Quizzes 4-6
Which of the following is a microsporidium obligate intracellular protozoan parasite that causes neurologic disease in rabbits?
Encephalitozoon cuniculi
Horses and rabbits are _____.
cecum fermenters
The female rabbit is referred to as:
doe
Cheyletiella mites use _____ as their hosts.
dogs, cats, and rabbits
A characteristic that distinguishes lagomorphs from rodents is:
double pair of incisors
What should be done to fluids such as Lactated Ringer's solution when they are given to small mammals?
warmed to body temperature before administration to avoid causing hypothermia
A common disease of juvenile hamsters is
wet tail
Hamster urine is ____ in color.
whitish
This acronym is also known as rat rotavirus which causes disease in suckling rats:
IDIR
A typical feeder often found in rabbit cages is known as the "___" feeder.
J
Hooded outbred stock of rat:
Long Evans
The genus and species name for the gerbil is
Meriones unguiculatus
The scientific name for the Syrian or golden hamster ______.
Mesocrietus auratus
What is the genus and species of the organism known to cause chronic respiratory disease syndrome called murine respiratory mycoplasmosis?
Mycoplasma pulmonis
The most common respiratory disease of rats is _________.
Mycoplasmosis
The rabbit breed used most widely in biomedical research is the:
New Zealand White
What is the genus and species of the bloodsucking mite known to cause Q fever in humans?
Ornithonyssus bacoti
The most common bacterial infection in rabbits is __________.
Pasteurella multocida
Poor husbandry conditions, along with a humid environment, predispose guinea pigs to which of the following conditions?
Salmonella typhimurium
The "golden hamster" is also known as the _____ hamster.
Syrian
Which type of hamster is not usually used in research?
Teddy bear
Ringworm in rats is usually caused by _________________________ (genus, species).
Trichophyton mentagrophytes
Adult male rats typically carry their testes inside their abdominal cavity.
True
Chinchillas are prone to heatstroke.
True
Chinchillas, when annoyed, can project their urine with accuracy for several feet.
True
Gradual displacement of carbon dioxide in a chamber is an acceptable method of euthanasia for hamsters, guinea pigs, and gerbils.
True
Hamsters are coprophagic.
True
Infection with Rodentolepis nana is of concern due to the zoonotic potential.
True
Neonatal rats are sexed by comparing anogenital distance and the size of the genital papillae.
True
Normal urine color for the rabbit varies from clear, to yellow, to red.
True
Rabbits are obligate nasal breathers.
True
Rat pups are normally weaned at 21 days of age.
True
Rats and mice combined account for more than 95% of all mammalian species used.
True
The majority of rodents used in research are specific pathogen free.
True
The pheromone-induced Bruce effect described in mice does not occur in rats.
True
Infection with the Gram-negative organism Francisella tularensis is commonly referred to as __________.
Tularemia
Control inbred strain for the spontaneously hypertensive rat:
WKY
Reducing food intake in __________ rats leads to a significant reduction in overall incidence of spontaneous neoplasia.
Wistar
Which of the following drugs is least likely to kill the normal flora in the gut of the rabbit, thus avoiding severe diarrhea?
enrofloxacin
What is the length of the estrous cycle in rabbits?
every 4 days
Primary enclosures for rabbits shall be sanitized at least once every ____. (according to the textbook for research facilities).
every other week
Before inducing anesthesia, how long should a pet rat be fasted?
fasting is not indicated
What is the mode of transmission for Tyzzer's disease in rats AND what is the causative agent?
fecal: oral; Clostridium piliforme
Which of the following is true of hamsters?
female hamsters may hide their young in their cheek pouches, leading to death
What is the most common site for an IO catheter in a rat?
femur
The ____ are dark pigmented glands in the hamster that secrete substances used to mark territory. (two words)
flank glands
The lab rat is known as Rattus norvegicus. What does Rattus refer to?
genus
What laboratory animal species has ventral sebaceous glands?
gerbil
What species can have a seizure if handled too harshly?
gerbils
What species is least likely to require frequent cage cleaning?
gerbils
Rats can be safely and humanely picked up by:
grasping over the shoulders
Rabbits should have an unlimited amount of
grass hay
Offspring of what laboratory animal species are born fully furred and with open eyes?
guinea pig
The laboratory animal species most likely to experience dystocia is a
guinea pig
The species with the shortest gestation period is the
hamster
Which of these species is an omnivore?
hamster
Which species is not a social animal and should be housed alone?
hamster
It is difficult to determine truly how much food is being ingested by the following small mammals, which hoard food items:
hamsters
Wild rodents serve as the primary reservoir hosts for _____________ but show no clinical disease.
hantaviruses
A polygamous breeding system is also known as ___________ breeding.
harem
It is difficult to accurately convert the drug dosage used for cats and dogs to lab animal species because the latter have a:
high basal metabolic rate relative to body surface area
Guinea pigs are difficult to tracheally intubate because of which of the following anatomic structures?
hyperplastic orophyarynx
The rat should be turned (change of recumbency) every 30 - 60 minutes during postanesthesia recovery to prevent:
hypostatic lung congestion
Which of the following factors does not contribute to cannibalism of the young female hamsters?
increased ambient temperature
What anatomic structure is similar in rodents and horses?
large cecum
A preferred site to collect up to 1mL of blood in an unanesthetized (conscious) rat:
lateral saphenous vein
Recommended site for administration of IP injections in rats:
lower right abdominal quadrant
What is the predominant leukocyte in gerbil blood circulation?
lymphocytes
Which sex of the rat, mouse, hamster, and gerbil has the longest anogenital distance?
male in rat and hamster; female in mouse and gerbil
The most common dental problem found in rodents is:
malocclusion
Why should the anticholinergic glycopyrrolate be used in rabbits instead of atropine?
many rabbits have high levels of atropinase, so atropine is relatively ineffective
The most common site for blood collection in the rabbit is the
marginal ear vein or central auricular artery
The inner surface of the ear (pinna) makes an ideal location to place a tattoo, but one must be careful not to puncture which vessel?
medial ear artery
At what age do the testes descend in the rabbit?
12 weeks
The forelegs of rabbits have ____ toes.
5
What is the age of sexual maturity for rabbits?
5 to 8 months
How many cervical vertebrae does the rabbit have?
7
What percentage of body weight comprises the skeleton of the rabbit?
7%
An abdominal radiograph of a rabbit reveals an ingesta-filled stomach with large amounts of gas in the intestines and cecum. This is suggestive of what condition in the rabbit?
GI stasis
Which of the following anatomical areas contains more than half of all lymphoid tissue in the rabbit?
GI tract
All of the following are outbred stocks of rats, except the:
Lewis
What rat is also known as the hooded rat?
Long Evans
Which of the following are not comon inbred strains of rats?
Long Evans
Which of the following is an outbred strain of rat?
Long Evans
Which stock of rat is commonly known as the "hooded" rat?
Long Evans
A female rabbit does not ovulate eggs from her ovaries until after mating has occurred. This process is called _______ ovulation.
induced
Parturition in rabbits is called ______.
kindling
Baby rabbits are called _______.
kits
Rats are primarily ________.
nocturnal
Total parenteral nutrition is correctly defined as which of the following?
nutrition must be administered by means other than the mouth
Which bone is the most caudal bone of the skull in small animals?
occipital bone
Prevention of trichobezoars in rabbits involves the addition of ______ to the diet.
pineapple or papaya
In most areas of the world, rats are the reservoir host of the plague organism. However, in the United States, the most common species harboring this organism is:
prairie dogs
Calcium in the diet must be carefully regulated for what species?
rabbit
Caudal paraplysis, as a consequence of injury to the spinal cord from a fractured back, occurs commonly in the ______.
rabbit
The most common intermediate host of Taenia pisiformis is a:
rabbit
A malocclusion is which one or more of the upper incisor teeth are caudal to the lower incisors is known as:
rostral crossbite
The round, expanded muscular sac found at the terminal portion of the ileum in rabbits is referred to as ___________.
sacculus rotundus
The best type of caging system for a near-term pregnant rat is
shoebox
Into what structure is the drug given when using a gavage needle in a rat?
stomach
Where are the scent glands located on the rabbit?
under the chin, on either side of the perineum, at the anus
A malocclusion where one side of the mandible or maxilla is disporportionate to its other side is known as:
wry mouth
The term altricial refers to
born hairless, born deaf, born blind
Which type of vision do rabbits have?
both monocular and binocular
How is pain typically characterized in rabbits?
bruxism
A male rabbit is called a
buck
A proptosed globe:
can be caused by overzealous restraint of the animal
The scientific name of the domestic rabbit is ________.
Oryctolagus cuniculus
Which statement about housing rabbits is accurate?
two male rabbits housed together will fight
What is gestational period of rabbits?
28 - 32 days
What is the normal respiratory rate of rabbits?
35 - 60 bpm
What is the normal body temperature of rabbits?
38.3*C
Hard fibrous pellets from the digestive system of rabbits are produced within ____ hours of eating.
4
What is the weaning age of rabbits?
4 to 6 weeks
Female guinea pigs must be bred before the age of ______.
6 months
At what water temperature should hamster cages be sanitized?
61.6* - 82.2*C
How long is the gestational period of guinea pigs?
63 days
The type of guinea pig that has short, coarse hair arranged in whorls or rosettes, is the:
Abyssinian
________ is a variety of guinea pig with a short, coarse hair coat that grows in whorls in rosettes?
Abyssinian
Rodents practice coprophagy primarily to recover:
B-vitamin complex
Newborn chinchillas are altricial.
False
Pine and cedar shavings must be used in gerbil enclosures to reduce frequent cleaning.
False
Preanesthetic fasting is recommended for hamsters to prevent hypoglycemia.
False
Scurvy in guinea pigs is an infectious disease.
False
The testes of male chinchillas are located externally and easily visualized to sex the animal.
False
The two most common species of chinchilla are cotton tail and the long tail
False
Which of the following is not common stocks of outbred rats?
Fisher 344
Up to how much blood could you safely collect from a 360 g rat when performing venipuncture?
1.8 to 3.5 mL
Up to ______ circulating blood volume can be withdrawn every 2 to 3 weeks from normal, healthy animals with minimal effect.
10
What is the average adult body weight of rabbits?
1000 - 8000 g
How many thoracic vertebrae does the rabbit have?
12-13
What percentage of body weight is composed of GI tract in the rabbit?
20%
The average adult rat weighs _______ grams.
200 - 500
Mature female rabbits develop a large fold of skin under the chin that is known as the:
dewlap
Which of the following is seen as chalky-white or cream-colored urine in rabbits?
dystrophic calcification
The incus, malleus, and stapes are all bones that create the _____ in small animals.
ear
What is the average heart rate of rabbits?
220 bpm
Food material of rabbits passes through the digestive system twice within ____ hours.
24
An appropriately sized needle to use for collection of blood from the lateral tail vein of a rat is _______.
25 gauge
A rabbit needs 300 ug/kg of 1% ivermectin solution. If the rabbit weighs 8 lb, how many mL of ivermectin should be administered?
0.1mL
What is the maximum volume that can be administered IM in a chinchilla?
0.3 mL
A 354 g rat weighs ___________ kg.
0.354
The common laboratory rat was developed from the __________.
Brown Norway rat
Because guinea pigs lack the enzyme involved in synthesizing glucose to ascorbic acid, they require a dietary source of which vitamin?
C
Like primates, guinea pigs have a dietary requirement for vitamin ____.
C
The scientific name of the laboratory guinea pig is ________.
Cavia porcellus
What of the following bacteria are most often associated with antibiotic-associated enterotoxemia in the guinea pig?
Clostridium difficile
What is the causative agent for Tyzzer's disease?
Clostridium piliformes
The parasite whose larvae encyst in the SQ tissue of rabbits is:
Cuterebra species
The common outbred guinea pig used in research is:
Dunkin-Hartley
The smallest hamster is the:
Dwarf
An inbred strain of rat that is commonly used in research for studying testicular cancer is the ___________.
F344
What inbred strain of rats are interstitial cell tumors commonly seen?
F344
If a mammal is born blind and hairless, it is considered to be:
altricial
The female rabbit has what type of uterus?
bicornate
A male guinea pig is known as a
boar
Which opioid analgesic can induce pica at high doses?
buprenorphine
Alfalfa is a palatable source of protein for herbivores. In what macromineral is alfalfa also abundant?
calcium
The term used to describe when a female rat eats her pups is _____________.
cannibalism
Night feces in the rabbit are also referred to as:
cecotrophs
What is the largest organ in the abdominal cavity of rabbits?
cecum
The most unusual anatomic feature of the hamster, which makes it a popular model for research, is its:
cheek pouch
The premolars of rabbits are also known as:
cheek teeth
What is the term for "excessive secretions; red tears"?
chromodacryorrhea
An animal that results from the introduction of genetic material (DNA) from one animal into the fertilized egg of a different animal is:
conisogenic
Why is hay an important part of the rabbit diet? (Select the BEST answer)
contains indigestible fiber that helps with weight management, dental disease, and gut health
False statement regarding euthanasia of rats:
neonates require a shorter duration of CO2 exposure
Why are chinchillas most commonly used in research?
orolaryngological investigations
The sex of juvenile guinea pigs is determined by
palpation of the pelvic region
When you are monitoring an anesthetized chinchilla, what reflexes are reliable to check depth of anesthesia?
palpebral and pedal
The most common infectious disease of hamsters is ________ also called wet tail, regional enteritis, or transmissible ileal hyperplasia. (two words)
proliferative ileitis
All of the following are rodents, except the
rabbit
False statement regarding rats:
rats have gallbladders
___________ can be caused by <20% ambient relative humidity and is usually seen in winter months when heating systems are in use. Necrosis occurs distal to the constrictions.
ringtail
A female guinea pig is referred to as a:
sow
What is the correct term for a female guinea pig?
sow
"Red tears" (chromodacryorrhea) in rats is caused by ________.
stress
What is another term for 'tail degloving'?
tail slip
Why might you not get an accurate reading from a pulse oximeter in small mammals?
the hemoglobin absorption characteristics are different in rodents and dogs and cats
True statement regarding breeding and reproduction of rats:
vaginal plug can be used to confirm breeding
