Quiz 4

The theory that helps explain group interaction that suggests that during communication there are competing tensions pulling conversation in multiple directions is the: A. Dialectical Model. B. Spiraling Model. C. Punctuated Equilibrium D. Multisequence Model.

A. Dialectical Model.

A chart that is a step-by-step diagram of a multistep process is a/an: A. T-chart. B. Action chart (PERT). C. Fish-bone diagram. D. Flowchart.

D. Flowchart.

What is the last step in the traditional problem-solving approach? A. Implementing the solution B. Deciding on the best solution C. Testing solutions with determined criteria D. Discussing the disadvantages of the solution

A. Implementing the solution

The procedure that uses the same principle as brainstorming but has members write their ideas individually before sharing them with the group, is called: A. Nominal-group Technique B. Is/is not analysis C. Journalist's six questions D. PERT chart

A. Nominal-group Technique

The following strategy is suggested for successful brainstorming session: A. Set aside definite amount of time. B. Make sure that each member critiques each idea as it is presented. C. Do not consider reverse brainstorming. D. Allow quiet members to refrain from participating.

A. Set aside definite amount of time.

A chart that lists the pro's and con's while evaluating solutions is: A. T-chart. B. Action chart (PERT). C. Fish-bone diagram. D. Flowchart.

A. T-chart.

According to John Dewey, a reflective thinker considers which of the following questions? A. What is the felt difficulty or concern? B. How many members are in the group? C. What is the importance of the issue at hand? D. How can we improve the quality of the decision?

A. What is the felt difficulty or concern?

A small group is creating a fishbone diagram to analyze the shoplifting problem at a local shopping center. "Many people are shoplifting right now because the economy is so bad," notes Harry. Harry has just identified: A. a cause of the problem B. an effect of the problem C. a symptom of the problem D. a solution to the problem

A. a cause of the problem

"We have never done it this way before" is an example of: A. Poor timing B Analysis of the problem C. Listening to minority viewpoints D. Stinking thinking

A. corresponds with group members informing them of the task and inviting input.

A chart that is a grid that lists the tasks that need to be done and identifies who will be responsible for each task is a/an: A. T-chart. B. Action chart (PERT). C. Fish-bone diagram. D. Flowchart.

B. Action chart (PERT).

Although this method of decision making can be useful as a discussion starter to see where a group stands on a particular issue, it is not usually the best way to make a decision.: A. Decision by minority B. Averaging individual rankings or ratings C. Decision by expert D. Majority vote

B. Averaging individual rankings or ratings

This creative problem-solving method, developed by Alex Osborn, allows group members to list even seemingly wild and crazy ideas in order to address a particular problem. This method is called: A. Reflective thinking B. Brainstorming. C. Is/is not analysis. D. Force field analysis.

B. Brainstorming.

The text describes four phases of group development theorized by Aubrey Fisher. What stage is characterized by members actively trying to persuade one another? A. Orientation B. Conflict C. Emergence D. Reinforcement

B. Conflict

Four members of a five-member team meet to talk after a team meeting. Their conversation centers on the missing member and is composed of statements like, "I wonder why Connor did not show up for the meeting" and "It's not like him not to contact one of us" In which of Poole's activity tracks is this team engaging? A. Topical focus B. Relational activities C. Task- process activities D. Psychotherapeutic activities

B. Relational activities

When brainstorming, what is the key to being successful as described in the text? A. evaluating ideas as they are mentioned B. ruling out the criticism of ideas C. keeping ideas within certain boundaries D. refraining from "piggybacking" off another's ideas

B. ruling out the criticism of ideas

The brainstorming procedure that uses Post-it® notes to sort through and organize ideas, is called: A. Nominal-group technique. B. Electronic brainstorming. C. Affinity technique. D. Delphi technique.

C. Affinity technique.

Which of the following statements is a myth about creativity? A. It is possible to be trained in creative skills. B. There is a clear link between being trained in creative skills and creative competence. C. Creativity is a mysterious process that cannot be learned. D. To be creative is to invent something new that wasn't in existence before you invented it.

C. Creativity is a mysterious process that cannot be learned.

After arguing vehemently on opposite sides during several group meetings, John and Carol have compromised their positions and come to a tentative agreement. Their small group is probably experiencing which phase of development, according to Fisher? A. Orientation B. Conflict C. Emergence D. Reinforcement

C. Emergence

What is SWOT an acronym for? A. Strategies; Weaknesses; Opportunities; Threats B. Simulations; Weaknesses; Opportunities; Threats C. Strengths; Weaknesses; Opportunities; Threats D. Systems; Weaknesses; Opportunities; Threats

C. Strengths; Weaknesses; Opportunities; Threats

Which statement below best explains the descriptive approach to group problem solving? A. Group members need guidelines to follow in problem solving. B. Group members need to be consistently rational in problem solving. C. There is a natural process to group problem solving. D. There is a predetermined agenda to group problem solving.

C. There is a natural process to group problem solving.

In which situation would the brainstorming approach to group problem solving be the best to use? A. when the group is solving a question of fact B. when the group is solving a question of testimony C. when original ideas are needed for a solution D. when limited ideas are needed for a solution

C. when original ideas are needed for a solution

Which is a strategy that can bridge cultural differences? A. Relying on stereotypes. B. Being ethnocentric. C. Being intolerant of ambiguity. D. Being other-oriented.

D. Being other-oriented.

The Pareto Chart lists: A. Issues, costs and effects B. Threats; Weaknesses; Opportunities C. Pros and Cons of solutions D. Causes, source and frequency of problem

D. Causes, source and frequency of problem

The procedure where a group does not have to meet face-to-face to brainstorm ideas is called: A. Nominal-group technique B. Is/is not analysis C. Affinity technique D. Delphi technique

D. Delphi technique

Kurt Lewin, the father of group dynamics, developed which of these problem-solving methods under the assumption that a group knows what goal it wants to achieve? A. Reflective thinking B. Brainstorming C. Is/is not analysis D. Force-field analysis

D. Force-field analysis

A problem-solving group meets to discuss what should be done to increase financial support of their group. Using the traditional (reflective) approach, what should be the first item of importance on their agenda? A. Brainstorm possible solutions B. Analyze the possible causes of the problem C. Discuss possible solutions to the problem D. Identify and define the problem

D. Identify and define the problem

Which one of the following is one of Broome and Fulbright's top ten barriers for problem solving? A. Lack of compatibility B. Lack of listening C. Lack of ingenuity D. Lack of cultural sensitivity

D. Lack of cultural sensitivity

A spirit of unity characterizes this phase of Fisher's four developmental phases: A. Orientation B. Conflict C. Emergence D. Reinforcement

D. Reinforcement

In the Delphi Technique, the leader: A. corresponds with group members informing them of the task and inviting input. B. rejects ideas as she reads through them. C. asks one group member to summarize responses. D. sends comments back to each participant as she reads through their ideas.

D. Stinking thinking

The greatest problem in making a group decision by majority vote is that: A. a majority decision never involves discussion. B. majority decisions do not allow input from all members. C. a decision made by majority vote will be difficult to implement because it does not enjoy widespread acceptance. D. when making a decision by majority, groups may sacrifice decision quality and group cohesiveness for efficiency.

D. when making a decision by majority, groups may sacrifice decision quality and group cohesiveness for efficiency.