quizzes 6-9 answers bio

The Hadley cell is thermally direct. This means that air forming this circulation cell:

rises where it is warmer and sinks where it is cooler

Vascular plants hydrate photosynthetic cells using _________, whereas bryophytes do so using _____________.

soil water; surface water

In plants, ______________ are defined as haploid (1n) cells that develop into gametophytes. Gametophytes, in turn, produce either haploid (1n) male or female _____________ that can fuse to form diploid (2n) ____________.

spores; gametes; zygotes

Which of the following parts of the 3-cell conceptual model can explain the presence of deserts at about 20-30 oN and 20-30oS?

subtropical highs where air sinks from the upper atmosphere, compresses and so warms, resulting in clear skies and low humidity

If you start with 500,000 kg of phytoplankton, approximately how many units of organisms in the 5th trophic level can you support?

50 kg

A good reproductive adaptation for a successful K-strategist would be:

A seal mother producing an extra fatty source of milk for a single pup so they become large and independent sooner

Which of the following statements concerning ocean acidification are TRUE?

As pH decreases, saturation state also decreases As saturation state decreases, the ability of organisms to calcify decreases As CO2 increases, pH decreases As CO2 increases, saturation state decreases

If water molecules (H2O) suddenly stopped forming hydrogen bonds with each other, how would water transport in vascular plants change (if at all)?

It would stop, because water transport relies on H2O molecules being connected by hydrogen bonds

Which of the following is NOT a reason that the temperature during the day in Las Vegas can be a lot higher than in Irvine?

Las Vegas is at higher altitude than Irvine

Corals reefs are considered the "oases" of the oceans. Corals live in:

None of the above Water with very high nutrients that allows for very large food webs Water that is typically cooler than water in the tropics Typically water that is fresher (less salty) than normal ocean water

What impact will ocean acidification have on the lysocline?

Ocean acidification will cause the lysocline to shoal (get shallower)

How is the life-cycle of fish impacted by human fishing pressures? (Choose all that apply)

Organisms reach maturity faster, Organisms tend to produce fewer viable eggs, Organisms tend to be smaller when they've reached maturity

Zooxanthellae are:

Phototrophic autotrophs, phytoplankton

How does extensive exploitation over long time periods exploit the physical size of fish?

Remaining fish tend to get smaller

Site A has an alpha biodiversity value of 10. Site B has an alpha biodiversity value of 13. Together, they have a gamma biodiversity value of 19. What can be said about sites A and B?

Sites A and B have 6 species that are the same

From personal experience, you may have noticed that cut flowers placed in a vase with tap water continue to be "alive" for several days. What is the most likely explanation as to why these cut flowers don't immediately wither and die?

The plant can still take up water from the vase via an "evaporative pump."

All of the following are true about Zooxanthellae EXCEPT:

They provide protection to the corals because they are toxic for animals to eat

Theoretical predictions suggest that the North Pole should be cooler than it actually is. What helps to warm regions at high latitudes?

Warm air from the equator moves toward the poles before descending

Why do some organisms need saturation states much greater than 1 to calcify?

When saturation states are high, carbonate concentrations are high

Which of the following plants would likely be the first to colonize a newly formed volcanic island (an environment of bare rock with no developed soil)?

a bryophyte

Death Valley, to the east of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, has extremely low relative humidity and very little rainfall because:

air descending down from the Sierra mountains compresses and so the saturation vapor pressure increases, resulting in lower relative humidity

Within the stem of a vascular plant, where would you expect to find the cells that are the most mature?

at the base of the stem near the soil

What type of energy transfer occurs in the atmosphere due to differences in temperatures at the equator vs the poles?

convection

A scientist is researching a population of blue jays in her city. In order to completely define this blue jay population, she must:

determine the size, range, and density of the blue jay population

Many bryophytes have to be able to tolerate desiccation because they: (choose all that apply)

dry out with the environment, have little water storage capacity

If a plane flies from the Equator towards the South Pole it would be deflected to the:

east

Due to the movement of surface ocean water in the North Atlantic gyre, which coastline would have warmer and more humid climates?

east coast of USA e.g. North Carolina

If air warms it will become:

less dense and more buoyant

In seed plants, the embryo develops inside the seed, which allows for:

nutrient reserves for the developing embryo

A haploid cell contains __________________, and a diploid cell contains _______________.

one set of chromosomes (1n); two sets of chromosomes (2n)

When carbon dioxide (CO2) is added to seawater (H20), which of the following happens?

the carbonate ion concentrations (CO32-) in the surface oceans decreases, the bicarbonate (HCO3-)ion concentration in the surface oceans increases, the hydrogen ion concentration in the surface oceans increases

In genetics, two organisms are part of the same population if:

they are the same species and are in the same geographic area

Two individuals of opposite sex are members of the same species if:

they can produce fertile offspring

Water is transported from the soil to the leaves in the:

xylem