Relative Clauses, defining and non defining - grammar

Few of the people who/that applied for the job had the necessary qualifications.

A job was advertised. A lot of people applied for it. Few of them had the necessary qualifications

The classrooms, [which were painted over the summer], are bright and cheerful.

ALL the classrooms were painted

Alaska, where my brother lives, is the largest state in the USA.

Alaska is the largest state in the USA. (My brother lives there.)

Amy showed me a picture of her son, who is a police officer.

Amy has a son. She showed me a picture of him. He's a police officer.

Catherine, who lives next door, is very friendly.

Catherine is very friendly. (She lives next door.)

European banks lend far more to Asia than do American banks.

European banks lend more to Asia. Americans lend less.

I dropped a glass that was new.

I dropped a glass (the glass was new)

I dropped a glass which / that was new.

I dropped a glass. The glass was new.

I had been looking and looking and hadn't been able to find anything on her wish list

I had been Look_____ and __________ and hadn't ________ able to find anything that was on her wish_______-

I sent an email to my brother who lives in Australia.

I sent an email to my brother (my brother lives in Australia)

I sent an email to my brother who / that lives in Australia.

I sent an email to my brother. My brother lives in Australia.

I would like to quote the words of the president here

I w______ l______ To QU________ the words of the president here

I've found the book I was looking for this morning. or ... the book that/ which I was looking for.

I was looking for a book this morning. I've found it now.

I went to see the doctor, who told me I needed to change my diet.

I went to see the doctor. (She told me I needed to change my diet.

I went to see the doctor, who told me I needed to change my diet.

I went to see the doctor. (She told me I needed to change my diet.)

My car, which I've had for 15 years, has never broken down.

I've had my car for 15 years. lt has never broken down.

let's take another look at those figures

Let's t_____ another l______ at t________ f_____________

Lisa, whose job involves a lot of travelling, is away from home a lot.

Lisa is away from home a lot. (Her job involves a lot of traveling.

Mark's father, who used to be in the army, now works for a TV company.

Mark's father that used to be in the army now works for a TV company./ wrong

My office, which is on the second floor, is very small

My office is on the second floor. my office is small.

My sister, who lives in Australia, has three children.

My sister has three children (my sister lives in Australia)

Now you're probably wondering what's the significance of all this

Now you're probably wond______ wh______ the s___________ o____a____ This

The doctor that examined me couldn't find anything wrong.

OK (The doctor who examined me ... is also correct)

Our teacher, whose name I have forgotten, was very kind.

Our teacher was very kind. (I have forgotten her name.)

right let's just go back too that slide

Right le__'s_ j____ g_____ back t____ That slide

She loves books that have happy endings.

She loves books (the books have happy endings)

She worked for a man who used to be an athlete.

She worked for a man (the man used to be an athlete)

She worked for a man who / that used to be an athlete.

She worked for a man. The man used to be an athlete.

Steven, who/whom I've known for a very long time, is one of my closest friends.

Steven is one of my closest friends. (I have known him for a very long time.

Steven, who/whom I've known for a very long time, is one of my closest friends.

Steven is one of my closest friends. (I have known him for a very long time.)

The customer liked the waitress who was very friendly.

The customer liked the waitress (the waitress was very friendly)

The customer liked the waitress who / that was very friendly.

The customer liked the waitress. The waitress was very friendly.

The fruit, that is on the table, isn't fresh.

The fruit isn't fresh (the fruit is on the table )

The girl, who is from India, works in a bank.

The girl works in a bank (the girl is from India)

The man, who is wearing a blue jumper, is in the garden.

The man is in the garden (the man is wearing a blue jumper)

The mayor, who had connections with the city's mafia, drove a very expensive Jaguar.

The mayor drove a very expensive Jaguar. He had connections with the city's mafia

The mayor drove a very expensive Jaguar, which he had bought with the taxpayer's money.

The mayor drove a very expensive Jaguar. he bought with the taxpayer's money.

The mayor drove a very expensive Jaguar, which was a gift from a prominent businessman.

The mayor drove a very expensive Jaguar. it was a gift from a prominent businessman.

The mayor, who was rich before she won the elections, drove a very expensive Jaguar.

The mayor drove a very expensive Jaguar. she was rich before she won the elections.

The mayor, who was a communist in the past, drove a very expensive Jaguar.

The mayor drove a very expensive Jaguar.He was a communist in the past

The money, that belongs to John, is in the kitchen.

The money is in the kitchen (the money belongs to John)

The new stadium, which can hold 90,000 people, will be finished next month.

The new stadium will be finished next month. (lt can hold 90,000 people.)

The sun, which is one of millions of stars in the universe, provides us with heat and light.

The sun that is one of millions of stars in the universe provides us with heat and light./wrong

The table, that was my grandmother's, got broken.

The table got broken (the table was my grandmother's)

The television, that was bought 20 years ago, was stolen.

The television was stolen (the television was bought 20 years ago)

The tip of the iceberg. A small, noticeable part of a problem, the total size of which is really much greater. These small local protests are just the tip of the iceberg.

The ti_ of the Ic__________

The traders often have far more to gain than to lose.

The traders often have alot to gain and less to lose

The waiter, who was wearing a blue shirt, was rude.

The waiter was rude (the waiter was wearing a blue shirt)

The strike at the factory, which began ten days ago, is now over.

There was a strike at the factory. lt began ten days ago. lt is now over.

They called a lawyer who lived nearby.

They called a lawyer (the lawyer lived nearby)

They called a lawyer who / that lived nearby.

They called a lawyer. The lawyer lived nearby.

They live in a city that is in the north of England.

They live in a city (the city is in the north of England)

to sum up the key points

To S____ u____ the k_______ points

We broke the computer that belonged to my father.

We broke the computer (the computer belonged to my father)

We broke the computer which / that belonged to my father.

We broke the computer. The computer belonged to my father.

We often go to visit our friends in Cambridge, which is not far from London.

We often go to visit our friends in Cambridge. (lt is not far from London.)

if there is just one thing I would like you all to remember

if th___i___ just o_____ th____ I w______ like y_____ all t___ Rem______________

it costs a fraction of what Armani costs / far less/ much less/than

it costs a fr_____________of what Armani costs

marketing is a far more complex process than selling

so marketing is a f______ M______ complex process than sell----

so to go back to what I was just saying earlier

so to g______ b_____t____w______ I Was j_______ sa_______earlier

Our house, [which has a red door], needs painting.

tells you that we own only one house and we are simply telling you--in case you want to know

Our house [that has a red door] needs painting.

that suggests that we own more than one house and therefore must explain to you that we are talking about a particular house

The classrooms [that were painted over the summer] are bright and cheerful.

there are other classrooms. tells us that only SOME of the classrooms were painted

They have lost far more than they have made.

they have lost more. they have made less.

_I am going to be talking about ......

today I am going ___ ____ talk_______a_______

what is unseen is the extensive market research

what is uns_________ is the EXt____________ market reasearch