Radical Reconstruction, Presidential Reconstruction, Andrew johnson, knights of labor

Andrew Johnson

Had no formal education and had trained to be a tailor

Civil Rights act of 1866

It gave citizenship to African Americans. Johnson vetoed the bill but Congress overrode the veto.

Andrew Johnson

Johnson avoided conviction and removal from office by 1 vote

Andrew Johnson

Johnson decides not to treat the south as a conquered region, included amnesty for most confederates and quick acceptance of states back into the Union, freed slaves got little protection: no guaranteed citizenship or the right to vote

Andrew Johnson

Johnson vetoed 29 acts and bills making him the highest since Jackson who had 12

Andrew Johnson

Johnson wanted to model his presidency after Andrew Jackson

Andrew Johnson

Johnson's stubbornness empowered congress to take a larger and more active role in establishing policy

Thaddeus Stevens

Led the radicals with Charles Sumner in the House. Thaddeus was from PA, Charles was from MA

Andrew Johnson

Like Lincoln, he had risen from poverty through his own determination

Black Codes

Limited rights of Af. Am. in Confederate states

Ratify

Make valid, sign, agree, approve

Andrew Johnson

Only Senator from a seceding state to remain with the union

where was the national organization?

Pennsylvania

Ten Percent Plan

Proposed by Lincoln, 10 % voters must swear loyalty to the Union, must abolish slavery (1863)

Johnson Plan

Proposed by President Andrew Jackson - Majority of white men must swear loyalty, Must ratify 13th Amendment, former Confederate volunteers may vote & hold office (1865)

Reconstruction Act

Proposed by Radical Republicans - Must disband governments, must write new constitutions

Wade Davis Bill

Proposed by Republicans in Congress - Majority of white men must swear loyalty, former Confederate volunteers cannot vote or hold office (1864)

Andrew Johnson

Selected to be Lincoln's running mate in 1864 to broaden the appeal

Andrew Johnson

Southern Democrat who at a point owned slaves

Andrew Johnson

Stubborn or principled, ambitious and uncompromising

Andrew Johnson

The Tenure of Office Act made it illegal to remove a cabinet member without Senate approval: Johnson fired his secretary of war who had been Lincoln's and congress drafted articles of impeachment.

Knights of Labor

The earliest significant labor union was the Knights of Labor, formed in 1869 as a secret society of skilled and unskilled work- ers from various occupations. Although weakened by the Panic of 1873, the union emerged as an effective force under the leadership of Terrence V. Powderly, former mayor of Scranton, Pennsylvania

Andrew Johnson

Tickets to the trial were scalped outside the Senate chambers like super bowl tickets

Andrew Johnson

Viewed as our most racist president

14th Amendment

all persons born or naturalized in the United States are guaranteed equal protection of the law. All states are forbidden to deprive any person of life, liberty , or property without due process of the law. (state could not discriminate against citizens on unreasonable grounds such as race)

3rd goal

criticized convict labor

6th goal

equal pay for equal work - even work

4th goal

federal and state gov pass laws to protect workers in mining, manufacturing, & construction

what is criticizing convict labor?

forcing convicts to work for free

7th goal

gov owns railroads, telegraph, telephone comp.

5th goal

law to abolish child labor

Black Codes

laws passed by southern legislatures that severely limited the rights of freedmen. They were meant to keep freedmen from gaining political or economic power. Freed men could not own a gun, vote, or serve on juries.

2nd goal

new laws, assist workers, 8 hr wrk day

Andrew Johnson

the 1st American president to gain office through assassination

1st goal

wealth (aggressive accumulation)

13th Amendment

1. Abolish slavery 2. Added to constitution

Freedmen's Bureau: Problems

1. NO $$ 2. Whites resisted 3. Land for Af. Am. meant stealing from whites

Freedmen's Bureau: Oppertunities

1. Provided care and food for blacks and whites 2. Arranged wages and working conditions 3. Distributed land (40 acres and a mule) 4. Provided education

Steps to rejoining the Union in Johnson's Reconstruction Plan

1. Write a new state constitution 2. Elect a new state government 3.repeal its act of secession 4.Cancel its war debts 5.Abolish slavery

when did kol begin?

1878

how many goals were there for the kol?

7

Reconstruction Era

A period of time after the Civil War in which the Southern states were rebuilt and brought back to the Union

Andrew Johnson

After his term he returned to Tennessee to become the only former President to be elected to the Senate

Freedmen's Bureau

Agency established by congress to help newly freed black Americans.

Andrew Johnson

Based on a politically motivated agenda, The House voted to impeach Johnson

Andrew Johnson

Congress overrides Johnson 15 times

Andrew Johnson

Congress returns to Washington to have Johnson tell them that Reconstruction was complete.

Andrew Johnson

Congress soon start passing acts of their own including the Freedman Bureau: Johnson vetoed it.

Dred Scott decision of 1857

Courts ruled that African Americans were not citizens.

Andrew Johnson

Democrat