Quiz 7 - 9 + 10
) Which of the following statements is true of data with granularity? A) Granularity refers to the level of detail represented by the data. B) If granularity is too coarse, data can be made finer by summing and combining. C) The granularity of clickstream data is too coarse. D) If granularity is too coarse, data can be separated into constituent parts using regression.
A
A ________ is a data collection that addresses the needs of a particular department or functional area of a business. A) data mart B) data room C) datasheet D) dataspace
A
According to Brooks' Law, adding more people to a late project ________. A) makes the project later B) decreases the overall cost C) requires decreased staff coordination D) increases the project's timeline
A
Developers in the ________ phase of the systems development life cycle use management's statement of the system needs in order to begin developing a new information system. A) system definition B) requirements analysis C) component design D) implementation
A
During requirements definition, a development team's composition would be typically heavy with ________. A) systems analysts B) programmers C) business users D) beta testers
A
During the requirements analysis phase of the systems development life cycle, the development team will create a(n) ________ if the new system involves a new database or substantial changes to an existing database. A) data model B) prototype C) archetype D) test plan
A
Olive Inc., a chain of retail outlets, is converting its existing billing systems to a more robust online tool. In this process, the organization runs both the old and the new systems to compare their performances. In this case, the company is implementing the new system using ________ installation. A) parallel B) pilot C) plunge D) phased
A
The easiest and cheapest time to alter the information system is in the ________ phase of the systems development life cycle. A) requirements analysis B) system definition C) component design D) implementation
A
The process of creating and maintaining information systems is called ________. A) systems development B) systems acquisition C) systems definition D) systems design
A
The source, format, assumptions, constraints, and other facts concerning certain data are called ________. A) metadata B) data structures C) microdata D) network packets
A
Which of the following statements is true of a data warehouse? A) A data warehouse is larger than a data mart. B) A data warehouse functions like a retail store in a supply chain. C) Users in a data warehouse obtain data pertaining to a business function from a data mart. D) Data analysts who work with a data warehouse are experts in a particular business function.
A
Which of the following styles of system conversion shuts off the old system and starts the new system? A) plunge installation B) parallel installation C) pilot installation D) phased installation
A
_______ is an unsupervised data mining technique in which statistical techniques identify groups of entities that have similar characteristics. A) Cluster analysis B) Content indexing C) Regression analysis D) Cloud computing
A
________ are reports produced when something out of predefined bounds occurs. A) Exception reports B) Static reports C) Dynamic reports D) Subscriptions
A
________ are user requests for particular business intelligence results on a particular schedule or in response to particular events. A) Subscriptions B) Third-party cookies C) Static reports D) Dynamic reports
A
________ is the process of delivering business intelligence to users without any request from the users. A) Push publishing B) Pull publishing C) Data acquisition D) Data mining
A
________ is an open-source program supported by the Apache Foundation that manages thousands of computers and implements MapReduce. A) Hadoop B) BigData C) Linux D) Apache Wave
A`
A comprehensive test plan should ________. A) not include the incorrect actions that users will take B) cause every line of program code to be executed C) cause only critical error messages to be displayed D) be constructed by product quality assurance (PQA) personnel alone
B
According to Brooks' Law, which of the following is a likely consequence of adding more people to late projects? A) The work allocation per team member increases. B) The costs of training new people can overwhelm the benefits of their contribution. C) Beyond a workgroup of about 20 employees, economies of scale begin to take over. D) It allows the managers to extend the timeline of the project.
B
In a ________ installation, the new system runs alongside the old one until it has been tested and is fully operational. A) pilot B) parallel C) phased D) plunge
B
In the case of ________, data miners develop models prior to conducting analyses and then apply statistical techniques to data to estimate parameters of the models. A) pull publishing techniques B) supervised data mining C) push publishing techniques D) unsupervised data mining
B
Software vendors usually bundle fixes of low-priority problems into ________. A) patches B) service packs C) bugs D) product keys
B
The first step in defining a new information system is to ________. A) assess the feasibility of the project B) define the goals and scope of the project C) determine the schedule and budget for the project D) form the project team
B
The more attributes there are in a sample data, the easier it is to build a model that fits the sample data, but that is worthless as a predictor. Which of the following best explains this phenomenon? A) the free rider problem B) the curse of dimensionality C) the tragedy of the commons D) the zero-sum game
B
Which of the following is a fundamental category of business intelligence (BI) analysis? A) data acquisition B) data mining C) push publishing D) pull publishing
B
Which of the following is true of information systems? A) They are off-the-shelf software without adaptation. B) They can be adapted to fit business needs. C) They cannot be purchased as off-the-shelf software. D) They cannot be tailor made.
B
Which of the following is true with regards to bigger and longer projects? A) diseconomies of scale are less B) the changes in requirements increases C) the average contribution per worker increases D) project budgeting and scheduling becomes easy
B
Which of the following refers to data in the form of rows and columns? A) granulated data B) structured data C) nonintegrated data D) problematic data
B
Which of the following statements is true of business intelligence (BI) publishing alternatives? A) The skills required to publish static content are extremely high. B) Publishing dynamic BI is more difficult than publishing static content. C) For static content, the skill required to create a publishing application is high. D) For Web servers, push options are manual.
B
Which of the following statements is true of unsupervised data mining? A) Analysts apply data mining techniques to estimate the parameters of a developed model. B) Analysts create hypotheses only after performing an analysis. C) Regression analysis is the most commonly used unsupervised data mining technique. D) Data miners develop models prior to performing an analysis.
B
While designing ________, a development team must produce design documentation for writing computer code. A) off-the-shelf-with-alteration software B) custom-developed programs C) off-the-shelf software D) cloud-based systems
B
________ refers to the level of detail represented by data. A) Abstraction B) Granularity C) Dimensionality D) Aggregation
B
________ requires users to request business intelligence results. A) Push publishing B) Pull publishing C) Data acquisition D) Data mining
B
n which of the following phases of the systems development life cycle do developers identify the particular features and functions of a new system? A) system definition B) requirement analysis C) component design D) implementation
B
A ________ is a facility for managing an organization's business intelligence data. A) datasheet B) dataspace C) data warehouse D) data room
C
In a ________ installation, an organization implements an entire system on a limited portion of the business. A) phased B) parallel C) pilot D) plunge
C
Regression analysis is used in ________. A) static reporting B) exception reporting C) supervised data mining D) unsupervised data mining
C
Software developers group fixes for high priority failures into a ________ that can be applied to all copies of a given product. A) service pack B) bug C) patch D) product key
C
The ________ approach is the classical process used to develop information systems. A) rapid application development (RAD) B) object-oriented design (OOD) C) systems development life cycle (SDLC) D) extreme programming (XP)
C
The goal of ________, a type of business intelligence analysis, is to create information about past performance. A) push publishing B) data mining C) reporting D) BigData
C
The primary purpose of the requirements analysis phase is to ________. A) eliminate obviously nonsensible projects before forming a project development team B) identify the requisite skills needed in the IT personnel assigned to the project C) determine and document the specific features and functions of the new system D) investigate how much similar projects have cost in the past
C
The results generated in the Map phase are combined in the ________ phase. A) Pig B) control C) Reduce D) construct
C
The use of an organization's operational data as the source data for a BI system is not usually recommended because it ________. A) is not possible to create reports based on operational data B) is not possible to perform business intelligence analyses on operational data C) requires considerable processing and can drastically reduce system performance D) considers only external data and not internal data regarding an organization's functions
C
When compared to program development, systems development is ________. A) narrower in focus B) less comprehensive C) broader in scope D) more technical
C
Which is the most important phase in the systems development process? A) defining the goals and scope of the new information system B) implementing the information system C) determining the system's requirements D) adapting systems to changes in requirements
C
Which of the following activities in the business intelligence process involves delivering business intelligence to the knowledge workers who need it? A) data acquisition B) BI analysis C) publish results D) data mining
C
Which of the following is the most expensive style of system conversion? A) pilot installation B) phased installation C) parallel installation D) plunge installation
C
Which of the following personnel design the procedures for a business information system? A) testers B) programmers C) systems analysts D) business analysts
C
Which of the following personnel on a development team have the final say on whether a system is ready for use? A) managers B) systems analysts C) users D) PQA personnel
C
Which of the following problems is particularly common for data that have been gathered over time? A) wrong granularity B) lack of integration C) lack of consistency D) missing values
C
Which of the following statements is true of Hadoop? A) Hadoop is written in C++ and runs on Linux. B) Hadoop includes a query language entitled Big. C) Hadoop is an open-source program that implements MapReduce. D) Technical skills are not required to run and use Hadoop.
C
Which of the following statements is true of the composition of a development team over the different phases of the systems development life cycle? A) During conversion, the team will be heavy with database designers. B) During requirements definition, the team will be heavy with testers and database designers. C) During integrated testing and conversion, the team will be augmented with business users. D) During design and implementation, the team will be augmented with business users.
C
Which of the following statements is true with regard to system maintenance? A) Software developers usually bundle fixes for low-priority problems into a patch. B) IS personnel prioritize system problems on a first-come-first-served basis. C) All commercial software products are shipped with known failures. D) Service packs are developed to fix a single problem at a time.
C
Which of the following steps in the systems definition process aims to eliminate obviously nonsensible projects? A) defining the system goals and scope B) forming the project team C) assessing the project feasibility D) planning the project
C
_______ are business intelligence documents that are fixed at the time of creation and do not change. A) Subscriptions B) Third-party cookies C) Static reports D) Exception reports
C
_______ techniques emerged from the combined discipline of statistics, mathematics, artificial intelligence, and machine-learning. A) Push publishing B) Pull publishing C) Data mining D) Exception reporting
C
________ is the application of statistical techniques to find patterns and relationships among data for classification and prediction. A) Data encryption B) Push publishing C) Data mining D) Pull publishing
C
________ process operational and other data in organizations to analyze past performance and make predictions. A) Virtualization software B) Live migration techniques C) Business intelligence systems D) Windowing systems
C
) In the ________ phase, a BigData collection is broken into pieces and hundreds or thousands of independent processors search these pieces for something of interest. A) crash B) control C) Pig D) Map
D
Problematic data are referred to as ________. A) rough data B) clickstream data C) granular data D) dirty data
D
System ________ refers to the process of changing the business activity from an old information system to a new system. A) definition B) testing C) analysis D) conversion
D
The ________ of business intelligence servers maintains metadata about the authorized allocation of business intelligence results to users. A) exception report B) dynamic report C) delivery function D) management function
D
The purpose of a ________ is to extract data from operational systems and other sources, clean the data, and store and catalog that data for processing by business intelligence tools. A) data mart B) data center C) data room D) data warehouse
D
Users in a data mart obtain data that pertain to a particular business function from a ________. A) data room B) data center C) datasheet D) data warehouse
D
Which of the following is a typical concern for developers while using prototypes? A) comparing a system's features with requirements B) understanding a system's complete requirements C) assessing a system's technical feasibility D) developing a uniform funding solution for the system
D
Which of the following is the first phase of the systems development life cycle process? A) requirements analysis B) business planning process C) implementation D) system definition
D
Which of the following is true of systems development? A) It has little need for human relations skills as tasks are performed by individuals and not by groups. B) It is exclusively a technical task undertaken by programmers and hardware specialists. C) It has lesser scope than computer program development. D) It requires business knowledge and an understanding of group dynamics.
D
Which of the following statements is true of BigData? A) BigData contains only structured data. B) BigData has low velocity and is generated slowly. C) BigData cannot store graphics, audio, and video files. D) BigData refers to data sets that are at least a petabyte in size.
D
Which of the following statements is true of business intelligence (BI) systems? A) Business intelligence systems are primarily used for developing software systems and data mining applications. B) The four standard components of business intelligence systems are software, procedures, applications, and programs. C) The software component of a business intelligence system is called an intelligence database. D) Business intelligence systems analyze an organization's past performance to make predictions.
D
_______ feasibility concerns whether the new information system fits within a company's customs, culture, charter, or legal requirements. A) Technical B) Cost C) Schedule D) Organizational
D
________ is the process of obtaining, cleaning, organizing, relating, and cataloging source data. A) Data interpretation B) Pull publishing C) Push publishing D) Data acquisition
D
________ is the process of sorting, grouping, summing, filtering, and formatting structured data. A) Push publishing B) Pull publishing C) Cloud computing D) Reporting analysis
D
________ is used to measure the impact of a set of variables on another variable during data mining. A) Cluster analysis B) Context indexing C) Cloud computing D) Regression analysis
D
________ reports are business intelligence documents that are updated at the time they are requested. A) Subscriptions B) Third-party cookies C) Static D) Dynamic
D
________ testing is the process of allowing future system users to try out the new system on their own. A) Unit B) Alpha C) Integration D) Beta
D
A printed sales analysis is an example of a dynamic report.
F
Actual systems development generally works in accordance with the waterfall nature of the systems development life cycle.
F
An advantage of data warehouses is the low cost required to create, staff, and operate them.
F
BigData has low velocity and is generated slowly.
F
Brooks' Law holds true because a larger staff requires decreased coordination.
F
Business analysts integrate the work of the programmers, testers, and users.
F
Cluster analysis measures the impact of a set of variables on another variable.
F
Data marts are usually larger than data warehouses.
F
Data mining is the process of obtaining, cleaning, organizing, relating, and cataloging source data.
F
Estimates of labor hours and completion dates are accurate for large, multiyear projects.
F
External data purchased from outside resources are not included in data warehouses.
F
For dynamic content, the skills required to create a publishing application are low.
F
If the granularity of certain data is too coarse, the data can be separated into constituent parts using statistical techniques.
F
In a pilot installation, a new system is installed in phases across the organization.
F
In terms of software design for custom-developed programs, the development team identifies off-the-shelf products and then determines the alterations required.
F
Information systems can be acquired off-the-shelf with adaptation.
F
Mock-ups of forms and reports can generate similar benefits as a working prototype.
F
Organizational feasibility refers to estimating the time it will take to complete a project.
F
Project management is one of the few domains in which business intelligence is rarely used.
F
Pull publishing delivers business intelligence to users without any request from the users.
F
Regression analysis is used to identify groups of entities that have similar characteristics.
F
Reporting analysis is used primarily for classifying and predicting BI data.
F
Static reports are business intelligence documents that are updated at the time they are requested.
F
Systems development is easy and risk-free.
F
The curse of dimensionality states that the more attributes there are, the more difficult it is to build a model that fits the sample data.
F
The goals and scope of a new information system are determined during the requirements analysis phase of the systems development life cycle.
F
The granularity in clickstream data is too coarse.
F
The security needs of an information system are determined during the component design phase of the systems development life cycle.
F
The software component of a business intelligence system is called a business intelligence database.
F
Using BI for identifying changes in the purchasing patterns of customers is a labor-intensive process.
F
A data warehouse is a facility for managing an organization's business intelligence data.
T
A development team's composition changes over time.
T
As development teams become larger, the average contribution per worker decreases.
T
Beta testing is the last phase of the testing process.
T
BigData has volume, velocity, and variation characteristics that far exceed those of traditional reporting and data mining.
T
BigData refers to data sets that are at least a petabyte in size.
T
Business intelligence enables police departments to better utilize their personnel through predictive-policing.
T
Business intelligence systems are information systems that process operational and other data to analyze past performance and to make predictions.
T
Data analysts who work with data warehouses are not usually experts in a given business function.
T
Data granularity refers to the level of detail represented by data.
T
Data marts are data collections that address the needs of a particular department or functional area of a business.
T
Facts about data, such as its source, format, assumptions, and constraints, are called metadata.
T
Interviews are conducted with system users in the requirements analysis phase of the systems development life cycle.
T
MapReduce is a technique for harnessing the power of thousands of computers working in parallel.
T
One of the major challenges in systems development is changing technology.
T
Plunge installation is sometimes called direct installation.
T
Problematic data are termed dirty data.
T
Publish results is the process of delivering business intelligence to the knowledge workers who need it.
T
Push options are manual when emails or collaboration tools are used for BI publishing.
T
Structured data is data in the form of rows and columns.
T
Testing is often called product quality assurance (PQA).
T
The cost feasibility of a systems development project depends on the scope of the project.
T
The data that an organization purchases from data vendors can act as the source data for a business intelligence system.
T
The description of fixes and new requirements is the input to a system maintenance phase of a systems development life cycle.
T
The maintenance phase can start another cycle of the systems development life cycle.
T
The management function of BI servers maintains metadata about the authorized allocation of BI results to users.
T
The systems development life cycle process is supposed to operate in a sequence of nonrepetitive phases.
T
The third phase of the systems development life cycle is the component design phase.
T
Users in a data mart obtain data that pertain to a particular business function from a data warehouse.
T
With unsupervised data mining, analysts do not create a model or hypothesis before running the analysis.
T
Projects that spend much time ________ are sometimes said to be in analysis paralysis. A) in the system definition phase of the SDLC B) on project scheduling C) documenting requirements D) designing system components
c
During the ________ phase of the systems development life cycle process, developers construct, install, and test the components of the information system. A) requirements analysis B) database design C) feasibility assessment D) implementation
d
Normal processing procedures for operations personnel involve procedures ________. A) for continuing operations when the system fails B) for backing up data and other resources C) for using the system to accomplish business tasks D) for starting, stopping, and operating the system
d
Which of the following is a major concern for developers in a systems development life cycle process? A) having to work with a team of specialists B) moving through the unstructured phases of the cycle C) agreeing on the basic tasks to be performed to build a system D) performing repetitive tasks of a completed phase
d
Information systems involve people and procedures, so they can never be off-the-shelf.
t