Quiz 3 Lecture 8-9 Forearm and Elbow
How to Perform AP of Distal Humerus of elbow on trauma positisions
First image is Proximal forearm flat on IR with elbow bent Second Image Humerus flat on IR with CR possibly angled slightly to hand
AP of Wrist best demonstrates the
carpal spaces
Axialateral projection of the elbow replaces
45* external Oblique Elbow
Central Ray angle/direction to produce the Axialateral projection of the elbow
45* to the shoulder joint with CR at the Olecranon Process
Axiolateral projection: Structures Present
label the structures I-N I. Semilunar Notch J. Radial Notch of the Ulna K. Humeroradial joint L. Capitellum M. Trochlea of humerus N. Head of Radius
Trauma Projections of the Elbow
AP of Distal Humerus AP Proximal Forearm x-table lateral
Gaynor-Hart and Superiorinferior of the wrist both best demonstrate the
Carpal Tunnel
The proximal radioulnar joint, is formed by the
Radial notch of the Ulna and the head of the Radius.
When Pronating the hand, which bone in the forearm turns medially?
Radius
45 Semi-Pronate oblique of wrist best demonstrates
Scaphoid/Navicular
PA of wrist with Ulnar Deviation best demonstrates the
Scaphoid/Navicular
Stretcher Method of the wrist best demonstrates the
Scaphoid/Navicular
What type of Projection used to best demonstrate Carpal Tunnel?
Tangential
The Proximal Ulna is formed by 2 processes separated by a half moon shaped notch called the
Trochlear notch or the Semilunar Notch
Elbow Lateral best demonstrates
Semilunar Trochlear notch in profile and the Olecranon Process in Profile (fat pads in elbow if injured)
The Olecranon Process and the Coronoid Process are separated by the
Semilunar/Trochlear Notch
Two structures that form the Distalradioulnar Joint
Ulnar notch of the Radius and the Head of the Ulna
What is the depression on the base of the radius (near the wrist)
Ulnar notch of the radius
Describe Gynor-Hart method of Carpal Tunnel
-Forearm parallel with long access of Image Receptor -Hold finger back with opposite hand -Angle CR to 25-30* to Palm of hand (toward elbow) 1" distal to base of 3rd metacarpal
Describe Superiorinferior method of Carpal Tunnel
-Palm of the hand on image receptor standing backward -Patient leaning forward to flex wrist (away from central ray) -CR directed tangential to carpal tunnel skimming it
Jones Method of Elbow
-Pt seated end of table elbow fully flexed 90* -Hand of affected Elbow over opposite shoulder -Center Olecranon Process to middle of Image Receptor -CR 2" above Olecranon Process
Stretcher Method of wrist
-Wrist placed on 20* sponge -PA in Ulnar deviation -CR Perpendicular OR (alt) -PA with Ulnar deviation -CR 20*angle toward elbow.
AP/ medial oblique elbow
A-Medial Epicondyle of Humerus B-Trochlea of Humerus C-Coronoid Process of Ulna D-Lateral Epycondyle of Humerus E-Capitellum of Humerus F-Radial Head G-Radial neck H-Radial Tuberosity K-Trochlea of Humerus L-Coronoid Process of Ulna M-Semilunar/Trochlear notch of the Ulna
Structures Present- AP Projection of the Elbow
A-Medial Epicondyle of Humerus B-Trochlea of Humerus C-Coronoid Process of Ulna D-Radial Head E-Capitellum of Humerus F-Lateral Epicondyle of Humerus H-Olecranon Process of Ulna
Later Projection of the Elbow
A-Superimposed Epicondyles B-Trochlea of Humerus C-Olecranon Process of Ulna D-Capitellum of Humerus E-Head Of Radius F-Radial Tuberosity G-Semilunar Notch of the Ulna
What are the Routine Projections of the Elbow joint
AP 45* Medial (internal) Oblique 45* Lateral (external) Oblique Lateral Axiolateral Lateral
Which Positions are used for Routine Projections on the Forearm
AP Lateral
Flexing of the Fingers on the PA-Wrist Will do what?
Bring the Carpal Bones closer to the IR and lower OID
Condyles of the distal Humerus are named:
Capitellum and Trochlea
Elbow 45* Medial Oblique best demonstrates
Corinoid Process and semilunar notch in profile
Beak-Like process on the anterior of the ulna
Coronoid Process
45* Medial (internal) Obliue Image what is Best demonstrated?
Coronoid Process and the Semilunar Notch of the Ulna in Profile.
The distal radioulnar joint, is formed by the
Depression in the base of the radius(ulnar notch) and the Head of the Ulna
Joint classifications of the Elbow: Humeroulnar joint- Humeroradial joint- Proximal Radiolunar joint-
Humeroulnar joint- Hinge Humeroradial joint- Hinge Proximal Radiolunar joint- Pivot
X-Table Lateral of elbow
IR against patient and CR tube Horizontal to elbow Joint
Fat Pads are only visible on what projection?
Lateral Projection
Where is Radius Located when in True Anatomical Posittion
Lateral side of forearm
Lateral of wrist best demonstrates
Lunate/Semi-Lunar
Which Epicondyle of the Disstal Humerus is palpable?
Medial
What is the Posterior Process of the ulna called
Olecranon Process
Routine Projects for the Wrist
PA Semi-pronated Oblique Semi-Supinated Oblique Lateral
PA-Wrist Central Ray is directed to? (colliminate)
Perp to mid-CARPAL Region -1/2" distal to Ulnar Styloid Process (collimate-base of metacarpals to distal 1/3 of radius and Ulna
45 Semi-Supinated oblique of wrist best demonstrates
Psiform
Elbow 45* External Oblique best demonstrates ( Or Axial Lateral Lateral)
Radial Head free of superinposition
Attachment site of the biceps tendon
Radial Tuberosity (anterior medial near proximal end)
Humeroradial joint in extension is formed by
Radial head and Capitelum of the distal Humerus
45* lateral (external) oblique elbow
Radial head is free of superimposition
Small pointed Processes at the distal ends of the Radius and Ulna are called
Styloid Processes
To Avoid Radial Crossover during an Elbow routine, the hand should be:
Supinated
With the humeroulnar joint in extension, describe the 2 articulations present.
The Coronoid Process of the Ulna articulates with the Trochlea of the Distal Humerus. AND The Olecranon Process of the Ulna articulates with the Olecranon Fossa of the of the Distal Humerus
Which process and Fossa articulate With the humeroulnar joint in flexion:
The Coronoid process of the ulna articulates with the coronoid fossa of the distal Humerus
What is the Placement of Thumb and Elbow forLateral Projection of the Forearm
Thumb up in PA position and Elbow in 90* angle with
