rabbits

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report issues

Post-partum estrus Uterine cancer rate high Males spray and mount Neutering recommended

Antibiotics in Rabbits

Potential toxicities Use of selective gram-positive meds Bacterial dysbiosis in gut Diarrhea and inappetance Endotoxemia and XX

Cephalic catheter for IV therapy

*Alert rabbits will chew line!

Bad Choices Abx

Beta-lactams Cephalosporins Oral penicillins The Mycin Family: lincomycin, clindamycin, erythromycin ***Selective Gram-positive antibiotics result in Clostridium overgrowth!

Rabbits as Prey Species

Bottom of the food chain Fear factor: always there Strong reproductive drive Behavior issues common

Good Choices abx

Quinolones Sulfa Drugs Chloramphenicol Penicillin: inject only! Metronidazole Azithromycin

ear vein cath

Some IV injectables can cause ear sloughs (diazepam)

Enteric Pathogens

E. coli Clostridium spiroforme Toxin producers Combination drugs may be needed Gram-negative and anaerobic spectrum

companion rabbit

European rabbit One domesticated species Oryctolagus cuniculi (rabbit ending) North American cottontail Sylvagus sylvatticus

clinical techniques

Examination Venipuncture Parenteral meds Radiographs Oral medications ...Welch-Allyn Bivalve Nasal Speculum

housing at home

Indoors, please! Wire vs. solid bottom Litter-box trainable Water bowl or bottle Chew things Hide box

biologic characteristics

Lagomorphs (not rodents!) Rabbits have extra pair of incisors called "peg teeth" Nocturnal and social u Lifespan 6-10 years All teeth open-rooted Hindgut-fermenting herbivore

Venipuncture sites

Lateral saphenous Cephalic veins Jugular vein Ear vein

reproductive parameters

Male = Buck, testes descend 3 mos Female = Doe, induced ovulator Gestation 30-33 days 4-12 young, born blind Wean at 6 weeks Rabbits breed like rabbits!

Restraint and Handling

Minimalize handling Always support the lower back Lumbar fractures possible (L6)*** Prefer feet on the ground Cover eyes Treat on the floor

Rabbit Treatments

Mostly subcutaneous or oral IV fluids in shocky rabbits (gastric bloat) Orals or injectables at home Out-patient vs. in-patient

Analgesics Choices

NSAIDS: Carprofen, meloxicam Opioids: Buprenorphine, butorphanol, hydromorphone Tramadol

Analgesics Important!

Prey species heal poorly with pain Quiet and non-demonstrative Hiding, hunched, not moving Assume painful if not eating

jump rabbit

floor bunny

fear factor in the home

Over-handling Back injuries, broken legs Over-zealous kids Inability to pickup Hard to give meds

fear factor in the clinic

Stress responses: fight or flight Catecholamine release Injuries are possible Dog as predator Rabbits are unpredictable

urinary

Urinate infrequent, large amounts Color can change Calciuria: chalky white Porphyrins: rusty orange Blood is abnormal Hi pH, ammonia, crystals

pet rabbit

Very popular Solo or bonded pairs Husbandry problems common

Hospitalizing Rabbits

Only if necessary Quiet place away from predators Bottom cage Minimize handling Treat on floor if jumpy

GI

Open-rooted teeth: front and back Fiber chewing for dental health Large GIT designed for fiber diet Coprophagic (cecotropes) Cecotropes circadian rhythm with early morning/night production Provide B vitamins and amino acids produced by bacteria in cecum ...two poops: day and night


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