Recognizing and Reporting Child Abuse Pennsylvania
5. Which of the following do you need to make a report of suspected abuse of a child?
A reasonable cause to suspect abuse
10. ___________ is defined as something that is done to harm or cause potential harm to a child.
Act
Shaquan has been in and out of foster care since birth due to his mother's drug addiction. At age fourteen, he runs away from his kinship home and begins to live on the streets. Within weeks, Shaquan finds himself living in abandoned buildings and stealing food from local vendors. To avoid being caught by the police, he goes with a friend to a place where a lot of kids go to live. Shaquan quickly learns the rules of the house include doing "sexual favors". With no place else to go and fearful he could be arrested, he stays and does what he is told.
All of the Above. Shaquan is a victim of child abuse, human trafficking, and sex trafficking.
1. Children that experience the trauma of child abuse and neglect can suffer from long term effects. Which of the following is a potential long term effect?
All of the above. Physical health, psychological, and behavorial consequences
5. Which of the following is a true statement regarding disparity in the child welfare system:
B and c only. (Disparity in the child welfare system is demonstrated when there is a discrepancy, inconsistency, or imbalance of services and outcomes for children according to their race or ethnicity c. Once a call comes in about an African American child, the report is more likely to be substantiated and that child is more likely to be removed from home and stay away from home longer than a Caucasian child.)
2. Unexplained injuries, multiple bruises, burns and injuries that are inconsistent with a child's age or developmental level can be physical indicators of what type of abuse?
Bodily injury
3. Which of the following is a circumstance which requires a health care provider to immediately give notice or cause notice to be given to the department for an infant under one year of age and the health care provider has determined, based on standards of professional practice, that the child was born affected by:
Both a and b (Substance use or withdrawal symptoms resulting from prenatal drug exposure b. Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder.)
1. "According to PA law, in order for child abuse to occur there needs to be an act or failure to act, a perpetrator and a ___________."
Child
In a state supervised, county administered state such as Pennsylvania, who is responsible for continuously assessing and/or investigating the safety and wellbeing of the child?
County Children and Youth agencies
ChildLine receives a report stating that Leanne occasionally has to leave for work a couple of hours before her nine year old son, Tyler gets picked up for school. The report does not identify any harm to Tyler. ChildLine will likely refer the report to:
County agency to assess for GPS to determine Tyler's needs and the provision of services, if appropriate. (The report will likely be referred for assessment to consider the provision of general protective services, if appropriate)
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9. The identity of the perpetrator must be known in order to make a report of suspected child abuse to ChildLine?
False
6. If the county children and youth agency arrives at the home and finds the child without proper parental care or control, the agency would then provide which type of service?
General protective services
5. A mandated reporter is at a family picnic and a friend identifies a child who is being sexually abused. Which of the following fulfills the responsibility of the mandated reporter?
Go to a phone and call ChildLine
Tyler was thirteen when he found leftover oxycodone in his parents' medicine cabinet and got high for the first time. Over the next four years, he became addicted to drugs, eventually switching to heroin. His adult cousin Dwight, a drug dealer, told Tyler if he wanted to keep getting drugs, he would have to work for it. Tyler ran away from his home and moved in with Dwight, who demanded that Tyler have sex with his customers in return for room board, and drugs. Dwight told Tyler not to tell their family about what he was doing. When Tyler tried to leave, Dwight threatened him with exposing him to his family and cutting him off drugs. Which two human trafficking at-risk factors for Tyler can you identify?
Having mental health or substance use disorders Being runaway or homeless status (Tyler became addicted to oxycodone Tyler is 17 and ran away from his family)
An ER physician diagnosed eight-month-old Elijah with abusive head trauma. Elijah's mother was home with him until 1:00 pm. An adult babysitter was with Elijah from 1:00 pm - 3:00 pm when the father arrived home. The father took Elijah to the hospital at 5:00 p.m. All three adults deny knowing what caused Elijah's injury.
Immediately report a suspicion of child abuse to ChildLine (A reporter is not required to identify the person responsible for the child abuse to make a report of suspected child abuse A trained child welfare professional is responsible for conducting an investigation)
13. ___________is the recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision or obtaining of a person for labor or service through the use of force, fraud or coercion, for the purpose of subjection to involuntary servitude, peonage, debt bondage or slavery.
Labor trafficking
Nineteen-year-old Bella, while visiting the home, and twelve-year-old Sonya, who lives in the home, hit and kicked their eight-year-old step-brother, Lucas, causing deep bruises across his face, arms, and back.
Lucas: Child (12 years old) Sonya: Child (under 14) Bella: Perpetrator (over 18 )
Maria, age 16 is the eldest child in her family of six. Her family is struggling due to her mother's recent illness. Even though Maria's father works, the medical expenses resulted in them losing their apartment. A friend of the family agreed to provide a home for the family, but only if Maria worked for him by providing cleaning services. Maria worked extremely long days cleaning houses for several families. She gives all of the money she earns to the friend of the family. Maria asks for more of her earnings, but the friend of the family threatens her and tells her that she will lose her job and the housing being provided to her family.
Maria is a victim of human trafficking. As stated in the definition above human trafficking includes the use of children for labor services through force, fraud, or coercion. Maria is forced to work long hours and must provide the majority of her earnings to their family friend. For more information on human trafficking please select the button below.
2. Which of the following would be considered a permissive reporter?
Parent (not a school employee, funeral director, librarian)
6. If a person who does data entry for a computer company and has no role with children witnesses their neighbor slap their child, are they a mandated or permissive reporter of child abuse?
Permissive
Trystan is an active 4 year old boy. He often arrives at his daycare center with bumps and bruises. Today, he arrived with welts and blisters on the back of his legs that resembled the shape of a strap or belt. When the daycare provider asked Trystan what happened, he didn't answer the question, but said his daddy was mad at him. The daycare provider asked Trystan's father about the marks that evening when he picked him up from the center. He shrugged it off by saying, "you know how boys are - they play rough." The daycare provider did not think the marks looked like they came as the result of playtime. They question in their mind how a child would have gotten welts and blisters on the backs of their legs while playing.
REPORT TO CHILDLINE: The daycare provider does not think the welts and blisters match those a child might get from playing. They question how a child who "plays rough" would get those types of injuries on the backs of his legs. They recall the child saying his "daddy was mad"
6. If you have reasonable cause to believe a child is being abused, the FIRST thing you should do is?
Report the suspicion to ChildLine
5. Which of the following situations would be considered child abuse?
Reporting false medical symptoms of a child to a doctor, resulting in harmful medical treatments
6. A psychological condition that is diagnosed by a doctor or licensed psychologist that causes the child to be chronically and severely anxious, agitated or depressed is called ____________.
Serious Mental Injury
7. Incest, prostitution, indecent exposure and involuntary deviate sexual intercourse are examples of what type of abuse?
Sexual abuse or Exploitation
3. When considering your observations and determining if you have reasonable cause to suspect child abuse, which of the following would you eliminate from consideration?
The ability of the family to change
6. Some of the variables that can have an impact on how an abused child develops emotionally and behaviorally include: the relationship to the abuser, the duration of the abuse, the frequency of abuse, type of abuse and ______________.
The age of onset
5. Who does the county children and youth agency have to verbally notify of the right to have an attorney present during the interview before interviewing them?
The alleged perpetrator
1. Strict confidentiality provisions prevent which of the following:
The department or any designated agent of the person in charge from identifying the person who made the report of suspected child abuse or cooperated in a subsequent investigation
In circumstances that negatively affect the medical health of a child, what information must a county agency provide to a child's primary care physician or a licensed certified medical practitioner who is providing medical care to the child to provide for coordination of care?
The identity of other licensed certified medical practitioners who provide medical care to the child (If requested by the child's primary care physician or a licensed certified medical practitioner who is providing medical care to the child, the county agency, in order to ensure the proper medical care of the child, shall provide the identity of other licensed certified medical practitioners providing medical care to the child, to allow for coordination of care between medical practitioners.)
2. ChildLine will refer a report of abuse to the appropriate county agency and law enforcement officials when:
The report also alleges that a criminal offense has been committed against a child
1. Both physical and behavioral indicators are often observed with children who have been sexually abused.
True
11. In Pennsylvania, in certain circumstances a fourteen year old youth can be considered a perpetrator of child abuse?
True
12. Pennsylvania has enacted legislation regarding human trafficking.
True
14. Youth who willingly participate in sexual acts to survive are victims of sex trafficking.
True
2. ChildLine is Pennsylvania's hotline for reporting suspected child abuse?
True
4. The county children and youth agency is responsible for investigating suspected child abuse - child protective services; and assessing the need for general protective services.
True
5. General Protective Services provided by the county children and youth agency are services provided when protective services are required in non-abuse cases, or those cases that do not rise to the level of child abuse as per the CPSL
True
8. Kicking or biting a child in a manner that endangers the child are examples of child abuse?
True
Pastor Baker is leading a Sunday School class discussion when Ms. Wile shares a time when she was feeling spiritually challenged. She speaks of the stress she was experiencing and how that effected her two children. While sharing her story, she revealed that at least on one occasion she had lost her temper and caused bruising and bleeding on the "backside" of her 4 year old son.
Yes, Pastor Baker must report suspected child abuse when an individual 14 years of age or older makes a specific disclosure that indicates they have committed child abuse. Since Ms. Wile's admission was not privileged communication, a clergyman, priest, rabbi, minister, Christian Science practitioner, religious healer or spiritual leader of any regularly established church or other religious organization is a mandated reporter.
Are these individuals mandated reporters and considered direct contact with a child? The principal of a private K-12 school, A cafeteria monitor in the school lunchroom, An online teacher of 3rd grade at a cyber charter school.
Yes, these persons are mandated reporters
3. The traumatic effects of child abuse can last up to:
an entire lifetime
4. Pain and impairment are considered when defining what types of abuse?
bodily injury
Angel, a member of the seventh grade choir arrives to choir practice in a long sleeve shirt and long pants, although the temperature is in the high 80's. When approached by the music teacher, Angel starts crying and shows the marks on her arms that she is trying to hide. Angel shares her mother's boyfriend has been hitting her with his belt. To whom should the music teacher report this incident first?
directly to ChildLine
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3. Determining if the person who allegedly committed child abuse or harm to a child is a perpetrator is the responsibility of the person reporting the abuse.
false
4. Only employed athletic coaches who work with children are considered mandated reports under the Pennsylvania law.
false
4. There is no evidence that children of color are overrepresented in the child welfare system at alarming rates.
false
4. Upon receiving a report that has also been forwarded to local law enforcement, the county children and youth agency no longer has the responsibility to respond to the allegations.
false
2. Reasonable cause to suspect is a determination you make based on: your knowledge of circumstances, your observations, your familiarity with the individuals, and ___________________.
feelings about the situation
3. Which of the following is NOT referenced in the definition of child abuse?
forcefully
6. The caregiver withholding affection and expressing indifference to the child may be a behavioral indicator of adults who commit what type of child abuse?
serious mental injury
3. Fire-setting, cruelty to animals, inappropriate sexual play and or drawings can be examples of behavioral indicators for what type of abuse?
sexual abuse or exploitation
1. Mandated reporters are encouraged to report electronically to ChildLine.
true
1. School employees are mandated reporters and must therefore, contact ChildLine as their first step when reporting child abuse.
true
1. To report suspected child abuse, you only need to have a reasonable cause to suspect a child is a victim of abuse.
true
2. A mandated reporter who makes a report of suspected child abuse has the right to receive information about the final status of the report and about services provided or arranged to protect the child.
true
4. A mandated reporter who willfully fails to make a report of child abuse when they suspect may face legal penalties.
true
4. A parent who is emotionally disconnected and neglectful of their child can result in the child assuming the parental role or becoming parentified.
true
4. An individual's feelings and personal biases can influence the likelihood that they will report suspected child abuse.
true
5. Indicators of child abuse are not always seen in children who have been abused.
true
7. There are behavioral indicators for both children who are abused AND those adults who abuse children.
true
8. Youth who are in the foster care system are at a higher risk of becoming victims of human trafficking.
true
A certified medical practitioner must promptly provide the county agency with information when an assessment for general protective services or a child abuse investigation is being conducted, or when the family has been accepted for services by a county agency.
true, At any point beyond the screening process, until the time a case is closed, the county agency can obtain relevant medical records from a certified medical practitioner without obtaining medical consent.
Amelia is an emergency room nurse at the local hospital. One day, she is treating a sixteen year old girl, Jade for a twisted ankle. Jade tells Amelia that she is worried about her five year-old sister and explains that she got angry with her sister last night and hit her hard enough to leave marks on her sister's back, legs and arms. Is amelia required to report?
yes, Amelia is considered a mandated reporter, A mandated reporter must report suspected child abuse when an individual 14 years of age or older makes a specific disclosure to the mandated reporter that the individual has committed child abuse. The child victim does not have to be under the care, supervision, or guidance of the mandated reporter for the mandated reporter to be required to report suspected abuse. The following slide will clarify.
After work, Deana attended an exercise class. Her instructor told her that her 9 year old nephew, Michael, who lives with her, came home after visiting with his mom with a black eye and bruises on his face and arms. Michael did not provide any details to his aunt but did acknowledge his mom hit him. Is Deana required to make a report?
yes, Deana must report suspected child abuse in certain situations outside of her work when a person makes a specific disclosure to her that an identifiable child is the victim of child abuse. The child victim does not have to be under Deana's care, supervision, or guidance for her to be required to report suspected abuse.
Deana is a therapist in private practice. During a counseling session, Deana's client, Mia, age 16, tells Deana that she has been touching her 8 year old sister's "private parts". The 8 year old is not under the care, guidance or supervision of Deana or her agency. Is Deana required to make a report?
yes, Deana must report suspected child abuse when an individual 14 years of age or older makes a specific disclosure to her that the individual has committed child abuse. The child victim does not have to be under Dean's care, supervision, or guidance of the mandated reporter for the mandated reporter to be required to report suspected abuse
Maryann is a contracted therapist for a children's residential treatment program. While grocery shopping with her husband after work, she witnesses a woman from her neighborhood, Debra slap her young son, Levi across the face. Because Levi does not stop crying, Debra begins yelling and "yanks" Levi out of the grocery cart by his arm. He falls to the floor; banging his nose against the grocery cart causing it to bleed. Debra "grabs" Levi and begins shaking him uncontrollably while yelling. Is Maryann required to report the incident even though she is off work?
yes, Maryann must report suspected child abuse in certain situations outside of her work when a person makes a specific disclosure to her that an identifiable child is the victim of child abuse. The child victim does not have to be under Maryann's care, supervision, or guidance for her to be required to report suspected abuse.
Troy is a volunteer at a school where he regularly provides tutoring. One of the students, Rosita, tells Troy that her mother burned her brother, 3-year-old Miguel, on his buttocks with a curling iron because he was misbehaving. Rosita states that Miguel screamed and cried. In this instance is Troy required to report? Is Troy required to report?
yes, Troy is a mandated reporter he must report suspected child abuse in certain situations when a person makes a specific disclosure to the mandated reporter that an identifiable child is the victim of child abuse. The child victim does not have to be under the care, supervision, or guidance of the mandated reporter for the mandated reporter to be required to report suspected abuse.
Place the steps of the process for mandated reporters who are staff at institutions, schools, facilities, or agencies in the correct order.
1.Report to Childline 2. Report to institution, school, facility or agency administrator 3.Childline Determines Next Steps
Please select the correct response for each perpetrator and/or criminal offense
1.The CCYA assesses for protective services or public agency for appropriate action a. neither perpetrator and criminal offense against a child 2.The CCYA and law enforcement officials jointly investigate the allegation a. perpetrator and criminal offense against a child 3.The county children and youth agency (CCYA) investigates the allegations a. perpetrator only 4. law enforcement officials investigate the allegations a. criminal offense against a child only
7. A mandated reporter must report when a child of what age makes a specific disclosure that they have committed child abuse?
14
2. The CPSL defines a child as an individual under the age of:
18
3. When does ChildLine accept reports of suspected abuse?
24 hours per day, 7 days a week
3. The PA Department of Human Services must notify the mandated reporter of the final status of a report within:
3 business days after receiving the final results of the investigation
2. The early identification of child abuse can result in
A and B only. (a. Avoiding additional incidence of child abuse b. Decrease further trauma)
