Quiz two: Blood

Surface antigen A has: Surface antigen B has: Surface antigen AB has: Neither A or B has:

: Type A blood, Anti-B antibodies :Type B, Anti-A antibodies :Type AB, Neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies :Type O blood, Both anti-A and anti-B antibodies

Match each phrase to the function of blood that it describes.

Transportation -Distribution of absorbed nutrients throughout the body -Movement of carbo dioxide from respiring tissues to the lungs Protection -Platelets mechanically and chemically work to plug holes in blood vessels due to trauma Regulation -Vasoconstriction and vasodilation due to temperature changes

A deficiency in leukocyte number may lead to an increase in opportunistic infections.

true

Check all that are functions of the blood in the body.

Produces hormones to be transported to the endocrine glands.

Classify each of the statements below as pertaining to viscosity or osmolarity.

Viscosity -The resistance of a fluid to flow -Results from the cohesion of a fluid's particles -The thickness of stickiness of a fluid -When elevated the blood flows sluggishly Osmolarity -Governs the rate of reabsorption between the bloodstream and tissue fluid -Fluid transfer depends on a balance between capillary filtration and reabsorption

The structure of hemoglobin consists of ____________ chains.

four

Choose the correct statement(s) regarding the composition of plasma. (Check all that apply)

-Protein is the second most abundant plasma solute by weight. -Water represents 72% by weight

Determine whether each item is a formed element or part of the plasma.

Formed Element -Platelets -Red Blood Cells -Monocytes -Lymphocytes Plasma -Nutrients -Vitamines -Hormones -Gases

Blood is considered a colloid because it contains ____________ in the plasma. Most of these are produced by the ____________ . Collectively, these substances exert ____________ pressure and prevent the loss of ____________ from the blood as it moves through the capillaries. The pressure exerted by the plasma proteins is called colloid osmotic pressure. This force is responsible for moving fluids ____________ and preventing excess fluid loss between blood capillaries and the interstitial fluid. If plasma protein levels decrease, colloid osmotic pressure will ____________ .

Proteins, liver, osmotic, fluid, into the blood, decreases

Two of the chains are ____________ and two are beta proteins.

alpha

Blood contains numerous _________ red blood cells in a featureless matrix, called __________

biconcave, plasma

Blood is located within the __________ system where it functions in the transport of nutrients, gases, wastes, and other biologically relevant molecules.

cardiovascular

During liver disease, levels of blood proteins may be low. This would __________ blood colloid osmotic pressure.

decrease

The numerous red cells are also called ________. These cells are unique because they lack nuclei

erythrocytes

The most abundant formed elements of the blood is/are

erythrocytes.

If an individual's erythrocytes exhibit surface antigen D, the person is said to be Rh negative.

false

Each of the protein chains are conjugated to a nonprotein ____________ group.

heme

This group contains a(n) ____________ ion in the center.

iron

There are smaller numbers of larger white cells with large, multilobed nuclei called __________, or white blood cells

leukocytes

There are four of these groups that will bind ____________ for delivery to body tissues.

oxygen

Blood is also considered a ____________ because it contains dissolved organic and inorganic molecules and ions. These substances include electrolytes, nutrients, gases, and waste products. Polar substances like ____________ and charged substances like ____________ dissolve readily in the blood, and nonpolar molecules like ____________ do not readily dissolve in blood and require a ____________ .

solution, glucose, salts, cholesterol, transport protein