in helping their clients. This manifests in a lack of satisfaction with the work and a feeling of futility (uselessness).

Saul is a social worker who serves juvenile offenders. Though he had enthusiasm when he began the work, lately Saul is finding himself more cynical. Though he is still feeling empathy for his clients, he is having doubts about the utility of the work he does and is contemplating leaving the industry. Which phenomenon is Saul most likely feeling? A. Compassion fatigue B. Secondary trauma C. Burnout D. Transference

B. Compassion fatigue Compassion fatigue is a combination of both burnout and secondary trauma. They experience the symptoms of trauma such irritability and lack of sleep while feeling cynical and questioning their efforts to help.

Steve is a social worker at a large mental hospital. In his daily work, he faces many barriers to helping his clients and begins to feel cynical about how much effect he is having. Steve also hears terrible stories of abuse and psychotic behavior on a daily basis. He finds that he cannot sleep easily and is prone to irritable outbursts. Steve also begins to avoid his friends. Which process is Steve most likely experiencing? A. Secondary trauma B. Compassion fatigue C. Transference D. Burnout

A. family history of suicide

Steve is concerned about his client, Edgar, who Steve believes to be suicidal. Edgar seems very depressed, has a diagnosis of schizophrenia, and suffers from Parkinson's disease. Moreover, Edgar's aunt committed suicide many years ago. Which of the above is the biggest risk factor for suicide? A. family history of suicide B. depression C. chronic illness D. Schizophrenia

B. Clarifying the roles of the social worker and the client Structuring is done at the initial phase to set client expectations for work to be done and the ways in which the social worker and the client will interact. This way, the client's understanding of the roles is the same as the social worker's.

Structuring a social work interview means: A. Identifying the case problems in the social worker's report B. Clarifying the roles of the social worker and the client C. Bringing out the emotional problems of the client D. Arranging the furniture in the interview room

B. It can increase insight into effects of past trauma Substance use can cause irrational behavior, violence, and lapses in memory. Chronic use of some substances can cause long-lasting changes in the brain, which may lead to paranoia, depression, aggression, and hallucinations.

Substance abuse is most likely to affect mental health in all of the following ways except: A. It can cause irrational behavior. B. It can increase insight into effects of past trauma C. It can cause long-lasting paranoia and hallucinations D. It can lead to lapses in memory.

A. States could set their own benefit levels. States were allowed to set their own benefit requirements under the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program, TANF's predecessor, which was created in 1935 as part of the Social Security Act.

The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) created the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program. Which of the following was not one of the restructured elements of this program? A. States could set their own benefit levels. B. A lifetime limit on the number of years that benefits could be paid out of federal funds was imposed. C. Strict work requirements to qualify for federal aid were mandated. D. A block grant to states, which removed much of the federal regulatory authority over the design of the program, replaced a matching grant.

D. psychiatric or neurological examination A mental status exam assesses the mental health and neurological functioning of the client to determine whether there is a need for a psychiatric or neurological examination.

The basic function of the mental status exam is to assess whether there is a need to refer clients for: A. substance abuse screening B. psychological intelligence testing C. forensic screening D. psychiatric or neurological examination

B. Stressful events

The birth of a child, relationship problems, and financial difficulties are examples of: A. Strengths B. Stressful events C. Triggers D. Consequences

A. Medicaid is administered by the Federal government and Medicare is administered by states Medicare is a health insurance program for the elderly administered by the Federal government and Medicaid is a mean-tested health services program administered by the state.

The following are all true about Medicare and Medicaid EXCEPT: A. Medicaid is administered by the Federal government and Medicare is administered by states B. Medicaid is means-tested and Medicare is not. C. Medicare and Medicaid are both authorized under the Social Security Program D. Medicare and Medicaid both cover in-hospital services

B. Experimental Research Design Experimental Research design is the most stringent research design that controls for Extraneous Variables. Extraneous Variables are independent variables that are not necessarily related to a research study

The most stringent research design that controls for extraneous variables is: A. Longitudinal Research Design B. Experimental Research Design C. AB Research Design D. ABAC Research Design

D. Aversion therapy Aversion therapy is any treatment aimed at reducing the attractiveness of a stimulus or a behavior by repeatedly pairing it with an aversive stimulus. An example of this is treating alcoholism with Antabuse, which causes the person to become sick any time they consume alcohol.

Treating alcoholism with the medication Antabuse is a type of: A. Biofeedback B. Extinction C. Flooding D. Aversion therapy

C. Secondary trauma Secondary trauma occurs when the social worker begins to respond psychologically to the events. Trinity has internalized many of her clients' experiences, leading to her having nightmares.

Trinity works with sexual assault victims, many of whom have been violently raped. She helps clients speak openly in therapy about their experiences and empowers them to have ownership over their memories as part of the healing process. Trinity enjoys her job; however, after several months she begins having nightmares about being raped and feels scared to go anywhere alone, even though she has never been a victim of sexual assault. Trinity is probably suffering from which of the following? A. Paranoia B. Depression C. Secondary trauma D. Anxiety disorder

B. Environmental reinforcers to problematic behavior All of the response choices are related to a cognitive approach EXCEPT examination of environmental reinforcers (B). This response choice would be part of a behavior management approach that examines what external factors reward problematic behavior, regardless of a client's beliefs or thoughts about changing it.

Using a cognitive approach, assessment would focus on all of the following EXCEPT: A. Negative thought patterns that contribute to the problem B. Environmental reinforcers to problematic behavior C. Existing cognitive schemas related to the problem D. Beliefs that promote and inhibit change

A. Benzodiadepines

Which of the following classes of drugs is most vulnerable to abuse? A. Benzodiadepines B. Antipsychotics C. Antidepressants D. Tricyclics

C. Ability of the client to remain focused during the interview Only C is about basic communication skills. Option A is about assessment of the client's current emotional state, not communication.Option B is a cognitive process rather than a communication skill. Option D relates to emotional openness.

What aspect of a client's behavior during an interview would best help the social worker assess the communication skills of the client? A. Congruence between verbal and nonverbal behaviors of the client B. Number of times the client requests clarification C. Ability of the client to remain focused during the interview D. Degree of openness with which the client discusses concerns

D. Being determined to do for one's self Two-year-olds are going through a stage of establishing independence from parents and wanting to make decisions for themselves.

What characteristic best describes normal development in a two-year-old child? A. Developing friendships B. Being toilet-trained C. Counting to 20 D. Being determined to do for one's self

B. Validity

What concept is concerned with whether an instrument is measuring what it purports to measure? A. Statistical significance B. Validity C. Reliability D. Statistical regression

A. Predict the psychosocial development of individual family members Family life cycle theory looks at the progression of the family from stage to stage as it achieves developmental tasks.

What does knowledge of family life cycle theory enable social workers to do? A. Predict the psychosocial development of individual family members B. Determine levels of family developmental task accomplishment C. Assess dysfunctional family interactions D. Explain family violence risks

C. The interactions of the client and social worker

What does the concept of process in social work refer to? A. the role of the social worker in dealing with the client B. Recording what the social worker says to the client as they relate to each other C. The interactions of the client and social worker D. The sequence of case activities

B. Focusing Focusing is helping the client define reasons for seeking services and defining treatment goals

What interviewing skill is used in social work to help the client set treatment goals? A. Containment B. Focusing C. Summarizing D. Reassuring

C. A sense of balance within the family system Homeostasis could be described as the "functional balance" between all of the complex, interdependent, and competitive energies of a family system.

What is the best definition of "homeostasis as it applies to family theory and dynamics? A. The concept of mutual influence and dependence in family dynamics. B. The idea that families organize themselves into subsystems. C. A sense of balance within the family system D. The pattern of interactions within family systems that facilitate change.

D. An insightful understanding of another person's thoughts and emotions Empathy means that the social worker understands the emotions of the client without necessarily sharing them.

What is the best description of empathy? A. Communication of the social worker's desire to help B. Nonjudgemental acceptance of the client's behavior C. A compassionate feeling toward another person's suffering D. An insightful understanding of another person's thoughts and emotions

A. Table of random numbers Standard research methodology requires random assignment to experimental and control groups to avoid selection bias.

What is the most appropriate method for a social work researcher to use to assign 53 clients to experimental and control groups? A. Table of random numbers B. Twinning process C. Table of matched pairs D. Volunteer method

D. Hydrocodone Levothyroxine sodium treats hypothyroidism. Lisinopril and Metoprolol treat high blood pressure.

What is the most popular painkiller used to treat moderate to severe pain? A. Levothyroxine sodium B. Lisinopril C. Metoprolol D. Hydrocodone

C. Helping each member change his or her situation through interpersonal experiences

What is the social worker's main role in group work? A. Ensuring there is no conflict within the group B. Providing evidence-based treatments that meet the needs of all members C. Helping each member change his or her situation through interpersonal experiences D. Providing evidence-based treatments that meet the needs of all members

C. To intervene when communication within the group is becoming dysfunctional in some way The group should act as the major helping agent. A social worker should only intervene when interactions or the communication pattern within a group is becoming fragmented or dysfunctional in some way. It isn't the social worker's responsibility to ensure that each member is meeting their own goals. They can provide opportunities, but the clients are responsible for working toward their own goals and objectives.

What is the social worker's role when working with groups? A. To make decisions for the group B. To ensure each individual is meeting his or her goals C. To intervene when communication within the group is becoming dysfunctional in some way D. To act as the major helping agent

D. Working alliance

What is the successful beginning of an effective social worker-client relationship called? A. Reciprocity B. Mutual aid C. Allegiance D. Working alliance

A. Socialization

What is the term for the process by which individuals assume the roles they play within a system? A. Socialization B. Recruitment C. Internalization D. Education

C. Normal events at different stages in family development

What should be the focus of a social worker's assessment when using the family life cycle theory as a frame of reference? A. Unexpected family stresses and problems B. The influence of macro systems on family life C. Normal events at different stages in family development D. Social interactions within family subgroups

A. It provides the legal grounds for confidentiality. This question requires recall of the definition of privileged communication. Privileged communication is the foundation of confidentiality and ensures clients that communication will be kept private except in cases of potential harm.

What statement best describes the concept of privileged communication for social workers? A. It provides the legal grounds for confidentiality. B. It permits the social worker the discretion to share client information. C. It prevents client information from being shared at agency case conferences. D. It protects clients who report planning violent acts.

A. Organize the information by using an outline A coherent and useful report must be readable and structurally sound, something best achieved by first creating an outline to refine the order in which information will be presented.

What strategy is best for writing a coherent and useful agency report? A. Organize the information by using an outline B. Employ a word processor and spell-check C. Use words common to the profession D. Select and use citations from recent social work journals.

D. Assuring the client that services can be resumed if necessary at some point in the future The end of the therapeutic relationship can leave clients with feelings of separation and abandonment if not handled appropriately. The most appropriate way to address these feelings is through reassurance that the termination does not preclude the possibility for further work in the future.

What task is most important for a social worker to perform when terminating a relationship with a client? A. Encouraging the client to call each month to give the social worker a progress report B. Identifying possible transference issues in the professional relationship C. Having the client evaluate the social worker's performance D. Assuring the client that services can be resumed if necessary at some point in the future

D. Referent

What type of power is obtained through charisma and associating with others who have power? A. Coercive B. Legitimate C. Reward D. Referent

A. Coercive

What type of power is obtained through control of punishment? A. Coercive B. Legitimate C. Reward D. Referent

C. Reward

What type of power is obtained through control of rewards? A. Coercive B. Legitimate C. Reward D. Referent

B. Legitimate

What type of power is obtained through having legitimate authority? A. Coercive B. Legitimate C. Reward D. Referent

B. Observer as participant All of the response choices are roles that social workers can take when making observations: complete participant (living the experience as a participant), participant as observer (interacting with those who are participating), observer as participant (limited relationship with others participating—primarily observer), or complete observer (removed from activity—observer only). Observation is a method used in scientific inquiry or other social work activities to collect data.

When a social worker is making observations in a setting in which he or she has minimal involvement or interaction with those being studied, the social worker is assuming which of the following roles? A. Participant as observer B. Observer as participant C. Complete participant D. Complete observer

C. Paraphrasing

When a social worker restates a client's ideas or thoughts in order to get a fuller understanding, the social worker is using which technique? A. Generalization B. Interpretation C. Paraphrasing D. Clarification

D. The proposal's compatibility with the purpose of the funding agency Staff capacity, potential outcomes, and the funding agency's level of familiarity with the entity applying for a grant are all secondary to the degree to which the proposal itself coheres with the fundamental purposes of the funding agency.

When developing a grant proposal, what must a social worker ensure first? A. The availability of staff resources to carry out the work of the project B. The likelihood of the proposed activity promoting desirable outcomes C. The funding agency's familiarity with the needs identified in the grant D. The proposal's compatibility with the purpose of the funding agency

B. Learn about the client's cultural heritage Part of gaining cultural competence involves the social worker learning about the client's culture. Discussing the differences between the cultures could be seen as intrusive early in the relationship.

When working with a client from a different cultural group, what should the social worker do first? A. Ignore the differences between the client and the social worker B. Learn about the client's cultural heritage C. Treat the client the same as all other clients D. Discuss the differences between the two cultures

B. Summative evaluation

Which kind of program evaluation seeks to determine a program's effectiveness based on examining its outcomes? A. Cost-benefit analysis B. Summative evaluation C. Cost-effectiveness analysis D. Outcome assessment

A. Legal involvement is eliminated in the DSM-5 as a criterion of Substance Use Disorder. Substance Use Disorder in DSM-5 combines the DSM-IV categories of Substance Abuse and Substance Dependence into a single disorder measured on a continuum from mild to severe. Each specific substance (other than caffeine, which cannot be diagnosed as a Substance Use Disorder) is addressed as a separate use disorder (Alcohol Use Disorder, Stimulant Use Disorder, etc.). Drug craving is added as a criterion, and problems with law enforcement are eliminated because of cultural considerations that make this criterion difficult to apply. Gambling Disorder is the sole condition in a new category on behavioral addictions. Thus, all the response choices are false, except A.

Which of the following is TRUE about disorders related to addiction in the DSM-5? A. Legal involvement is eliminated in the DSM-5 as a criterion of Substance Use Disorder. B. Caffeine Use Disorder is new in the DSM-5. C. The DSM-5 does not include behavioral addictions. D. The DSM-5 contains two substance use disorders, Substance Abuse and Substance Dependence, which are distinguished by the severity of the symptoms.

D. Human trafficking is not the same as human smuggling. "Trafficking" is based on exploitation and doesn't require movement across borders. "Smuggling" involves moving a person. Although human smuggling is very different from human trafficking, human smuggling can turn into trafficking if the smuggler uses force, fraud, or coercion to hold people against their will for the purposes of labor or sexual exploitation.

Which of the following is TRUE about human trafficking? A. Human trafficking involves sexual exploitation. B. Victims of human trafficking are poor females. C. Human trafficking occurs in all countries except the United States. D. Human trafficking is not the same as human smuggling.

C. A POLST contains medical orders, but an advance directive does not. An advance directive is a legal document that allows patients to appoint a health care representative who will act in a client's best interest when the client can no longer make decisions on his or her own. Advanced directives are accepted nationally; however, not all states use Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLST). The advanced directive is a document that contains the expressed desire of clients, but it does not have the same authority as a POLST since it is not signed by a physician. The POLST document is a physician's order that health care workers must follow. It is recommended that clients have both documents.

Which of the following is a distinguishing characteristic between an advance directive and a POLST (Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment)? A. A POLST is not legally binding while an advance directive must be followed. B. A POLST is a more current term for an advance directive and there are no differences between them. C. A POLST contains medical orders, but an advance directive does not. D. A POLST names a health care proxy, but an advance directive does not.

C. Caffeine use disorder has been added.

Which of the following is false about the classification of Substance Use Disorder in the DSM-5? A. Mild Substance Use Disorder requires two to three symptoms from a list of 11. B. Each specific substance is a separate use disorder. C. Caffeine use disorder has been added. D. Substance Use is measured on a continuum from mild to severe.

C. Borderline Personality Disorder Borderline Personality Disorder and Antisocial Personality Disorder are both associated with a greater risk of violence.

Which of the following is most associated with violence? A. Paranoid Personality Disorder B. Schizotypal Personality Disorder C. Borderline Personality Disorder D. Schizoid Personality Disorder

D. Schizophreniform Disorder is no longer a mental health diagnosis.

Which of the following is not a change in the DSM-5 from the previous edition? A. The Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) has been dropped altogether. B. The World Health Organization's Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS) was added to the Assessment measures section. C. Axis IV has been replaced with significant psychosocial and contextual features. D. Schizophreniform Disorder is no longer a mental health diagnosis.

C. Auditory hallucinations

Which of the following is not a common neurologic symptom? A. Weakness B. Deafness C. Auditory hallucinations D. Vertigo

B. Derealization Derealization is the sense experience when an individual does not feel connected with reality. Inhibition avoids pleasure to avoid the inner conflict stirred up by it. Idealization creates a one-sided positive vision of an individual or phenomenon to avoid careful consideration. Denial means to deny that any kind of problem exists.

Which of the following is not a defense mechanism? A. Inhibition B. Derealization C. Idealization D. Denial

D. Interpersonal Cognitive: mental skills and knowledge Affective: feelings and emotional growth Psychomotor: physical skills and capabilities

Which of the following is not a domain of development? A. Cognitive B. Affective C. Psychomotor D. Interpersonal

D. Transference Social workers must be aware of their own values and how these impact their client relationships. Values such as those which stress dichotomous thinking (either-or) can make the social worker overclassify their clients. Universalism, thinking that there is only one universal standard for everyone, can harm the social worker's ability to see progress. Exterior measures of self-worth held as a value can make the social worker miss the interior measures held in others.

Which of the following is not a value that is inhibitory (preventative) to client relationships? A. Exterior measure of self-worth B. Universalism C. Dichotomous thinking D. Transference

A. Buspar Buspar is a benzodiazepine that treats anxiety.

Which of the following is not an antidepressant? A. Buspar B. Anafranil C. Elavil D. Norpramin

A. Create doubt in Clarence The motivational approach attempts to address ambivalence or weak commitment to change by creating doubt in the client that things are as stable or as desirable as they might seem.

Zachary, a social worker, is attempting to help his client Clarence address Clarence's substance use. Clarence is ambivalent about substance use treatment as part of his overall mental health; he assures Zachary that his use does not seriously affect his life. Using a motivational approach, which of the following would be Zachary's next move? A. Create doubt in Clarence B. Give Clarence hope for change C. Confront Clarence more directly D. Accept Clarence's views

A. Caffeine

·The use of which substance cannot be diagnosed as a substance use disorder? A. Caffeine B. Marijuana C. Alcohol D. Stimulants