QUIZ 1 Socio

What economic system emerged during the industrial revolution?

Capitalism

Sociology is a social science. What is another example of a social science?

Political Science, because it is concerned with politics and government, and how they affect people and society.

According to chapter 1, what was Harriet Martineau's most important contribution to the development of sociology as a discipline?

her translation of the work of Auguste Comte into English

According to Emile Durkheim, industrialized societies display organic solidarity. What is the basis for organic solidarity?

interdependence and individual rights

__________ Is the level of analysis that studies large-scale social structures in order to understand how they affect the larger patterns and institutions of society.

macrosociology

Teaching students to solve math problems is an example of a _____ function of education.

manifest

Durkheim theorized that the rapidly changing conditions of modern life lead to anomie. What is anomie?

normlessness, or a loss of social connections

Which school of social theory argues that everything is relative, fragmented, temporary, contingent, and ephemeral?

postmodernism

Karl Marx refer to the workers as BLANK and the owners as BLANK

proletariat; bourgeoise

According to C. Wright Mills, what one quality of mind do all great sociologists possess?

sociological imagination

Which of the following theories focuses on how our behaviors are dependent upon the ways we interpret, make sense of, and define ourselves, others, and social situations?

symbolic interactionism

What is the sociological imagination?

the ability to understand the connections between biography and history, or the interplay of the self and the world

Although Karl Marx died before anyone used the word postmodern, many theorists still draw on elements of his work to inform their own theories. Given what you know about post modernism, which of the following quotes from Marx writing reveal his post modern side

"Constant revolutionizing of production, uninterrupted disturbance of all social conditions, everlasting uncertainty and agitation distinguish the bourgeois epoch from all earlier ones... All that is solid melts into air, all that is holy is profaned"

Society is:

A group of people who share their lives in aggregated and patterned ways that distinguish them from other groups

Which of the following is true about the sociological imagination?

All of these are true - It allows an individual to see how his or her life is related to the bigger social context - it allows an individual to understand how his or her experiences are shaped by historical context - it allows an individual to understand how his or her beliefs are shaped by his or her culture

If you find a sociologist who studies simple greetings in hallways, the way people play tic-tac-toe or sow other element of everyday interaction what sort of sociologist have you found?

An ethnomethodologist

How is sociology different from other disciplines

Sociology is the study of human society and social behavior

Which of the following theories view society as a whole unit made up of interrelated parts that work together

Structural functionalism

T/F Conflict theory uses a dynamic model of historical change that present change as constant, ongoing and inevitable

True

T/F Humans are essentially social beings.

True

Seeing some event without any preconceptions in order to view things in a new way is using?

a beginner's mind

functionalist theory is very concerned with the ways that structures contribute to the stability of society. What is a structure?

a social institution that is stable over time and helps meet the needs of society

which of the following people sounds like they're experiencing anomie?

a teenager in a gothic phase is dressed all in black, reads poems about death and suicide, and feels as though no one really cares about him

What institutions does Max Weber believe characterize modern industrialized societies?

bureaucracies

T/F Postmodern social theorist attempt to construct "grand narratives" overarching theories that give a sense of order and coherence to the world

false

Durkheim suggested that mechanical solidarity created the

social bonds that held agrarian societies together.

Factories, land, machines, or anything else that can be used to create more wealth, is called

the means of production

The idea that societies can evolve, and that "survival of the fittest" might apply to societies too was first discussed by

Herbert Spencer

Which of the following is a paradigm interested in the power imbalances within a society?

Conflict theory

Which of the following people's teaching would be most associated with symbolic interactionism

George Hebert Mead

How does Karl Marx differentiate between members of the proletariat and the bourgeoisie?

Members of the bourgeoisie own the means of production, while the proletariat possess only their own labor.

A researcher studying the interaction between a cashier and a customer at a grocery store would likely be doing what?

Microsociology

Macrosociology and microsociology seem to make very different assumptions about how society works. How does sociology as a discipline, deal with these two very different perspectives.

Most sociologists think of these two perspectives as being on a continuum with each other, adopting whatever perspective seems most useful for a particular problem.

Emile Durkheim argued that even an action as seemingly individual as suicide has important social components. What social factors did he examine

Religious affiliation and marital status

A functional analysis of education might focus on

The function that education provides for society

What is the main difference between the sociological imagination and the sociological perspective?

The sociological imagination is the ability to see the connection between the self and society. The sociological perspective includes the idea, as well as others, like beginner's mind and culture shock.

If you've ever gone to a new place, and suddenly felt disoriented because the environment was so strange to you, you may have experienced:

culture shock

A graduate student in a sociology department is taking a course on the sociology of the economy. In this class, she learns that even though she always thought of her family as middle class her parents income compared to that of the rest of the country classifies them as upper class. What just happened?

the student moved from being an everyday actor to being a social analyst

T/F Emilie Durkheim's pioneering work, Suicide, used data gleaned from government records to help look for correlations between demographic variables and suicide. This made his work compatible with Auguste Comte's ideas about how society should be studied.

true