READ 3324 Final

Which of the following is NOT a critical component of guided writing?

Beginning the lesson with a group share session

Which of the following is a strategy for motivating students to write?

Both give students a choice about which genres to use and give them a choice about what to read or write about.

Each day the students in Ms. Miller's class orally recite the alphabet and play alphabet bingo. Which model of reading is Ms. Miller relying upon?

Bottom-up

________is a way to engage children in listening and responding to prosodic features in oral language in order to read with expression.

Choral reading

________ knowledge of words is needed least for students to fully comprehend text.

Configuration

Which vocabulary words should be chosen for instructional purposes?

Contextual words

________ scribbling is characterized by systematic, repeated marks such as circles, vertical lines, dots, and squares.

Controlled

Which of the following is NOT an informal assessment?

Criterion-referenced

________ journals emphasize meaning while providing natural, functional experiences in both writing and reading, as well providing an avenue for teacher feedback.

Dialogue

Which of the following is NOT one of the basic cognitive operations?

Discussing

Which of the following stages in the writing process is illustrated in the following example: The student diligently writes his/her story to make sure all ideas are written down.

Draft

Which stage in the writing process is the best time for the teacher to confer individually with students who may need help using what they know to tackle the writing task?

Drafting

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of comprehensive reading instruction?

Drill and practice of alphabetic principle

What component of a basal series is often organized thematically, includes a variety of support materials, and capitalizes on children's curiosity about print to get them excited about reading and making predictions?

Emergent literacy program

Which type of standardized test score leads to misinterpretations and is NOT generally used?

Grade equivalency

What mechanism is the child using in the following example: Annie is writing a story about her pets. She writes a sentence about Fluffy, her pet cat and writes "ct" instead of "cat".

Invented spelling

Mr. Peabody asked his class to brainstorm everything they know about World War II and then asked them what they wanted to know about World War II prior to reading. What strategy is Mr. Peabody utilizing in his classroom?

KWL

Which of the following is NOT a suggested way for teachers to support the first language of ELLs?

Limit exposure to the student's primary language during instructional time.

Jamal believes students learn best when they socially construct meaning around text. He is likely to use what strategy in his classroom?

Literature circles

________ provide an organizational framework that allows readers to demonstrate their use of reading strategies by responding to books and sharing meaning with others.

Literature units

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of reading fluency?

Metacognition

What are the intentions of most supplemental materials?

None of the above

The Language Experience Approach (LEA) is an activity that directly connects what?

Oral and written language

________ is a vocabulary-development strategy in which students must generate one sentence that correctly demonstrates an understanding of a group of words and their relationship to each other.

Paired-word sentence generation

Which of the following is meant to help students become aware of the purposes of a reading assignment?

Previewing

When teachers develop their knowledge about teaching and learning, they engage in a process of seeking and making meaning from experiences. Which experience has the least influence on this process?

Psychological

Which vocabulary component often outmatches other vocabulary components in adults?

Reading

Which of the following is one of the most important contributing factors in the learning environment of early readers?

Reading aloud to children

Which of the following steps is NOT necessary for QtA lessons?

Reread the text after the questions have been answered.

Which writing activity is demonstrated in the following: The teacher asks children to write in their journals about anything that they think while reading.

Response journals

Which of the following stages in the writing process is illustrated in the following example: Two students take turns sharing and questioning their writing.

Revising and editing

Which of the following is the best illustration of metacognition?

Russ is studying for a history test. He knows that he has trouble with dates, so he checks himself by taking a short quiz after each chapter.

Synonyms, antonyms, and multiple meaning words lend themselves to which cognitive vocabulary activity?

Selecting

________ is a vocabulary-development strategy that asks students to visually represent how words are related to other words. It is a webbing activity.

Semantic mapping

Which of the following is a reading skill or strategy that is NOT developed during a reciprocal teaching lesson?

Sequencing

What technology promotes anytime, anywhere learning?

Software Programs

Which of the following statements is true regarding approaches to reading instruction and struggling readers?

Students who struggle can benefit from a program that is grounded in the teacher's understanding of research-based principles.

What type of question is written in the following science example? "Snakes are from what animal family? Be sure to use the chart in the book."

Textually explicit

Which of the following characterizes sheltered English settings?

The teacher is not proficient in the student's language.

Which of the following is NOT a benefit from reading multicultural literature?

The understanding of the homogeneity of each cultural group

Which of the following characterizes students of diverse linguistic and cultural backgrounds?

They comprise a disproportionately high percentage of students in special education programs.

Kaitlyn is beginning a social studies unit on ancient Egypt with her sixth graders. Although most of her students are reading at grade level, she knows that they will have difficulty with the vocabulary such as: Ankh. mummy Obelisk. papyrus Pharaoh. pyramid Sarcophagus. scarab Sphinx. temple Tomb. Red Sea Sahara Desert. silt Which of the following vocabulary strategies might be used to increase Kaitlyn's students' in-depth vocabulary knowledge while reading their social studies text?

Use a word sort to identify words by categories.

One way Miss Sherman works on regulation with her kindergarten class is by engaging them in sustained play during center time. She is a proponent of whose theory?

Vygotsky

Book talks are a great way to evoke student response to literature because so many different types of discussions evolve. Which question is NOT one that would typically be asked during a book-talk?

Where did the story take place?

Ms. Summers begins each silent reading session with a status of the class. She notices that Dino has had a new book every day for the last three days. Dino is most likely

a wanderer

Mr. Martinez is generating a vocabulary list for his students to learn. The list should include

both words that the students find interesting and words that students will encounter while reading literature and content material.

Today's basals still misunderstand the importance of

building background knowledge.

Readers form concepts to represent similar objects and events in the environment. This skill of reducing the complexity of our language requires the learner to assign each word a

category

In his kindergarten class, Mr. Gulliver wants to work on fluency and needs to know the best strategy for children this age. You tell him that he should use

choral reading

The ________ type of reading materials includes basal readers and trade books.

core

According to guidelines in the text for selecting a core reading program, the first step should be to

create a textbook adoption committee.

When students use a graphic aid to organize their thoughts about both sides of a controversial issue, they are most likely using

discussion webs

Kallie and Grace love to tell jokes and puns. They are enjoying the use of language known as

divertive

Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development is similar to Piaget's theory in that it

emphasizes that children must be actively involved in order to grow and learn.

After the story is read and the main parts of the suggested lesson framework are completed, teachers may continue themes and make cross-curricular connects with projects and activities. This process is called

extension

In literature circles the teacher's role should be one of

facilitator

Reader's theater, choral reading, and echo reading are all strategies

for groups of students

Selecting multicultural books for a classroom library is important. Teachers need to be aware of all of the following EXCEPT

format

Six-year-old Lillian selected a book from the classroom library. She was able to read most of the words but she needed her teacher's help to fully comprehend the story. Consequently, this book fit Lillian's

frustration level

Factors that influence an individual's success in learning to read have been categorized in all of the following categories EXCEPT

gender diversity

Curriculum Compacting is a strategy that works best for

gifted students

When teachers choose to integrate the use of the Internet into the classroom, they should consider

how often students are allowed to utilize the Internet in the classroom.

Decades of research in primary and middle school classrooms have shown that ________ learning environments increase the volume of writing and reading that elementary children do.

informal

Which of the following reading levels has been called the "teaching level"?

instructional

Another term for the comprehensive approach to teaching reading is

integrated approach

The three broad categories of reading materials are core instructional programs, supplemental materials, and

intervention tools

The value of exposing young children to environmental print is that it

introduces children to the idea that print carries a message.

Mr. McCarthy wants to try echo reading with his class. He should select a book that

is above his students' average reading level.

The validity of a standardized test is

its lack of bias.

The writing activity that students are involved in when they correspond with a partner via e-mail is called

key pals

Within a basal reader, a(n) ________ provides a sequential arrangement of student books, teacher's editions, and ancillary materials and builds on those that come before it.

level

Mrs. Martin teaches a class composed of students who speak at least three different languages. The students also represent three different regional dialects. According to your text, Mrs. Martin's students can be described as

linguistically diverse

When designing a ________, consider the setting, location, and props.

literacy play center

A reading professional continually needs to study the knowledge base from a ________ perspective.

multidisciplinary

Ms. Jackson wants to assess accuracy and automaticity so she uses

oral reading fluency norm charts.

Metacognition refers to knowledge about and regulation of some form of cognitive activity. In the case of reading, metacognition is least relevant to

performing a highly practiced skill

When an ELL student gives a partially correct answer to Mr. Garcia's question, Mr. Garcia says, "Nice work! Can you tell me more?" Mr. Garcia is using

response protocol

Based on current research, the International Reading Association recommends that reading instruction for students who speak languages other than English

should take place in the student's native language.

Words like first, second, same, and different are all examples of

signal words

A(n) ________ provides the student with a skeletal paragraph: a sequence of spaces tied together with transition words and connectors that signal a line of thought.

story frame

A(n) ________ is a way of identifying major structural elements, both explicit and implicit, underlying a story to be taught in class.

story map

If implemented correctly, a silent reading program can

support oral reading fluency.

All of the following entries should be included in a portfolio EXCEPT

test scores

Emily has learned that English writing represents sounds, or that there is a correspondence between graphemes and phonemes. As a beginning reader Emily has mastered

the alphabetic principle

In Mr. Roger's class, he knows students need to read accurately, which means the ability to recognize or decode words correctly. In order for his students to do this, they need an understanding of

the alphabetic principle

A morpheme is

the smallest meaningful unit of a word.

When a student says, "I can't find the book I want to read," it usually means that the student

thinks that there are not any "good" books available.

One of the main purposes of an Informal Reading Inventory (IRI) is

to pair students with appropriate instructional materials.

The ________ approach involves students reading about and discussing various cultural perspectives.

transformative

To access alphabet knowledge a teacher must

use an alphabet checklist and ask the child to identify letters.

Which of the following vocabulary development strategies is least likely to teach words systematically and in depth?

writing definitions

Roughly how many American children are taught with a basal reader?

65%

Albert's district has recently adopted a new basal reading program. He says with so many different things to think about such as response to intervention, Common Core State Standards, and how to meet the needs of English Language Learners, following the basal closely is the best approach for him. What would lead Albert to think this way?

A basal reading program is an all-inclusive set of commercially produced materials for providing classroom reading instruction.

Which of the following definitions describes "scope and sequence"?

A general plan in a basal reader for the introduction of skills

Which of the following is NOT considered a standard score?

Age equivalency

Which of the following contributes to a student's success or failure in school?

All of the above (The student has no access to books. The student's parents are illiterate. The student's family is impoverished.)

Which of the following characterizes differentiated instruction?

All of these (Blending whole class, small group, and individual instruction. Assessing students' needs. Implementing multiple approaches to learning)

Assessing textbooks can be accomplished through

All of these (the Cloze Procedure. readability formuals. consumer judgements)

Which of the following is NOT one of the best predictors of later success in literacy achievement as confirmed by the Early National Literacy Panel?

Alphabetic principle

Which of the following instructional practices is NOT part of explicit instruction?

Assign