RBT Course

The reinforcer is delivered for the first response after an average amount of time has passed.

Variable interval

Waiting in line at the store is reinforced on which schedule below?

Variable interval

Playing slot machines is reinforced on which schedule below?

Variable ratio

When the respite staff ask Lisa to take a shower (a skill she is able to perform), she refuses and drops to the floor. they usually give up and allow her to watch TV until she is "ready". what should they do instead to put this behavior on extinction?

Withhold TV and other fun activities until she showers.

Peter comes home late and his parents takes his keys away for two weeks. after Peter gets his keys back, he is no longer late. the removal of the keys for two weeks appears to function as a :

negative punisher

Peter has a bad headache. Peter takes three Advil and his headache goes away. from now on , if Peter has a headache he reaches for the Advil. the Advil which gets rid of the headache appears to function as a :

negative reinforcer

Peter is trying to read a book. his dog is inside and barking up a storm. Peter puts the dog outside and goes back to reading his book. in the future when the dog is barking and Peter is trying to read a book , he will put the dog outside. in regards to peace and quiet , putting the dog outside function as a :

negative reinforcer

About every five minutes the RBT gives Peter 5 skittles regardless of his behavior. what schedule of reinforcement is in place?

none

Peter has a bad headache. Peter takes three Tylenol and the headache persists. as a result, Peter no longer reaches for Tylenol. this sounds like:

none of the above

Peter is running through the house. His mother gives him a cookie. The cookie appears to function as a:

none of the above.

The RBT's employer states that when an analyst is supervising the RBT during session, the RBT should modify their start/end time when billing so that it doesn't overlap with the analysts time. What should the RBT do

notify the employer that this policy is in conflict with RBT ethics code regarding truthfulness.

Mom asks you to add her on Facebook. You should:

politely decline and reference the ethical code.

An RBT has been asked to assist on a case with a client who ruminates and publicly masturbates in public. the RBT has not worked with clients in the past who engaged in these behaviors.and is unsure about how to handle these behaviors. what should the RBT do?

politely decline the case for now, letting the analyst know that they first need training with these behaviors before they can take the case.

Joanne gets caught smoking by dad. dad makes her smoke the entire pack until she throws up. Joanne never smokes again. this is an example of:

positive punishment

what one criterion must be met in order for time-out to be effective?

the person must be removed from a reinforcing situation.

Behavior plans focus on changing how other people interact with the person with challenging behavior

true

A sequence of behaviors that are linked together to form a complex behavior. the completion of one step serves as a discriminative stimulus (S^d) for the next step is called a _____________________.

Behavior chain

Sam has been stealing items from the desk in his group home. we implement a plan where, if he asks appropriately for an item, staff give it to him immediately and praise him , but if he steals , they do not allow him to access the item. this is an example of a :

DRA

Diane picks at scabs, her nail beds, and other areas of her body , especially when she is stressed or is not engaged in any activities. we give her a rubix cube and praise her for using it with both hands. this is an example of:

DRI

John occasionally bites his peers because in the past staff gave him attention. we implement a plan where every half hour that John does not bite , he earns 5 minutes of 1:1 time with staff. this is an example of:

DRO

In order for a consequence to be a punisher , it must result in a ________________ behavior.

Decrease

Extinction should always be combined with this management strategy.

Differential reinforcement

Providing reinforcement when the desired behavior occurs and withholding reinforcement when the challenging behavior occurs, could be an example of what?

Differential reinforcement

Is this a discrete or complex behavior? Closing a car door

Discrete

Is this a discrete or complex behavior? Saying "hello"

Discrete

Johnny is low on gas and starts looking around for a open gas station. He sees a gas station with an "Open" sign. The sight of the "open" sign on the gas station functions as a :

Discriminative Stimulus

The example of a token economy uses what type of reinforcement schedule?

Fixed Ratio

Baking a cake is reinforced on which schedule below?

Fixed interval

Tommy who engages in disruptive behavior because in the past staff have given him attention in the form of verbal reprimands and redirection. an extinction procedure would involve :

Ignore disruptive behavior when it occurs.

Johnny is in a classroom with a lot of kids. when he wants attention from his teacher , Johnny often climbs under his desk. the teacher responds by coming over to him and coaxing him out. what should the teacher do instead to put his behavior on extinction/

Ignore problem behavior

In order for a consequence to be a reinforcer, its presentation must result in an________________________in a persons behavior

Increase/maintenance

Johnny is low on gas and starts looking around for a open gas station. he sees one and pulls in. Being low in gas functions as a:

Motivating Operation

Johnny is very thirsty after eating some chips. he approaches the lit vending machine, inputs his money, presses the button and get his soda. the fact that he is thirsty , which increases the value of soda, functions as a:

Motivating Operation

A client hits a window with an open hand but it does not break, and then he immediately walks into his room. Is this a crisis?

NO

State whether the following example is positive reinforcement or negative reinforcement for the women: a woman takes her baby to the movie theater. the baby starts crying loudly during the movie. The woman gives her baby a bottle. the baby stops crying and the mother can enjoy the movie. the mother learns to give the baby a bottle whenever the baby starts crying.

Negative reinforcement

Peter has a toothache. Peter begins rubbing his cheek and the pain goes away for a bit. there is now an increase In rubbing his cheek. the rubbing of the cheek functions as a :

Negative reinforcer

Peter has now been drinking for a while. now, with every passing hour Peter feels "Bad" and is starting to experience withdrawal symptoms. Peter then has to have a drink so he does not feel bad and can escape or avoid withdrawal symptoms. in regards to the withdrawal symptoms alcohol functions as a :

Negative reinforcer

When Jimmy hits his peers on the playground, he is required to sit on the playground bench for 5 minutes. in view of his peers. this is what kind of punishment procedure?

Non-exclusion time-out

An RBT is selected by a professor at the university he attends to present on effective strategies for improving communication in individuals with autism. the RBT has been working with a client on verbal behavior skills and wants to include videos of the session in his presentation. what should the RBT do before recording any sessions?

Obtain written consent from the client/legal guardian to use both audio and video recording of a session.

Why might delays between the behavior and reinforcement be problematic when teaching new skills?

Other behaviors can occur during the gap or they can forget.

Peter answers a question in class. the teacher loudly says "nice job Peter" . Peter no longer answers questions in class. the teachers statement "nice job" appears to function as a:

Positive punisher

Every time Joey completes 2 math problems, the RBT delivers 5 skittles. There is an increase in completion of math problems. This is an example of

Positive reinforcement

State whether the following example is positive reinforcement or negative reinforcement for Tommy: Every time Tommy burped at the table , mom yelled at him, "that's disgusting!" Tommy burped more often as a result of mom's reaction.

Positive reinforcement

Peter curses in front of his mother she spanks him several times we now can see an increase in cursing. Spanking appears to function as a :

Positive reinforcer

Peter just started drinking. he enjoys the buzz he gets when he is drinking , and he starts to drink more often in greater quantities. in regards to getting a buzz alcohol functions as a:

Positive reinforcer

A tool that is used to assess one's likes and dislikes is a

Preference assessment

Johnny loves to play with Legos, but hates to complete his homework. His mom makes playing with Legos contingent on completing his homework. this preventative strategy is called:

Premack Principle

What are the 3 categories of behavior reduction strategies aligned with the ABC model?

Prevent-Teach-Manage

Premack, interspersal, visual supports, behavioral rehearsal , providing choices, rearranging the environment, and changing curriculum or environment are all example of what?

Proactive/preventative/antecedent strategies

Susan begins drawing on the couch. Her mother tells her "We draw on paper not the couch" and points to a piece of paper. This is what kind of procedure?

Redirection

Immediacy , magnitude, and level of deprivation are all factors that can influence the effectiveness of ______________________.

Reinforcement

When responding to dangerous or destructive behavior, what are the priorities ?

Safety and rapid de-escalation

An initially neutral stimulus that only begins to function as a reinforcer after being paired with another reinforcer is known as...

Secondary reinforcer

what are the 4 primary functions? S_________ E_________ A________ T_________

Sensory, Escape, Attention, Tangible

When John engages in property destruction by ripping paper, he is required to tape the paper back up together. this is what kind of punishment procedure?

Simple-correction

Analyzing and breaking down a complex behavior (behavior chain) into it's component steps as a strategy for teaching the behavior is called :

Task Analysis

An RBT begins working with a new family. the family asks the RBT if their younger daughter has autism based on her behaviors. The RBT tells the family that their daughter definitely has autism and they should start services right away. what should the RBT have said, instead?

"I am not able to make any diagnosis. You should speak with your pediatrician with any concerns you have with your daughter."

Proactive Strategies include:

-Changing or avoiding difficult circumstances -Providing cues for positive behavior

the following modes of communication are appropriate for communicating with your supervisor except?

-Facebook Messenger.

This is a behavioral trigger that changes the probability of a behavior occurring with the antecedent discriminative stimulus (SD) by impacting value of reinforcement:

-Motivating Operation -Setting Event

which of the following should be shared with your supervisor?

-Parents family is visiting the home for a week. -a new behavior is observed -the intervention in the plan doesn't seem to be working

Schedules of reinforcement is based on ....

-Ratio (number of responses) -interval (response with time component)

What are some ways in which a RBT can follow the BACB RBT Ethics Code regarding Responsible conduct?

-Seeking appropriate supervision -Avoiding multiple relationships -Becoming familiar with the code of ethics and following it in daily practice

What is/are possible risk of using punishment to address behavior?

-Temporary , situation-specific impact -overuse/reinforcement for caregiver -Fails to teach appropriate behavior

Is it best to intervene in a crisis situation....

-as early as possible -Preventively

you go see a client, the door opens and the child is not making eye contact, not smiling, does not say your name, does not ask you to play, is sneezing, and goes to the couch to lay down. child does not participate in session. how should we respond to address possible motivating operations?

-ask parent if the child is sick, if so reduce demands and provide frequent breaks to address increased motivation for escape.

you come to a clients home and notice there are no more data sheets for behaviors targeted for decrease. discuss what actions needs to be taken to ensure data collection requirements are met?

-begin tracking data on a blank piece of paper for this session and print additional sheets prior to your next visit.

during a session, a parent mentions that the client started a new medication. how should you respond?

-contact supervisor after session to notify.

The BACB RBT Ethics Code item 3.01 addresses compliance with supervision requirements. what are some ways an RBT can ensure they meet this expectation?

-identify an eligible supervisor and work together on a contract for appropriate supervision -Schedule and plan out supervision to ensure at least the minimum requirement is met.

you observe your client hitting their chest with enough force to cause harm during session and there are no interventions currently in place. how should you respond?

-immediately block the behavior -contact your supervisor immediately after session and let them know of your observation.

An RBT begins working with a new client who is engaging in physical aggression towards others. The behavior programming outlines procedures to address a function of escape from demands but the RBT believes the client's physical aggression is maintained by attention. The RBT should...

-implement current procedures, collect data, and notify the analyst at first appropriate opportunity.

Kelly curses at her sister, and her dad spanks her 2 times. is this an example of:

-not enough information

Which of the following are necessary components of a behavior plan?

-results of functional behavioral assessment -goals for behavior reduction -strategies to prevent , teach and manage -crisis plan -Background and medical information

choose the best method of communication with your supervisor :

-this will vary based on supervisor , the best mode of communication should be established at the onset of the professional relationship.

which of the following is the supervisors responsibility?

-train a parent and assistant on all aspects of the plan, including changes and updates -provide feedback to caregiver and assistant during session -share clients progress with caregiver and assistant at least monthly.

Rachel goes to different websites and reads about a rare mineral that when inserted intrarectally can cure autism. she is passing on this information to several families. This violates which code of element?

1.01 RBTs uphold and promote the values and core principles of behavior analysis.

Susan begins working with a client in the home. Susan provides the family with a copy of her credentials upon request. This pertains which code of element?

1.11 RBTs provide a current and accurate set of credentials.

An analyst meets with a new RBT who will be working on a case with that analyst. They meet at Starbucks and discuss the client's programs, stating the client's name several times throughout the discussion. Which code element does this behavior violate?

2.06 Maintaining confidentiality

The behavior plan for Jack's client is in a binder in the family home. The RBT takes a few minutes at the beginning of his sessions to review the information in the Behavior Intervention plan to ensure he is implementing the plan correctly. This binder remains in the family home and the RBT does not take it home with him. Which code of element does this pertain to?

2.07 Maintaining Records

Rachel wants to work with clients that have self-injurious behaviors so she goes to different trainings on self-injurious behavior and searches for and reads peer-reviewed research articles to help her better understand different functions and how to manage the behavior when it occurs. this pertains to which code of element?

3.03 RBTs must be competent In the areas in which they provide behavior technician services.

An RBT is working with a client who is up for re-assessment. the BCBA notices that the client may need to work on some new programs for skills the client has yet to acquire. the BCBA requests the RBTs assistance (and provides training) to collect data for a curricular assessment to identify the skill deficits for the client. the RBT works with the client every day and knows what skills to teach. The RBT wants to just target the skills and not waste time conducting an assessment. what code item does this violate?

3.07 Data Collection

An RBT receives an invitation to her client's upcoming birthday party. the parents have been talking about the party for weeks and seems to be excited at the thought of the RBT attending. The RBT should...

Thank the family politely decline the invitation to attend as a guest. The RBT informs the family that she would be happy to attend to support behavior goals during the event if needed, but will need to check with her supervising analyst as well.

Crises indicate that:

The Behavior plan may need to be revised

This method of data collection involves recording what happens right before and after a behavior in order to determine its function

ABC data

This type of motivating operation decreases the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, which decreases the likelihood of behavior:

Abolishing Operation

Bobby hates completing math worksheets. the BCBA suggests mixing up the routine by having Bobby complete a couple math problems, then complete a receptive language activity, then have him complete several more math problems, and then ask him to set up several chairs. what preventative strategy was used?

Altering demands- interspersal

Event or circumstance that precedes a behavior

Antecedent

what do the following stand for? A_____ B_____ C_____

Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence

When teaching a new behavior it is important to reinforce ____________.

Continuously

Bobby's teacher typically presents academic subjects such as math, geography, and social studies in a certain order. Bobby exhibits task refusal during academic subjects. The BCBA recommends allowing Bobby to pick the order of the subjects, and thereafter Bobby is more compliant. What Preventative strategy was used?

Choice

Is this a discrete or complex behavior? Putting on a jacket

Complex

Is this a discrete or complex behavior? starting a car

Complex

Is this a discrete or complex behavior? washing hands

Complex

What a person gets or avoids through his or her behavior is called a

Consequence

This type of motivating operation increases the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, which increases the likelihood of behavior:

Establishing Operation

When Carl begins engaging in verbal or physical aggression, we remove him from his work area, and take him to a room that is not currently being used. This is an example of:

Exclusion time-out

When problem behavior escalates following withholding of reinforcement, this is referred to as an _________ ____________.

Extinction Burst

you arrive to session, child is running around, jumping off of furniture engaging in self-injurious behavior, and laughing, uncontrollably. he cannot sit for legos, coloring or a preferred movie , which is something he typically completes tasks to earn. how should we respond to address possible motivations operations?

ask parent if the child had his ADHD medication or if there was a medication change. reduce the demand and provide frequent breaks to address increased motivation for escape.

Johnny gets 5 dollars for EVERY lawn he cuts.

fixed ratio

At the end of session the RBT realizes she forgot to collect data on the client's goals. what should she do?

let her analyst know that she forgot to collect data and brainstorm with the analyst tools and techniques to prevent a re-occurence in the future.