QUIZ 2

Particle Arrangement/Motion

examples: definition: Solid Liquid Gas Particles. Movement of Liquids Solids Gases Particles. Average Motion of Particles

Phase changes

examples: solid → liquid, Freezing liquid → solid, Vaporization liquid → gas, Condensation gas → liquid, Deposition gas → solid, Sublimation solid → gas, Ionization gas → plasma, & Recombination plasma → gas definition: a change from one state (solid or liquid or gas) to another without a change in chemical composition.

Definite or Indefinite shape

examples: solid: definite shape, definite volume. liquid: indefinite shape, definite volume. gas: indefinite shape, indefinite volume. definition: Indefinite shape means that the sample in question takes on the shape of the container. If some water was poured from a round container into a square container, the shape of the sample would change. Definite (for both shape and volume) means that the container makes no difference whatsoever.

Definite or indefinite volume

examples: solid: definite shape, definite volume. liquid: indefinite shape, definite volume. gas: indefinite shape, indefinite volume. definition: Indefinite volume means the sample would expand to fill the entire container. Definite (for both shape and volume) means that the container makes no difference whatsoever.

Volume

how to measure/calculate in a lab: definition: Find the Volume Initial and the Volume Final and subtract to find volume. the amount of space that a substance or object occupies, or that is enclosed within a container, especially when great.

Density

how to measure/calculate in a lab: Density is the mass of an object divided by its volume. Density often has units of grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm3). definition: the degree of compactness of a substance.

Mass

how to measure/calculate in a lab:Multiply the volume and density together and you'll know the mass of your object. definition: a coherent, typically large body of matter with no definite shape.

Compare and contrast pure compounds and elements

A compound contains atoms of different elements chemically combined together in a fixed ratio. An element is a pure chemical substance made of same type of atom. ... A compound can be separated into simpler substances by chemical methods/reactions.

Differentiate between physical changes and chemical changes

A physical change in a substance doesn't change what the substance is. In a chemical change where there is a chemical reaction, a new substance is formed and energy is either given off or absorbed.

Compare and contrast pure substances and mixtures

Pure Substance: Matter that has the same composition and properties throughout is called a substance. Mixtures: It is the combination of two or more pure substances where each substance retains its own identity.

Mechanical Separation

when each method for separating a mixture would be used and how to perform it in a lab setting: A group of laboratory and production operations whereby the components of a polyphase mixture are separated by mechanical methods into two or more fractions of different mechanical characteristics. The separated fractions may be homogeneous or heterogeneous, particulate or nonparticulate.

Evaporation

when each method for separating a mixture would be used and how to perform it in a lab setting: Evaporation, in a technical sense, denotes the conversion of a liquid into a vapor for the purpose of separating it from another liquid of higher boiling point, or from a solid which is dissolved in it.

Filtration

when each method for separating a mixture would be used and how to perform it in a lab setting: Filtration is any of various mechanical, physical or biological operations that separate solids from fluids (liquids or gases) by adding a medium through which only the fluid can pass. The fluid that passes through is called the filtrate.

Magnetism

when each method for separating a mixture would be used and how to perform it in a lab setting: Magnetism is one aspect of the combined electromagnetic force. A magnetic field exerts a force on particles in the field. The motion of electrically charged particles gives rise to magnetism. The force that effects a particle with an electric charge in a magnetic field depends on how strong the charge is, the speed of the particle, and the strength of the magnetic field.

Distillation

when each method for separating a mixture would be used and how to perform it in a lab setting: Simple distillation can be used effectively to separate liquids that have at least fifty degrees difference in their boiling points. As the liquid being distilled is heated, the vapors that form will be richest in the component of the mixture that boils at the lowest temperature