Quiz 3, The Endocrine System
the pineal gland produces the time-keeping hormone, _________.
melatonin
tetany resulting from uncontrolled muscle spasms may indicate a malfunction or deficiency of the _______>
parathyroid gland
hypo secretion of growth hormone during childhood leads to ________
pituitary dwarfism
which endocrine gland is most closely associated with the hypothalamus?
pituitary gland
where are the parathyroid glands located?
posterior surface of the thyroid gland
which two hormones play roles in stimulating and maintaining breast milk production in a nursing mothers breasts and in promoting the milk letdown reflex?
prolactin (PRL) and oxytocin
which of the following is a function of the mineralcorticoids, such as aldosterone?
regulate mineral salt content of the blood
how would you classify a hormone that is made from cholesterol, such as a sex hormone?
steroid hormone
water-soluble hormones, such as proteins and peptide hormones, activate target cells using
the second-messenger system
the body's major metabolic hormone, which is actually two iodine-containing hormones is called ________
thryoid hormone
which of these hormones prods the thyroid gland to release thyroxine (T4)?
thryoid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
what is the target organ of thyrotropic hormone (TH), also known as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?
thyroid
select the statement that best describes the function of tropic hormones
tropic hormones stimulate other endocrine glands to secrete hormones
which of these anterior pituitary hormones regulates the endocrine activity of the cortex region of the adrenal gland (adrenal cortex)?
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
releasing and inhibiting hormones produced by the hypothalamus influence the activities of the ________
anterior pituitary gland
which hormone is alternatively known was vasopressin due to its effect on blood pressure by causing constriction of arterioles (small arteries)?
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
which one of the following is NOT a hormone produced by the anterior pituitary?
antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
which of these hormones regulate calcium levels in the body?
calcitonin and parathyroid hormone (PTH)
the two hormones released by the thyroid gland are________>
calcitonin and thyroid hormones
six-year-old Timothy is small for his age, has dry skin, and scanty hair. he also shows signs of intellectual impairment. what disorder do you suspect?
cretinism
in the second-messenger system, what molecule serves as the second messenger?
cyclic AMP, (cAMP)
the hormone that stimulates follicle development by female ovaries and sperm development by male testes is ________
follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
without iodine in the diet, which thyroid gland disorder may result?
goiter and hypothryoidism
hormones of the hypothalamus stimulate the anterior pituitary gland to secrete its hormones. how would you classify this type of endocrine gland stimulation?
hormonal
which of the following hormones decreases blood glucose levels?
insulin