Respiratory Exam 1

When administering a neuromuscular blockade (NMB) to ventilate a patient suffering ARDS, the nurse should, in addition, anticipate administering which of the following medications?

- An opioid - A benzo

Use of in-line suction

- decreases hypoxemia - decreases patient anxiety - sustains positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) = continuous pressure to keep alveoli open

When caring for a client with acute respiratory failure, the nurse should expect to focus on resolving which set of problems?

- hypercapnia (too much CO2) - hypovolemia - hypoxemia (low O2 in blood)

Client being ready to be weaned from a ventilator

Class: Pressure support 10 mmHg, PEEP 5, f-6, FiO2 35% PrepU: vital capasity of 13 mL/kg, Vt 8.5 mL/kg, PaO2 of 64 mmHg

High pressure alarm

Increase in pressure - decreased lung compliance (cant expand as well) - coughing / bucking vent - secretions - ETT obstruction / kink - pneumothorax - atelectasis

Low pressure alarm

Low volume exhaled detected - leak (cuff) - disconnection / dislodgement of tube

A client has hypoxemia of pulmonary origin. What portion of arterial blood gas results is most useful in distinguishing between acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute respiratory failure?

Partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2)

Respiratory Failure

failure to: - ventilate (paCO2 >50) = hypercapnia - oxygenate (PaO2 <60) = hypoxemia - pH < 7.35

FiO2

fraction (percentage) of inspired oxygen - set usually 35% - 100%

PEEP

positive end-expiratory pressure - common mechanical ventilator setting in which airway pressure is maintained above atmospheric pressure (continuous pressure) - keeps alveoli open - 5 - 20 mmHg

PS

pressure support - pressure assistance for patient taking spontaneous breaths - dec resistance and wob - 8-10

RR = f

respiration rate

Vt

tidal volume - amount of air inhaled and exhaled during a normal ventilation - ~6-8 mL/kg