Quiz 2
What is one function of the ARP protocol?
resolving an IPv4 address to a MAC address
Which IPv6 network prefix is only intended for local links and can not be routed?
FE10::/10
When transporting data from real-time applications, such as streaming audio and video, which field in the IPv6 header can be used to inform the routers and switches to maintain the same path for the packets in the same conversation?
Flow Label
What IPv4 header field identifies the upper layer protocol carried in the packet?
Protocol
A router boots and enters setup mode. What is the reason for this?
The configuration file is missing from NVRAM.
Which field in the IPv4 header is used to prevent a packet from traversing a network endlessly
Time-to-Live
Which address type is not supported in IPv6?
broadcast
What important information is examined in the Ethernet frame header by a Layer 2 device in order to forward the data onward?
destination MAC address
What does the IP address 172.17.4.250/24 represent?
host address
What message is sent by a host to check the uniqueness of an IPv6 address before using that address?
neighbor solicitation
What is the prefix associated with the IPv6 address 2001:DB8:D15:EA:CC44::1/64?
2001:DB8:D15:EA::/64
A network administrator is variably subnetting a network. The smallest subnet has a mask of 255.255.255.224. How many usable host addresses will this subnet provide?
30
What happens when the transport input ssh command is entered on the switch vty lines?
Communication between the switch and remote users is encrypted.
When a router receives a packet, what information must be examined in order for the packet to be forwarded to a remote destination?
Destination IP address
Which field in an IPv6 packet is used by the router to determine if a packet has expired and should be dropped?
Hop Limit
What field content is used by ICMPv6 to determine that a packet has expired?
Hop Limit field
What is a basic characteristic of the IP protocol?
connectionless
Which three commands are used to set up secure access to a router through a connection to the console interface?
line console 0 login password cisco
At a minimum, which address is required on IPv6-enabled interfaces?
link-local
Which two types of IPv6 messages are used in place of ARP for address resolution?
neighbor solicitation neighbor advertisement
The ARP table in a switch maps which two types of address together?
Layer 3 address to a Layer 2 address
Which command is used to encrypt all passwords in a router configuration file?
Router(config)#service password-encryption
utility uses the Internet Control Messaging Protocol (ICMP)?
ping
Which ICMP message is used by the traceroute utility during the process of finding the path between two end hosts?
time exceeded
What is the purpose of the startup configuration file on a Cisco router?
to contain the commands that are used to initially configure a router on startup
What is the purpose of ARP in an IPv4 network?
to obtain a specific MAC address when an IP address is known
Which field in an IPv4 packet header will typically stay the same during its transmission?
Destination Address
Which information is used by routers to forward a data packet toward its destination?
Destination IP address
What is the most compressed representation of the IPv6 address 2001:0db8:0000:abcd:0000:0000:0000:0001?
2001:db8:0:adcd::1
Which subnet mask would be used if exactly 4 host bits are available?
255.255.255.240
What property of ARP allows MAC addresses of frequently used servers to be fixed in the ARP table?
A static IP-to-MAC address entry can be entered manually into an ARP table.
Which statement describes the treatment of ARP requests on the local link
They are received and processed by every device on the local network.
What was the reason for the creation and implementation of IPv6?
To relieve IPv4 address depletion
The global configuration command ip default-gateway 172.16.100.1 is applied to a switch. What is the effect of this command?
The switch can be remotely managed from a host on another network.
Which statement regarding the service password-encryption command is true?
as soon as its entered are passwords in plain text are encrypted
Which CLI mode allows users to access all device commands, such as those used for configuration, management, and troubleshooting?
privileged EXEC mode
What routing table entry has a next hop address associated with a destination network?
remote routes
What are two services provided by the OSI network layer?
routing packets toward the destination encapsulating PDUs from the transport layer
If a network device has a mask of /28, how many IP addresses are available for hosts on this network?
14
Your organization is issued the IPv6 prefix of 2001:db8:130f::/48 by your service provider. With this prefix, how many bits are available for your organization to create /64 subnetworks if interface ID bits are not borrowed?
16
If a network device has a mask of /26, how many IP addresses are available for hosts on this network?
62
What is the interface ID of the IPv6 address 2001:DB8::1000:A9CD:47FF:FE57:FE94/64?
A9CD:47FF:FE57:FE94
Where are IPv4 address to Layer 2 Ethernet address mappings maintained on a host computer?
ARP cache
As part of each different type of access, the technician is trying to type the command login. Which configuration mode should be entered to do this task?
any line configuration mode
A cybersecurity analyst believes an attacker is spoofing the MAC address of the default gateway to perform a man-in-the-middle attack. Which command should the analyst use to view the MAC address a host is using to reach the default gateway?
arp -a
Which term describes a field in the IPv4 packet header that contains a 4-bit binary value set to 0100?
version
Within a production network, what is the purpose of configuring a switch with a default gateway address?
The default gateway address is used to forward packets originating from the switch to remote networks.
A network administrator is testing network connectivity by issuing the ping command on a router. Which symbol will be displayed to indicate that a time expired during the wait for an ICMP echo reply message?
.
What is the prefix length notation for the subnet mask 255.255.255.224?
/27
Which IPv4 address can a host use to ping the loopback interface?
127.0.0.1
What is the valid most compressed format possible of the IPv6 address 2001:0DB8:0000:AB00:0000:0000:0000:1234?
2001:DB8:0:AB00::1234
What is the network address for the IPv6 address 2001:DB8:AA04:B5::1/64?
2001:DB8:AA04:B5::/64
What subnet mask is represented by the slash notation /20?
255.255.240.0
Which subnet mask would be used if 5 host bits are available?
255.255.255.224
How many usable IP addresses are available on the 192.168.1.0/27 network?
30
A network administrator subnets the 192.168.10.0/24 network into subnets with /26 masks. How many equal-sized subnets are created?
4
How many valid host addresses are available on an IPv4 subnet that is configured with a /26 mask?
62
Company policy requires using the most secure method to safeguard access to the privileged exec and configuration mode on the routers. The privileged exec password is trustknow1. Which of the following router commands achieves the goal of providing the highest level of security?
enable secret trustknow1
Which action is taken by a Layer 2 switch when it receives a Layer 2 broadcast frame?
it sends the frame to all ports except the port on which it received the frame
What type of address is automatically assigned to an interface when IPv6 is enabled on that interface?
link-local
two ICMPv6 messages are used during the Ethernet MAC address resolution process?
neighbor advertisement
Which two functions are primary functions of a router?
packet forwarding and path selection
Which command can be used to test connectivity between two devices using echo request and echo reply messages?
ping
Which command can be used on a Cisco router to display all interfaces, the IPv4 address assigned, and the current status?
show ip interface brief
When an IPv4 packet is sent to a host on a remote network, what information is provided by ARP?
the MAC address of the router interface closest to the sending host
Which characteristic describes the default gateway of a host computer?
the logical address of the router interface on the same network as the host computer
What is stored in the NVRAM of a Cisco router?
the startup config
How does the ARP process use an IPv4 address?
to determine the MAC address of the remote destination host
What is the purpose of the subnet mask in conjunction with an IP address?
to determine the subnet to which the host belongs
What is the minimum configuration for a router interface that is enabled for IPv6?
to have a link-local IPv6 address
A user who is unable to connect to the file server contacts the help desk. The helpdesk technician asks the user to ping the IP address of the default gateway that is configured on the workstation. What is the purpose for this ping command?
to test that the host has the capability to reach hosts on other networks.
A network administrator can successfully ping the server at www.cisco.com, but cannot ping the company web server located at an ISP in another city. Which tool or command would help identify the specific router where the packet was lost or delayed?
traceroute
A technician is troubleshooting a network where it is suspected that a defective node in the network path is causing packets to be dropped. The technician only has the IP address of the end point device and does not have any details of the intermediate devices. What command can the technician use to identify the faulty node?
tracert
Which destination address is used in an ARP request frame?
FFFF.FFFF.FFFF
Which two parts are components of an IPv4 address?
Host portion, and Network portion
Which protocol is used by IPv4 and IPv6 to provide error messaging?
ICMP
Which protocol provides feedback from the destination host to the source host about errors in packet delivery?
ICMP
What is indicated by a successful ping to the ::1 IPv6 address?
IP is properly installed on the host
What addresses are mapped by ARP?
IPv4 address to a destination MAC address
What type of information is contained in an ARP table?
IPv4 addresses to MAC address mappings
What will a Layer 2 switch do when the destination MAC address of a received frame is not in the MAC table?
IT forwards the frame out of all ports except for the port at which the frame was received
What is the purpose of the command ping ::1?
It tests the internal configuration of an IPv6 host.
Which command can be used on a Windows host to display the routing table?
Netstat -r
What are two potential network problems that can result from ARP operation?
On large networks with low bandwidth, multiple ARP broadcasts could cause data communication delays.Network attackers could manipulate MAC address and IP address mappings in ARP messages with the intent of intercepting network traffic.
What information is added during encapsulation at OSI Layer 3?
Source and destination IP address
A network technician issues the arp -d * command on a PC after the router that is connected to the LAN is reconfigured. What is the result after this command is issued?
The ARP cache is cleared.
Which characteristic describes an IPv6 enhancement over IPv4?
The IPv6 header is simpler than the IPv4 header is, which improves packet handling
How does the network layer use the MTU value?
The MTU is passed to the network layer by the data link layer
A user calls to report that a PC cannot access the internet. The network technician asks the user to issue the command ping 127.0.0.1 in a command prompt window. The user reports that the result is four positive replies. What conclusion can be drawn based on this connectivity test?
The TCP/IP implementation is functional
What is the effect of using the Router# copy running-config startup-config command on a router?
The contents of NVRAM will change.
Which two things can be determined by using the ping command?
The destination device is reachable through the network. The average time it takes a packet to reach the destination and for the response to return to the source
A computer has to send a packet to a destination host in the same LAN. How will the packet be sent?
The packet will be sent directly to the destination host
Which statement is true about variable-length subnet masking?
The size of each subnet may be different depending on requirements
Why does a Layer 3 device perform the ANDing process on a destination IP address and subnet mask?
To identify the network address of the destination network
What is a function of the tracert command that differs from the ping command when they are used on a workstation?
Tracert shows the information of routers in the path
When a connectionless protocol is in use at a lower layer of the OSI model, how is missing data detected and retransmitted if necessary?
Upper-layer connection-oriented protocols keep track of the data received and can request retransmission from the upper-level protocols on the sending host.
What are three parts of an IPv6 global unicast address?
an interface ID that is used to identify the local host on the network. a subnet ID that is used to identify networks inside of the local enterprise. A global routing prefix that is used to identify the network portion of the address that has been provided by an ISP
Which router component holds the routing table, ARP cache, and running configuration file?
RAM
An administrator is configuring a new router to permit out-of-band management access. Which set of commands will allow the required login using a password of cisco?
Router(config)#line console 0 Router(config-line)#password cisco Router(config-line)#login
characteristic of Ipv4?
IPv4 has a 32-bit address space
A PC is configured to obtain an IPv4 address automatically from network 192.168.1.0/24. The network administrator issues the arp -a command and notices an entry of 192.168.1.255 ff-ff-ff-ff-ff-ff. Which statement describes this entry?
A static map entry