Quiz 7

Which part of a neuron transmits an electrical signal to a target cell?

Axon

Varying degrees of contractive force in a skeletal muscle are generated through the process of what?

Motor unit recruitment

A muscle-forming stem cell is called a what?

Myoblast

The following types of glial cells (supportive cells) are responsible for helping to synthesize myelin, the insulation of axons:______ in the central nervous system (CNS) and_______in the peripheral nervous system (PNS

Oligodendrocytes; Schwann cells

In muscular hypertrophy, what happens to muscle fibers?

Structural proteins are added and cell diameter increases

Which of the following is not a type of muscle tissue?

Elastic Muscle

The two general types of cells found in the nervous system are ____and_____

Neurons; glial cells

Which of the following terms would be used in the name of a muscle that moves the leg away from the body?

abductor

What neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction?

acetylcholine

Slow oxidative (SO) muscle fibers

Use primarily aerobic respiration

Upon skeletal muscle membrane depolarization, what structures are triggered to open?

Voltage-gated sodium channels

Which of the following helps an agonist work?

a synergist

The nervous system is involved in receiving________about the environment around and then generating_________to that information

information, responses

Which part of a neuron contains the nucleus?

soma

Which of the following statements is corrèct about what happens during flexion?

The angle between bones is decreased

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

The white matter of the CNS is made up of bundles of axons The gray matter of the CNS is made up of numerous neuron cell bodies Both A and B are correct

All but which of the following are characteristics of aerobic respiration?

Glycolysis

Smooth muscle tissue can be found in all but which of the following places?

Heart

Which structures of cardiac muscle allows the cells to contract in waves so the heart can work as a pump?

Intercalated discs

What two types of macromolecules are the main components of myelin?

phospholipids and proteins

A synapse is the location where the axon of a neuron connect with another neuron or a muscle fiber. The following characteristic(s) are always present in chemical synapses:

presynaptic element neurotransmitter (packaged in vesicles) synaptic cleft receptor proteins All the above are present

Where does amuscle fiber first respond to signaling from a motor neuron?

Neuromuscular Junction

All of the following are functions of skeletal muscles except for which?

Regulate blood pressure

The functional unit of a muscle fiber is called what?

Sarcomere

The threshold membrane potential difference is

-55m/V

The resting membrane potential is primarily due to the differences in concentrations of which ions?

Sodium and potassium

Which of the following voltages would most likely be measured during the relative refractory period?

-80 mv

Various chemical methods work together to maintain what is called the normal resting membrane potential difference between the inside and the outside of each neuron. This resting membrane potential is

70mV

Which type of contraction allows a muscle to produce tension without changing the angle of a skeletal joint or moving a load?

A motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates

Which of the following is probably going to propagate an action potential fastest?

A thick, myelinated axon

Orice an action potential is initiated in a neuron, that depolarication then is

A. propagated B. contnuousdy conducted in an unmyelinated nerve fiber C.conducted in a saltatory manner in a myelinated nerve iber A,B, and c are correct

In the Sliding Filament Model of Contraction, actin and myosin filaments slide past one another using what as an energy source?

ATP

Which two proteins interact to cause a contraction in skeletal muscle?

Actin and Myosin

The division of the nervous system that includes the brain and the spinal cord is the _________ nervous system

Centeral

Which property allows muscle tissue to pull on its attachment points and shorten with force?

Contractility

Voltage-gated sodium channels open upon reaching what state?

Threshold

How is Treppe different from Tetanus?

Treppe occurs with relaxation in between stimuli

The skeletal muscles are divided into__________(muscles of the trunk and head) and_________ (muscles of the arms and legs) categories

axial, appendicular

Which part of a neuron transmits an electrical signal to a target cell?

axon

Which of these locations is where the greatest level of integration is taking place in the example of testing the temperature of something?

cerebral cortex

Which of these locations is where the impulses to cause a movement, for example away from a stimulus, are initiated?

cerebral cortex

Which of the following cavities contains a component of the central nervous system?

cranial

If a thermoreceptor is sensitive to temperature sensations, what would a chemoreceptor be sensitive to?

molecules

Think about the things that you do each day-talking, walking, sitting, standing, and running-all of these activities require movement of particular

skeletal muscles, joints

The nervous ______system is responsible for conscious perception and voluntary motor responses. The _________nervous system is responsible for involuntary control of the body

somatic, autonomic

Which is moved the least during muscle contraction?

the origin

Sensory neurons have nerve endings in the skin that can sense a stimulus. Which of the following are examples of sensory neurons in the skin?

touch heat pain