Reproduction 2

Postnatal development

after birth, differentiation and growth continue to adult stage.

Progesterone

causes the lining of the uterus to thicken, and an increase in blood vessels to form.

Implantation

cleavage of fertilized egg begins at once in the oviduct 6-10 days later, the embryo (blastula) implants in the uterine lining.

Fallopian tubes

close to each ovary is the funnel shaped opening of a Fallopian tube, or an oviduct The egg, released from the ovary, enters the Fallopian tubes and is transported through the tube to the uterus.

Ovulation

egg is released from the follicle.

Ovation hormones

estrogen, progesterone

Gestation

9 months of baby in stomach

Corpus luteum stage

follicle becomes a mass of cells called corpus luteum, which secretes the hormone progesterone

Secretions

glands secrete various fluids, which are a transport medium for the sperm. This is an adaptation for life on land.

Uterus

hallow, oval organ in which development of the fertilized egg occurs.

Puberty

hormones control the development of the reproductive tissues. Sperm and egg production

Menstruation

if an egg has not been fertilized, lining of uterus breaks down and passes out of uterus, as blood flow for about four days.

Multiple embryos

if the ovary releases 2 eggs, and each is fertilized by different sperms, fraternal twins result.

Prenatal development

Gastrulation occurs after implantation in the uterine wall Placenta and umbilical cord and amniotic fluid develop

Semen

mixture of fluids and sperm

Death

natural aging process ends, irreversible cessation of all brain functions

Aging

normal development of the Individual: we now know that much can be done to improve natural changes of mental and physical aging.

Identical twins

one egg is released, and is released, and is fertilized by one sperm, but the cells separate during early cleavage

Hormones

ovaries produce female sex hormones that regulate the development of female secondary sex characteristics, such as mammary glands, and broadening of the pelvis. The ovarian hormones and the pituitary hormone regulate the menstrual cycle.

Follicle stage

ovaries secrete the hormone estrogen and an egg matures in an ovarian follicle

Ovaries

pair of female gonads Produce the female gametes, called eggs Eggs are produced by meiosis in cavities called follicles

Ducts

passageway for sperm from testes to the urethra in the penis, which is an adaptation for depositing sperm into the body of the female

In-vitro

technique in which an egg and sperm fertilize outside the body and then the embryo is implanted into the uterus of the female, where normal development and birth occur.

Male hormones

testes produce testosterone, which regulates the development of the male secondary sex characteristics such as beard development and deep voice.

Fertilization

the fusion of a male gamete (sperm) with a female gamete (egg) usually occurs in the upper portion of an oviduct. If it doesn't occur within 24 hours, the egg degenerates

Birth

through the vagina 9 months after fertilization

Fertilization of egg

would occur in the Fallopian tube, or oviduct, if there is sperm present

Pituitary hormone

FSH, LH

Ovulation

Once a month an egg is released from a follicle. All of the eggs that a female will produce are present in an immature form at birth.

Female reproductive system

Ovaries, Fallopian tubes, vagina, uterus

Menstrual cycle

a series of changes changes in the ovary and the uterus that occur at approximately one month intervals Begins at puberty, Stops during pregnancy, Stops permanently at menopause. Average 28 days, but often varies each month of among individuals

Testes

located in the outdo king of the body wall called the scrotum Temperature is 1-2 degrees lower than the normal body temp. For production and storage of sperm

Vagina

lower end of the uterus connect to the vagina, or birth canal, a muscular tube leading to the outside of the body.

Hormone feedback cycle

maturation of an egg is stimulated by follicle stimulating hormone(FSH) secreted by pituitary

Menopause

menstrual cycle stops permanently at about 45-50, but age of onset may vary greatly.