RENMOD - Exam 2
How is an etching made?
A thick acid resistant wax - ground or pitch - is laid out over a metallic slab before being carved out by a thin and pointy tool. The slab is then placed in a vat of acid, where it eats away at the newly exposed metal while leaving the wax-covered parts of the slab intact. The wax is then wiped off, revealing the engraving left by the acid.
In Angelica Kauffman's Zeuxis Choosing His Models for His Painting of Helen of Troy, what is the woman at the right of the painting picking up with her left hand?
- A paintbrush - a sly representation/notion of herself as a female being an artist
On what was the form of the Lenape bandolier bag based?
- Based off of European Ammunition Bags used by 18th and 19th century European soldiers - was an example of a product that is a result of colonialism - it was not their cultures original design
What are the differences between Chinese porcelain of the 17th century and blue-and-white ceramics made elsewhere in the world? (week 8 lecture 13 Slide 10)
- Chinese Porcelain: - very popular across world - Fired at higher temperature - BRIGHT white and Blue pigments since it can handle higher temperatures - BL&W Ceramics: - Fired at lower temperature - Duller BL&W pigments
What do we know about the Jesuits' use of the Illustrations of the Gospel Stories in Asia?
- Geronimo Nadal had illustrations and was brought by missionaries to Asia - book was then reissued in Chinese and illustrations were redone with woodcutter Guilo's Nativity Scene - likenesses of figures change & shading gets flatter 5b. Its purpose was didactic. (intended to teach particularly relating to moral instruction) It has these labels with explanations, and this composition was one of the ones reproduced by a Mughal painter in the Indian context.
In Bichitr's Jahangir Preferring a Sufi Shaykh to Kings, the Mughal Emperor hands a book to the Sufi shaykh over which kings?
- Ottoman Sultan - England's King James I.
What is the art historical term used to describe the type of painting of which Clara Peeters's painting of cheeses, almonds, and pretzels is an example? ( W8-L13-SL1 )
- Still Life
What did Bougainville connect to the Art of Boucher?
- Triumph of Venus - event in Tahiti where islanders ask him to sit down on the grass and it was culturally unfaimiliar to him and feels that it is worthy of Boucher's brush - shows flying babies and drapery to connect the sensuality of Tahiti to the Sensuality in Boucher's paintings - demonstrates an Aesthetic of French Art, proximity to nature, sensual. The French officers are going back to their boats, and they are invited to eat dinner on the island, the people were hella sexual, and some dude plays the flute.
Why was Rembrandt's Night Watch believed to be taking place at night?term-23
- doesn't actually show anything at Night - the varnish he used on the painting darkened overtime - it was a parade during the day time
What makes Velázquez's Portrait of Juan de Pareja unusual within the genre of portraiture?
- its a portrait of a/his slave - its original purpose of portraits was to honor and immortalize important figures only but he does this for his slave in a very loving and respectful way - quote from his biography and people felt that this was more truthful to them
What do we know about the Triumph of the Church by Rubens and its afterlife?
- made this series of designs for a convent in Madrid (tapestries— then into print in the middle of the 17th century — then in PUEBLO was recreated as painting based off of B&W print thus he made his own color scheme-
Who was Philips Lucasz?
- ship commander for Dutch East India Company - made money from trade and travel - gold chain from successfully leading them back and forth
How does Velázquez's Water Carrier of Seville portray its principal figure?
17th century literature casts water sellers like this as scammers or dishonest BUT he chooses in his representation to carry this figure with integrity and respect
How does David present Jean-Paul Marat in Death of Marat?
A martyr for the revolution. - Person who is killed for their religious belief
Who were the painters whose classicizing art was found on ceiling of the gallery in the Farnese Palace containing Odoardo Farnese's collection of antique sculpture?
Annibale Caracci with assistance from Agostino Caracci
How does Artemisia Gentileschi's version of Judith Slaying Holofernes differ from the one by Caravaggio painted about 22 years earlier?
Artemisia Gentileschi's handmaiden is younger and actively/personally involved in the murder - his Judith is wearing an expensive dress - vertical style l Caravaggio's (picture referenced) handmaiden of Judith is older - his Judith is wearing not as nice clothes - landscape style —
What is the term used to describe Rembrandt's use of light and dark contrasts in his Hundred Guilder Print?
Chiaroscuro
What is notable about Caravaggio's Basket of Fruit of 1597?
It's the first independent still life painting made by an Italian artist painted in a naturalistic way
What term was applied by The French Academy to Watteau's paintings of the Dalliances of Leisured People in Outdoor Settings?
Clio - the muse of history Fête Galante = "elegant party."
Who commissioned Jacques-Louis David's Oath of the Horatii?
Commissioned by the Royal Patronage - the king's building work
On what did Benjamin West base the face and facial tattoo of the Native American man in his Death of General Wolfe?
Soapstone Pipe
Who is the figure with cuckold's horns in the bottom right of The Felicity of the Regency by Rubens?
Envy
What is significant about the mirror, the silver tray, and the red vessel on the tray in Las Meninas?
Exploitation of natural resources, colonialism All coming from the new world- dye used for curtains and paint used is made of COCHINEAL (North American Cacti)
What do the arcs of blood spurting from Holofernes's neck wound in Artemisia Gentileschi's Judith Slaying Holofernes resemble?
Galileo's parabolas.
What do we know about Caravaggio's working technique?
He doesn't have any (surviving) preparatory drawings. He did most of his drawings directly on the canvas
Why did Rembrandt Reproduce Figures from Mughal paintings?
He needed new patronage from the wealthy men from the Dutch East Company, and he knows this will appeal to people who associate with India or have connections with India.
What does the Red Cross on Velázquez's chest in Las Meninas signify?
His membership into The Order of Santiago, he is around wealthily people and views himself as being closely connected with these people - also something that seemed to be added later after it was finished
Whose likeness does Caravaggio use for the head of Goliath in his David with the Head of Goliath?
His own. It was practical, and it may have had something to do with something psychological because of his crime of murder.
In Surrender of Breda by Velázquez, who is presenting the key to the commander of the Spanish forces?
Justinus of Nassau.
Which part of the body does The Anatomy Lesson of Doctor Nicolaes Tulp by Rembrandt show the doctor demonstrator working on?
Left Arm, Forearm
What is the main source for the Indian painting of the Deposition painted around 1598?
Marcantonio Raimondi, a Deposition print he made in the 1520s.
In her Self-Portrait of 1790, Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun shows herself working on a portrait of whom?
Marie Antoinette -she had to escape bc monarchy was being overthrown and she went to Russia
How do we know that Bichitr was the painter who made the image of Shah Jahan standing on a globe?
Stylistic analysis, looking at signatures - He chooses to use light gold colors, images are flat, he was commissioned by many emperors to paint these kind of images, the materials are similar
Who is the figure dressed in a yellow daopao in The Miracles of Francis Xavier by Rubens?
The Chinese merchant, Yippong
Who were Rembrandt's principal patrons?
The professional class and civic institutions.
What is the format of the Elevation of the Cross by Rubens?
Triptych - 3 panels
What is the term used for the effect of Francisco de Zurbarán's Christ on the Cross when it was displayed behind the altar at San Pablo el Real in Seville?
Trompe l'oeil effect. (trick the eye into thinking that a flat surface, like a wall, is actually 3-Dimensional)
In the painting by Dong Qichang after Ni Zan in his Landscapes after Old Masters, what is different about Dong's representation of the landscape in relation to Ni Zan's fourteenth-century approach?
cross hatching and strong tilting of the ground plane and makes his landscape appear different and "stranger" or "unnatural"
What was the source for the idol in the background of The Martyrdom of Saint Thomas by Rubens?
sculpted handle of an Indonesian dagger called a kris
What does the pointing hand of Christ in Caravaggio's Calling of Saint Matthew recall?
the pointing hand from Michelangelo's Creation of Adam in the Sistine chapel