Quiz ch 16
Mineralocorticoid is to aldosterone as glucocorticoid is to ________. A. cortisol B. testosterone C. estrogen D. epinephrine
A
What ion is sometimes used as a second messenger of amino acid-based hormones? A. calcium B. sodium C. iron D. chlorine
A
What is the primary function of hormones? A. alter cell activity B. stimulate meiosis C. cause allergic reactions D. activate extracellular enzymes
A
Which of the following is not a steroid-based hormone? A. epinephrine B. aldosterone C. cortisone D. estrogen
A
Aldosterone ________. A. is secreted by the neurohypophysis B. presence increases potassium concentration in the blood C. functions to increase sodium reabsorption D. production is greatly influenced by ACTH
C
The hypothalamic-hypophyseal tract ________. A. is the site of prolactin synthesis B. connects the hypophysis to the pituitary gland C. is partly contained within the infundibulum D. conducts aldosterone to the hypophysis
C
The major targets of growth hormone are ________. A. kidneys B. the blood vessels C. bones and skeletal muscles D. the adrenal glands
C
The second-messenger mechanism of hormone action operates by ________. A. synthesizing more of the hormone than is actually needed B. not responding to a feedback mechanism C. binding to specific receptors and employing the services of G proteins and cAMP D. increasing the basal metabolic rate in the target organ
C
Thyroid hormone (a small iodinated amine) enters target cells in a manner similar to ________. A. insulin, because insulin is a small peptide B. growth hormone, because the thyroid works synergistically with thyroid hormone C. steroid hormones, because both diffuse easily into target cells D. glucagon, because the structure of glucagon is similar to that of thyroid hormone
C
Which pancreatic hormone functions to lower blood glucose levels? A. somatostatin B. glucagon C. insulin D. Meibomian pancreatic polypeptide
C
Direct gene activation involves a second-messenger system. True False
false
Follicle cells of the thyroid gland produce thyroglobulin, while follicle cells of the parathyroid produce calcitonin. True False
false
ADH ________. A. promotes dehydration B. is inhibited by alcohol C. is produced in the adenohypophysis D. increases urine production
B
Which hormone is the body's major metabolic hormone? A. antidiuretic hormone B. thyroid hormone C. adrenocorticotropic hormone D. parathyroid hormone
B
Which of the following hormone pairs are antagonists that regulate blood calcium ion levels? A. insulin/glucagon B. parathyroid hormone/calcitonin C. thyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone D. FSH/LH
B
Which of the following hormones mainly serves to stimulate milk production by the breasts? A. Adrenocorticotropic hormone B. Prolactin C. Follicle-stimulating hormone D. Thyroid-stimulating hormone
B
ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex to release corticosteroid hormones. True False
true
All of the following hormones are secreted by the adenohypophysis: ACTH, FSH, and LH. True False
true
The stimuli causing endocrine glands to secrete their hormones in direct response to changing blood levels of certain critical ions and nutrients are called ______________. A. neural stimuli B. hormonal stimuli C. endocrinal stimuli D. humoral stimuli
D
Which of the following glands is found atop the kidneys? A. Thyroid B. Parathyroid C. Pituitary D. Adrenal
D
Which of the following is not a cardinal sign of diabetes mellitus? A. polyphagia B. polyuria C. polydipsia D. All of these are signs.
D
Which of the following is not an endocrine gland? A. Adrenal B. Pituitary C. Thyroid D. Adenoid
D
_____ is the situation when one hormone cannot exert its full effects without another hormone being present. A. Activism B. Synergism C. Antagonism D. Permissiveness
D
________ are hormones synthesized from cholesterol.
steroids
