Quiz 9--Chapter 20

1. Which of the following encouraged the European powers to surrender their African colonies? a. European powers were too deep in debt to invest more in pacifying the discontented Africans. b. The United States encouraged decolonization, but the USSR opposed it. c. The European powers determined that it was time to live up to their Enlightenment ideals. d. The treaty ending World War II called for immediate decolonization.

a.European powers were too deep in debt to invest more in pacifying the discontented Africans.

1. Which of the following was a consequence of Rachel Carson's book, The Silent Spring? a. It led to the environmental movement which questioned many of the ideas about economic progress and material prosperity upon which the "American Dream" had rested. b. It led to the creation of the Pure Food and Drug Act. c. It led to more pesticides being used on crops in Third World countries in order to increase food production. d. It, along with Betty Friedan's The Feminine Mystique, created the modern women's liberation movement.

a.It led to the environmental movement which questioned many of the ideas about economic progress and material prosperity upon which the "American Dream" had rested.

What was the Marshall Plan's goal? a. Its goal was to limit the appeal of communism in Europe by providing grants for reconstruction to democratic governments. b. Its goal was to build an "iron curtain" across the center of Europe, blocking the expansion of communism. c. Its goal was to humiliate the Soviets by showing how little resources the Soviets could muster to rebuild Europe. d. Its goal was to ensure that eastern European states would have communist governments, providing a buffer between the USSR and Germany.

a.Its goal was to limit the appeal of communism in Europe by providing grants for reconstruction to democratic governments.

Which of the following was one of the principal causes of World War II? a. Resentment lingered over the punitive treaties imposed after World War I. b. Communism failed to expand its presence in Europe. c. The Great Depression led to decreased military spending in Germany and Japan, which invited aggression from their neighbors. d. The Germans and the Russians had a long-standing agreement to divide the world between them.

a.Resentment lingered over the punitive treaties imposed after World War I.

Why did the development of more effective nuclear weapons ultimately decrease the risk of a direct confrontation between the United States and the USSR? a. The spread of nuclear weapons to other states created new common enemies for the old allies. b. Any conflict that involved nuclear weapons had the potential to destroy the world. c. Cooperating to develop the new weapons minimized the tension between the two powers. d. Both countries felt secure in their own arsenals and were less concerned about their individual rivals.

b.Any conflict that involved nuclear weapons had the potential to destroy the world.

1. Which Cold War event brought the world closest to nuclear war? a. The Bay of Pigs invasion b. The Cuban Missile Crisis c. The Battle of Dien Bien Phu d. The Prague Spring

b.The Cuban Missile Crisis

During the Cold War, what did the United States and the Soviet Union expect from Third World countries? a. They expected them to adapt elements from First World and Second World political philosophies to their own specific circumstances. b. They expected them to join one or the other of the two opposing Cold War camps. c. They expected them to remain politically neutral. d. They expected them to encourage world peace and nuclear disarmament.

b.They expected them to join one or the other of the two opposing Cold War camps.

Which of the following issues led to the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union? a. They both wanted to colonize western Europe's former colonies. b. They had been on opposing sides during World War I and II. c. They had diametrically opposed political and economic ideologies. d. Their expanding overseas empires impinged on one another, creating borderland conflicts.

c.They had diametrically opposed political and economic ideologies.

Which of the following is a reason why historians have described World War II as a total global conflict? a. All countries in the world were involved in the war, suffering severe financial losses and dislocation to their economies. b. Class, race, and gender boundaries were dissolved by the needs of total war in all the combating nations. c. World War II led to significant transformations of all the major prewar forms of government. d. Fighting in World War II took place on three continents and included soldiers from all continents except Antarctica.

d.Fighting in World War II took place on three continents and included soldiers from all continents except Antarctica.

Which of the following was the main reason that the United States became involved in the conflict between North and South Vietnam? a. The United States became involved in order to get access to petroleum reserves off the eastern coast of Vietnam. b. The United States supported North Vietnam because it admired Ho's nationalist goals. c. The United States felt it could be a neutral arbitrator in the region, since the United States had not been a colonial power in the region. d. The United States supported South Vietnam because it feared the spread of communism throughout Southeast Asia.

d.The United States supported South Vietnam because it feared the spread of communism throughout Southeast Asia.