Reading #2_Chap 2

According to research, which two traits are assets for first-line and middle managers? (Select two.)

High need for achievement High need for power

Which personality trait is best exemplified by someone who wants to start his or her own business?

High openness to experience

_______ values provide guidance about how organizations and their members achieve organizational goals.

Instrumental

Which individual has a high need for affiliation?

John, who is concerned that others will like him

The ______ is the most widely used personality assessment.

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

Juan's boss never seems to be satisfied. He always complains about everyone's work and is often angry. Juan's boss ranks high on which personality trait?

Negative affectivity

Which of the Big Five personality traits relates to feeling distressed, having undesirable emotions, and being critical of oneself and others?

Negative affectivity

A manager who must be conservative in his or her planning and decision making might want to have a low ranking in which personality trait?

Openness to experience

Reggie came to work on his first day wearing a suit and tie. He quickly observed that everyone else was wearing jeans and t-shirts. What key element of the organization did Reggie fail to understand?

Organizational language

What is a disadvantage of the Attraction-Selection-Attrition model in organizations?

Resistance to change due to similar people viewing things in similar ways

What are the most common rites firms use to transmit cultural norms to their employees? (Check all that apply.)

Rites of enhancement Rites of passage Rites of integration

In addition to personality, what other personal characteristics of managers are said to shape organizational culture? (Select all that apply.)

Their values Their attitudes

Select from the following the instrumental values that your text identifies as being important to managers. (Check all that apply)

ambitious self-controlled broad-minded

Emotional intelligence can help managers perform their important roles, such as their _______ roles. (Check all that apply.)

figurehead liaison leader

Kerry works hard to maintain good working relationships with her clients. It is also important that she be liked by her coworkers. Kerry has a high _______.

need for affiliation

The use of ceremonies, rites, stories and language are ways in which managers maintain and transmit _______ to employees.

organizational culture

Clarence is getting ready to retire and Ted is slated to take over his position. The preparation for Clarence's retirement and Ted's promotion fall under the rites of ______.

passage

The rites of ________ determine how individuals enter an organization, how they advance through an organization, and ultimately how they will leave the organization.

passage

In an organization, negative moods and emotions can indicate _______.

problems that need attention

Which of the following could be a positive outcome of having a manager who ranks high on negative affectivity?

It can encourage the manager and others to improve performance.

When problems arise in her department at work, Tammy would rather let other people take the initiative to solve them since she doesn't think her actions would have much effect on the outcome. Tammy has a(n) _______ locus of control.

external

Which of the following occupations is best suited for someone who ranks high in extroversion?

Bartender

Which of the following characteristics of managers plays a role in determining organizational culture?

Both terminal and instrumental values

A person ranking high on the "openness to experience" personality trait would exhibit which of the following traits? (Check all that apply.)

Broad interests Risk taking Originality

How do rites of enhancement reinforce an organization's values and norms?

By bonding members within an organization

How are the "Big Five" personality traits used to describe a manager's personality?

By determining where the manager falls on the continuum for each trait

Which type of culture is best suited for organizations that rely on a defined, hierarchical structure?

Conservative

According to the text, what factors contribute to a manager's effectiveness? (Check all that apply.)

His or her personality traits The organization in which he or she works The nature of the job itself

Beliefs that signify what an organization and its employees are trying to accomplish are _______ values, and values that guide how the organization and its members achieve organizational goals are _______ values.

terminal; instrumental

Negative affectivity can be described as _______.

the tendency to feel distressed and be critical of oneself and others

An internal locus of control can be described as _______.

the tendency to locate responsibility for one's fate within oneself

Which personality trait is especially important for upper-level managers?

A high need for power

Which terminal values does your text identify as being especially important for managers? (Check all that apply.)

A sense of accomplishment Equality Self-respect

A manager who is uncooperative and distrustful of others would rank low on which personality trait?

Agreeableness

Because they must have perseverance and determination to overcome the obstacles to starting a new business, entrepreneurs often rank high in which personality trait?

Conscientiousness

Which of the following jobs is best suited for a manager that ranks low on agreeableness?

Drill sergeant

Tyrell is friendly, outgoing, sociable, and always seems to experience positive emotions and moods. These characteristics can be attributed to which personality trait?

Extraversion

Which of the following traits would be exhibited by a manager who is extraverted? (Check all that apply.)

Sociable Outgoing Affectionate

The DiSC personality assessment measures which of the following traits? (Check all that apply.)

Steadiness Conscientiousness Dominance Influence

Which of the following are reasons why it is good for a manager to have an internal locus of control? (Check all that apply.)

They are responsible for ensuring their employees behave in an ethical manner. They are responsible for what happens in their organization. They need to believe that they can make a difference.

Select the likely outcomes of subordinates whose managers experience positive moods at work. (Check all that apply.)

They perform at a higher level. They are less likely to resign. Their creativity is enhanced.

Which of the following are ways in which a manager would most likely lead in an organization with an innovative culture? (Check all that apply.)

They would encourage risk-taking. They would lead by example.

Which of the following are ways in which managers would perform the controlling function in an innovative culture? (Check all that apply.)

They would stress flexibility. They would place more importance on long-term performance.

Which of the following are ways in which organizational culture is maintained and transmitted to organizational members? (Select all that apply.)

Through stories and language Through values of the founder Through ceremonies and rites

A manager ranking low in conscientiousness would exhibit which of the following traits? (Check all that apply.)

Unorganized Lack of direction

A mood is defined as _______.

a feeling or state of mind

A person who ranks high on the "openness to experience" personality trait shows _______.

a willingness to take risks

An instrumental value your text identifies as being important to managers is _____.

ambition

Some research suggests that people's critical thinking is enhanced when they _______.

are in a negative mood

Instrumental values _______.

are modes of conduct that an individual seeks to follow

People with an external locus of control tend to _______.

believe that outside forces are responsible for what happens to them

Managers who rank high on the _______ personality trait tend to be careful in their work, scrupulous, and persevering.

conscientiousness

A(n) ______ culture is likely to use management by objectives.

conservative

When there is too much similarity in terms of people and ideas in an organization, its _______ can be impaired due to the lack of diverse perspectives.

effectiveness

Colin just found out that his sales rep lost a big account. The initial anger Colin feels can be described as his _______.

emotion

Mega corporation holds an annual award dinner to recognize employee achievements gained throughout the year. This is an example of rites of _______.

enhancement

Positive moods are likely to be experienced by people who display _______.

extraversion

Norms are _______.

informal codes of conduct about how people should act in particular situations

Bridget just started working at a company that has a flat, organic structure with little hierarchy. When problems arise, her team is encouraged to come up with a solution; there is no central authority they must report to. Her company's culture is most likely _______.

innovative

Rites of _______ build and reinforce common bonds among members of an organization.

integration

Chad and Derek are both managers. Chad feels responsible for the success of his department, while Derek doesn't think his actions make much of a difference. Chad has a(n)_______ locus of control and Derek has a(n) _______ locus of control.

internal, external

People who feel they have responsibility for their own fate have a(n) _______ locus of control, while those who believe outside forces are responsible for what happens to them have a(n) _______ locus of control.

internal; external

Terminal values can be described as _______.

lifelong goals that an individual seeks to achieve

The Big Five personality traits can be viewed as a continuum with each trait ranging from _______.

low to high

How people feel about themselves and their capabilities is directly related to their _______.

self-esteem

As noted in your text, a sense of accomplishment, equality, and _______ are terminal values that are especially important for managers.

self-respect

Organizations in which members share an intense commitment to cultural values, beliefs, and routines and use them to achieve their goals have a _______ organizational culture.

strong

Melody wants to live in a peaceful world, where she is free to make her own choices and can enjoy a leisurely life. These lifelong goals are Melody's _______ values.

terminal

The two types of personal values are _______ and _______. (Select two.)

terminal instrumental

A manager's effectiveness is determined by a complex interaction between their personality traits and _______.

the nature of the job and organization

Over time, the founder's values and norms permeate and define _______.

the organizational culture

Organizational socialization can be defined as _______.

the process by which newcomers learn an organization's values and norms and acquire the work behaviors to perform jobs effectively

Terminal values often lead to the formation of norms, which are _______.

unwritten, informal codes of conduct

The terms "terminal" and "instrumental" refer to two types of _______.

values

A person with a high need for achievement would most likely _______.

want to receive performance feedback

Employees that are loosely committed to shared organizational values, beliefs, and routines are a characteristic of an organization with a _______ organizational culture.

weak

What personality trait is exhibited by a person who generally gets along with others?

Agreeableness

The Big Five personality traits range from "extraversion" to "openness to experience." What are the remaining three traits? (Check all that apply.)

Agreeableness Negative affectivity Conscientiousness

Which of the following are rites of integration? (Check all that apply.)

Announcements of organizational successes Office parties Company cookouts

Which of the following are components of organizational language? (Check all that apply.)

Degree of formality Spoken language Manner of dress

What personality trait is exhibited by a person who tends to experience positive emotions and generally feels good about himself and the rest of the world?

Extraversion

Which of the following is a "Big Five" personality trait?

Extraversion

Which of the following are the "Big Five" personality traits? (Check all that apply)

Extraversion Agreeableness Conscientiousness Negative affectivity Openness to Experience

True or false: A socialization system is defined as the terminal and instrumental values that are guiding principles in an individual's life.

False

True or false: Agreeableness is the personality trait exhibited by a person who experiences positive emotions and tends to feel good about himself.

False

True or false: Founders typically have little effect on the development of an organization's culture.

False

True or false: In order for a story to communicate organizational culture, it must be based on fact.

False

True or false: The need for power relates to an individual's desire to perform challenging tasks.

False

Which of the following are true regarding the relationship between stories and organizational culture? (Check all that apply.)

Stories can reveal behaviors that an organization values. Stories can reveal practices that an organization frowns upon. Stories can reveal organizational values and norms.

A high level of conscientiousness is associated with which tendencies? (Check all that apply.)

Tendency to be careful Tendency to be scrupulous Tendency to persevere

_______ values make up an individual's value system and impact the guiding principles in an individual's life.

Terminal and instrumental

Colin thinks he is responsible for his own fate within his company in terms of whether or not he gets promoted or which jobs are assigned to him. Colin can be said to have _______.

an internal locus of control

In an organization that exhibits _______ values, top managers are more likely to emphasize formalized, top-down planning processes, which can slow decision making.

conservative

A person with a high need for power can best be described as wanting to _______.

control or influence others

Both positive and negative moods can contribute to _______ in the workplace.

creativity

Benjamin Schneider developed a model that helps explain the role that founders' personal characteristics play in determining organizational _______.

culture

The founders of the company tend to hire employees with similar personalities, which, as a result, shapes the _______ of the company.

culture

An individual can be described as having a(n) _______ if he or she enjoys challenging tasks and sets high personal standards for himself/herself.

high need for achievement

Jenna is an accountant. She feels very confident in her work, gets along well with others, and is certain of her ability to handle her clients needs. Jenna has a(n) _______.

high self-esteem

A manager with high emotional intelligence is better able to understand and manage _______.

his/her own feelings effectively

The attraction-selection-attrition (ASA) framework illustrates _______.

how personality may influence organizational culture

Lionel is a manager of new product development. He wants to make sure his employees are flexible and take the initiative to come up with new ideas. Because of that, Lionel is not concerned about his employees doing their jobs in a specific manner. The way in which Lionel controls his employees is indicative of a(n) _______ culture.

innovative

Once a month, Kendra holds an organizational planning meeting. She invites all lower-level managers to participate in the process and encourages a flexible approach to planning. Kendra's organization most likely has a(n) _______ culture.

innovative

Kaylee has decided that she will strive to be cheerful, ambitious, and honest in all of her dealings at work. These desired modes of conduct are Kaylee's _______ values.

instrumental values

Emotions can be defined as _______.

intense, relatively short-lived feelings

Because managers are responsible for what happens in their organizations, they benefit from having a(n) ______ locus of control.

internal

Managerial effectiveness is determined by a complex interaction between the nature of the job and the organization in which a manager works and the _______.

manager's characteristics, including personality traits

The attraction-selection-attrition (ASA) framework suggests that _______.

managers are drawn to employees with similar personalities as their own

A person defines his or her state of mind as a(n) _______.

mood

Personality traits that may be effective in one situation may be detrimental in another. This illustrates the fact that _______.

no one trait is right or wrong for being effective as a manager

Terminal values often lead to the formation of _______.

norms

The unwritten office code is that employees should treat each other with respect and conduct themselves in an ethical manner. These are examples of company _______.

norms

Through the rites of passage, integration, and enhancement, organizations transmit _______ to their members.

norms and values

According to the Big Five personality traits, people who rank high on _______ are especially likely to experience negative moods.

openness to experience

Josh is a new employee. He is just starting to learn what the organization's values are and is beginning to develop the work behaviors necessary for him to perform his job well. Josh is in the process of _______.

organizational socialization