Quiz for Chapter 11 - Personality

Daryl is a painter and poet. His work often portrays fantasy images that evoke strong emotion. He loves to travel, particularly in Asia, to view the art at sacred sites and learn about local culture. The Big Five trait that best describes this aspect of Daryl's personality is ____. agreeableness openness conscientiousness extroversion

openness

The way a person reacts to the world, starting when they are very young, including the person's level or reactivity and self-regulation, is known as ____. self-esteem self-concept character temperament

temperament

Who proposed the concept of the inferiority complex and suggested tha birth order shapes personality? Alfred Adler Karen Horney Carl Jung Erik Eriksen

Alfred Adler

Which of the following describes a humanist approach, as opposed to a behaviorist or Freudian approach? Humanists emphasized the significance of abnormal behaviors. Humanists relied heavily on animal research for their findings. Humanists viewed human nature as essentially dark. Humanists advocated studying psychologically healthy, high-achieving people to see why they succeeded.

Humanists advocated studying psychologically healthy, high-achieving people to see why they succeeded.

According to Freud, what is the resolution of the Oedipus complex? Identification with the same-sex parent Attraction to the same-sex parent Competition with the opposite-sex parent Identification with the opposite-sex parent

Identification with the same-sex parent

Who disagreed with the Freudian idea that women had penis envy and instead suggested that men may have womb envy because they cannot give birth? Carl Jung Karen Horney Alfred Adler Erik Eriksen

Karen Horney

In Freud's view, it is the job of the ego, or self, to ____. balance the pleasure-seeking impulses of the superego with the morality imposed by the id overrule the pleasure-seeking impulses of the id with the morality imposed by the superego enhance the pleasure-seeking impulses of the id despite the morality imposed by the superego balance the pleasure-seeking impulses of the id with the morality imposed by the superego

balance the pleasure-seeking impulses of the id with the morality imposed by the superego

In Freud's personality theory, a protective behavior that reduces anxiety is called a ____. trait psychosexual stage defense mechanism level of awareness

defense mechanism

Susan was so angry at her boss that, when she got home from work, she yelled at her husband in response to his question "How was your day?". This is an example of ____. sublimation projection denial displacement

displacement

According to Freud, the ___ contains our most primitive drives, seeks immediate gratification, and is present from birth. superego ego id collective unconscious

id

Carl Rogers suggested that problems arise when the ideal self is too different from the real self. He called this discrepancy between our two selves as _____, which can lead to maladjustment. incongruence self-actualization the inferiority complex unconditional positive regard

incongruence

Researchers have identified structural correlates in the brains of adults for four of the Big Five personality traits. Which Big Five personality trait has not yet been correlated with a structure of the brain? agreeableness openness neuroticism conscientiousness

openness

The long-standing traits and patterns that propel individuals to consistently think, feel, and behave in specific ways are known as ________. psychodynamics cognition perception personality

personality

Sigmund Freud's theoretical approach that forms the basis for his psychoanalytic therapy is called ____. humanism psychodynamic perspective behaviorism self-actualization

psychodynamic perspective

The universal bank of ideas, images, and concepts that Carl Jung believes have been passed down through the generations from our ancestors is referred to as ________. the collective unconscious intuition introversion integration

the collective unconscious