quiz elimination

The father of a 2-year-old boy recently diagnosed with hemophilia A asks the nurse how to prevent complications for his son. The best response would be:

"Avoid administering aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs."

A client presents to his physician with a red face, hands, feet, and ears; a headache; and drowsiness. A blood smear reveals an increased number of erythrocytes. Based on the laboratory results, the nurse prepares teaching material for which disease process?

Polycythemia

As part of their orientation to a cardiac care unit, a group of recent nursing graduates is receiving a refresher in cardiac physiology from the unit educator. Which teaching point bestcaptures a component of cardiac function?

"The diastolic phase is characterized by relaxation of ventricles and their filling with blood."

Cardiac output (CO) is used to measure the efficiency of the heart as a pump. What is the equation used to express CO?

CO = SV × HR

A nurse is performing client health education with a 68-year-old man who has recently been diagnosed with heart failure. Which statement demonstrates an accurate understanding of his new diagnosis?

"I'm trying to think of ways that I can cut down the amount of salt that I usually eat."

Which teaching point would be most appropriate for a group of older adults who are concerned about their cardiac health?

"The plaque that builds up in your heart vessels obstructs the normal flow of blood and can even break loose and lodge itself in a vessel."

A client has a postvoid residual (PVR) volume of 250 mL. Which information would the nurse tell the client?

"This value indicates you are having difficulty emptying your bladder."

The nursing students have learned in class that causes of urinary obstruction and urinary incontinence include which of the following? Select all that apply.

- Structural changes in the bladder - Structural changes in the urethra - Impairment of neurologic control of bladder function SUBMIT ANSWER

How many days do erythrocytes live in circulation?

120 days

The nurse is monitoring hourly urine output of a client diagnosed with hypovolemic shock. The nurse is most concerned if the client's output is:

20 mL/hour

In which situation is blood most likely to be rapidly relocated from central circulation to the lower extremities?

A client is helped out of bed and stands up.

What laboratory markers are most commonly used to diagnose acute pancreatitis?

Amylase and cholesterol

There are two pathways that can be activated by the coagulation process. One pathway begins when factor XII is activated. The other pathway begins when there is trauma to a blood vessel. What are these pathways?

Clotting and bleeding pathways

Crohn disease is recognized by sharply demarcated, granulomatous lesions that are surrounded by normal-appearing mucosal tissue. The nurse recognizes these lesions to be defined by which description?

Cobblestone

A 57-year-old man is diagnosed with thrombocytopenia. The nurse knows that thrombocytopenia refers to a decrease in the number of circulating platelets. The nurse also knows that thrombocytopenia can result from what?

Decreased platelet production

An older male comes to the clinic with the chief report of having difficulty voiding. The physician diagnoses him with a lower urinary tract obstruction and stasis. What should the nurse suspect to be the most frequent cause of this client's problem?

Enlargement of prostate gland

All of the following interventions are ordered STAT for a client stung by a bee who is experiencing severe respiratory distress and faintness. Which priority intervention will the nurse administer first?

Epinephrine

Which of the following is the most common cause of lower uncomplicated urinary tract infections?

Escherichia coli

Parents of a 20-month-old infant report that he refuses food or eats poorly and that he grimaces when he swallows. He also is irritable and cries a lot. The mother is worried that he ate something inappropriate this morning, because he vomited something that looked like coffee grounds. Which health problem would the care team first suspect?

Esophagitis from gastrointestinal reflux

Good hand-washing techniques are important in health care. The nurse knows that bacterial infections can be prevented by good hand washing techniques. Which route of transmission is most common for Clostridium difficile?

Fecal-oral transmission

In clients with acute diarrhea, many require no treatment. However, the nurse knows the priority assessment in all clients with diarrhea is:

Fluid and electrolyte status

A 20-year-old college student has a pelvic fracture and a severed leg from a motorcycle accident. She lost several units of blood. When the student arrived in the emergency department, her blood pressure was very low, her pulse was high, and her skin was pale. The nurse knows that this client has developed which type of shock?

Hypovolemic

A 22 year-old student has developed a fever and diarrhea while on a backpacking trip in Southeast Asia. His oral temperature is 101.4°F (38.6°C). The diarrhea is bloody, frequent, and small in volume. These clinical manifestations are distressing enough that he is visiting a local medical clinic in the area. Which diagnosis best characterizes this health problem?

Inflammatory diarrhea

Crohn disease is treated by several measures. Treatment with sulfasalazine will focus on which aspect of this disease?

Inflammatory suppression

The nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with anemia and notes that the client's skin and mucous membranes are pale. The nurse interprets this as:

Insufficient hemoglobin

A client was recently diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. The nurse anticipates which treatment to be prescribed?

Iron supplementation and dietary teaching

The heart is a four-chambered pump. Which chamber of the heart pumps blood into the systemic circulation?

Left ventricle

When caring for the client with portal hypertension and ascites, which dietary intervention does the nurse suggest to prevent the progression of fluid accumulation?

Limit intake of sodium.

A nurse is assessing a female client and notes that her left arm is swollen from the shoulder down to the fingers, with non-pitting edema. The right arm is normal. The client had a left-sided mastectomy 1 year ago. What does the nurse suspect is the problem?

Lymphedema

Crohn disease not only affects adults but also can occur in children. The nurse assesses for which major manifestation in children with Crohn disease?

Malnutrition

The nursing instructor, while teaching about incontinence in older adults, informs the students that which of the following is true?

Urinary incontinence is a common problem in older adults, both male and female.

Upon admission, a client tells the nurse that he takes aspirin every 4 hours every day. The nurse determines that this client is at risk for:

Peptic ulcer

Peptic ulcers can affect one or all layers of the stomach or duodenum. Ulcers that penetrate through the muscularis layer are classified as which type of ulcer?

Perforation

After several months of persistent heartburn, a 57-year-old female client has been diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which treatment regimen is likely to best address the woman's health problem?

Proton pump inhibitors; avoiding large meals; remaining upright after meals

After several months of persistent heartburn, an adult client has been diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which treatment regimen is likely to be prescribed for this client's GERD?

Proton pump inhibitors; avoiding large meals; remaining upright after meals

The heart is a four-chambered pump. What is the function of the right ventricle?

Pumps blood to the lungs

A nurse preceptor is evaluating the skills of a new registered nurse (RN) caring for clients experiencing shock. Which action by the new RN indicates a need for more education?

Raising the head of the bed to a high Fowler's position

Celiac disease commonly presents in infancy as failure to thrive. It is an inappropriate T-cell-mediated immune response, and there is no cure for it. What is the treatment of choice for celiac disease?

Removal of gluten from the diet

A client has had an acute myocardial infarction (MI). The brother of the client has a history of angina. The client asks how he will know if his brother's pain is angina or if the brother is actually having an MI. Which statement is correct?

Rest and intake of nitroglycerin relieve chest pain with angina; they do not relieve chest pain with an MI.

The nurse assessing a client with a diagnosis of cholelithiasis will look for pain in which area?

Right upper quadrant

The nurse is performing physical assessment of the gastrointestinal tract. In which area does the nurse place the hands for palpation of the liver?

Right upper quadrant

A 20-year-old college student being treated for a kidney infection developed a temperature of 104ºF (40°C) in spite of treatment with antibiotics. Her pulse was high, her blood pressure was low, and her skin was hot, dry, and flushed. The nurse knows that this client most likely is experiencing which type of shock?

Septic

Which of the following is called the pacemaker of the heart?

Sinoatrial (SA) node

A client with malabsorption syndrome is experiencing fatty, bulky, yellow-gray, and foul-smelling stools. The nurse would document this as what type of stool?

Steatorrhea

The most common forms of peptic ulcer are duodenal and gastric ulcers. What are the most common risk factors for peptic ulcer disease?

Sucralfate *might not be right

The health care provider is reviewing lab results of a client diagnosed with heart failure. The provider notes that the client's ANP and BNP levels have been increasing and remain significantly elevated. These results would be interpreted as:

The condition is getting progressively worse.

A client is admitted with lower urinary tract obstruction and stasis. Which action is the primary intervention?

Urinary catheterization

A client in the hospital following a repair of a left hip fracture is refusing to wear the intermittent pneumatic compression stockings ordered by the physician. The nurse explains to the client that the compression stockings are essential in preventing:

Venous thrombosis

The cardiac cycle describes the pumping action of the heart. Which statement is correct about systole?

Ventricles contract and blood is ejected from the heart.

When assessing the client during the icteric phase of viral hepatitis, which of these findings does the nurse anticipate observing?

Yellow-tinged sclera