respiratory function (C17) prep u questions

You are caring for a client admitted with chronic bronchitis. The client is having difficulty breathing, and the family asks you what causes this difficulty. What would be your best response?

"Conditions such as chronic bronchitis cause thickening of the bronchial mucosa so it makes it harder to breathe" Page 484

The nurse instructor is teaching students about the respiratory system. The instructor knows the teaching has been effective when a student makes which statement?

"ventilation is the movement of air in and out of the respiratory tract." page 466

A client has recently been diagnosed with malignant lung cancer. The nurse is calculating the client's smoking history in pack years. The client reports smoking 2 packs of cigarettes a day for the past 11 years. The nurse correctly documents the client's pack years as

22 page 474

Inspection of a patient's skin color is part of the assessment of the integumentary system. Cyanosis, which is a late indicatory of hypoxia, is present when the unoxygenated hemoglobin level is

5 page 475

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with pneumonia. The nurse assesses the client for tactile fremitus by completing which action?

Asking the client to repeat "ninety nine" as the nurse's hands move down the client's thorax Page 482

A client appears to be breathing faster than during the last assessment. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform?

Count the rate of respirations Page 477

The nurse is caring for a patient with a pulmonary disorder. What observation by the nurse is indicative of a very late symptom of hypoxia?

Cyanosis Page 475-476

The nurse enters the room of a client who is being monitored with pulse oximetry. Which of the following factors may alter the oximetry results?

Diagnosis of peripheral vascular disease Page 487

Which of the following clinical manifestations should a nurse monitor for during a pulmonary angiography, which indicated an allergic reaction to the contrast medium?

Difficulty breathing

High or increased compliance occurs in which disease process?

Emphysema Page 477

A nurse is concerned that a client may develop postoperative atelectasis. Which nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate if this complication occurs?

Impaired gas exchange Page 491

A client has just undergone bronchoscopy. Which nursing assessment is MOST important at this time?

Level of consciousness Page 489-490

A physician has ordered that a client with suspected lung cancer undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The nurse explains the benefits of this study to the client. What is the reason the client with suspected lung cancer would undergo magetic resonance imaging?

MRI can view soft tissues and can help stage cancers Page 489

The nurse is performing an assessment for a patient with congestive heart failure. The nurse asks if the patient has difficulty breathing in any position other than upright. What is the nurse referring to ?

Orthopnea Page 471

When assessing a client, which adaptation indicated the presence of respiratory distress?

Orthopnea Page 471

A patient describes his chest pain as knife like on inspiration. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Pleurisy Page 473

A patient comes to the emergency department complaining of a knife likfe pain when taking a deep breath. What does this type of pain likely indicate to the nurse?

Pleurisy Page 473

The nurse caring for a client whose respiratory status has declined since shift report. The client has tachycardia, is restless, and displays cyanosis. Which diagnostic test should the nurse perform first?

Pulse oximetry

The nurse receives an order to obtain a sputum sample from a client with hemoptysis. When advising the client of the physician's order, the client states not being able to produce sputum. Which suggestion, offered by the nurse, is helpful in producing the sputum sample?

Take deep breaths and cough forcefully Page 488

The client returning from the operating room following a bronchoscopy. Which action, performed by the nursing assistant, would the nurse stop if began prior to nursing assessment?

The nursing assistant is pouring a glass of water to wet the clients mouth

You are studying for a physiology test about the respiratory system. What should you know about central chemoreceptors in the medulla?

They respond to changes in CO2 levels and hydration ion concentrations (pH) in the cerebrospinal fluid Page 470

The volume of air inhaled and exhaled with each breath is termed

Tidal volume Page 485

Which hollow tube transports air from the laryngeal pharynx to the bronchi?

Trachea Page 464

A nurse is discussing squamous epithelial cells lining each alveolus, which consist of different types of cells. Which type of alveolar cells produce surfactant?

Type || cells Page 465

A nurse caring for a patient with a pulmonary embolism understands that a high ventilation- perfusion ratio may exist. What does this mean for the patient?

Ventilation exceeds perfusion Page 468

The nursing instructor is teaching students about the respiratory system. The instructor knows the teaching has been effective when a student makes which statement?

Ventilation is the movement of air in and out of the respiratory tract Page 466

The nurse is performing chest auscultation for a patient with asthma. How does the nurse describe the high pitched, sibilant, musical sounds that are heard?

Wheezes Page 483

While auscultating the lungs of a client with asthma, the nurse hears a continuous, high pitched whistling sound on expiration. The nurse will document this sound as which of the following?

Wheezes Page 483

A client with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is scheduled for a thoracentesis. Which nursing intervention would be appropriate for client safety?

administering a cough suppressant as needed page 492

Which statement is true regarding air pressure variances?

air is drawn through the trachea and bronchi into the alveoli during inspiration page 466

The nurse auscultates crackles in a patient with a respiratory disorder. With what disorder would crackles be commonly heard?

collapsed alveoli page 484

The nurse is assessing the lungs of a patient diagnosed with pulmonary edema. Which of the following would be expected upon auscultation?

crackles at lung bases page 484

The nurse enters the room of a client who is being monitored with pulse ofimetry. Which of the following factors may alter the oximetry results?

diagnosis of peripheral vascular disease page 487

The nurse knows that what condition is associated with increased compliance of the lungs?

emphysema page 466

A physician wants a study of diaphragmatic motion because of suspected pathology. What does the nurse anticipate that the physician will most likely order?

fluoroscopy

A nurse is instructing the client on the normal sensations that can occur when contrast medium is infused during pulmonary angiography. Which client statement demonstrates an understanding of the teaching?

i will feel warm and may have chest pain page 489

A pediatrician diagnosed a child with swollen and inflamed adenoids. The nurse practitioner confirmed the diagnosis by:

inspecting the roof of the nasopharynx page 463

A client has just undergone bronchoscopy. Which nursing assessment is most important at this time?

level of conscoiusness

Pink, frothy sputum may be an indication of

pulmonary edema page 473

The nurse is admitting a client who just had a bronchoscopy. Which assessment should be the nurse's priority?

swallow reflex page 490

A nurse is assessing a client's respiratory system. Which alveolar cells secrete surfactant to reduce lung surface tension?

type 2 page 465

What is the difference between respiration and ventilation?

ventilation is the movement of air in and out of the respiratory tract page 466

A thoracentesis is performed to obtain a sample of pleural fluid or a biopsy specimen from the pleural wall for diagnostic purposes. What does the bloody fluid results indicate?

Trauma Page 492

The nurse assessed a 28-year-old woman who was experiencing dyspnea severe enough to make her seek medical attention. The history revealed no prior cardiac problems and the presence of symptoms for 6 months' duration. On assessment, the nurse noted the presence of both inspiratory and expiratory wheezing. Based on this data, which of the following diagnoses is likely?

asthma page 482

Which is a deformity of the chest that occurs as a result of overinflation of the lungs?

barrel chest page 477

For air to enter the lungs (process of ventilation), the intrapulmonary pressure must be less than atmospheric pressure so air can be pulled inward. Select the movement of respiratory muscles that makes this happen during inspiration.

Diaphragm contracts and elongates the chest cavity

What would the instructor tell the students purulent fluid indicates?

Infection Page 473

What is the primary function of the larynx?

Producing sound Page 464

The nurse is assessing a patient in respiratory failure. What finding is a late indicator of hypoxia?

cyanosis page 475

A client has been newly diagnosed with emphysema. The nurse should explain to the client that by definition, ventilation:

Is breathing air in and out of the lungs Page 477

A patient diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis would be expected to have which type of respiratory pattern?

Kussmaul respirations Page 479

A physician has ordered that a client with suspected lung cancer undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The nurse explains the benefits of this study to the client. What is the reason the client with suspected lung cancer would undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)?

MRI can view soft tissues and can help stage cancers page 489

The nurse is taking a respiratory history for a patient who has come into the clinic with a chronic cough. What information should the nurse obtain from this patient?

Previous history of lung disease in patient or family occupational and environmental influences previous history of smoking Page 471

The clinical finding of pink, frothy sputum may be an indication of which condition?

Pulmonary edema Page 473

The nurse is caring for a client with hypoxia of unknown cause. Which of the following oxygen transport considerations does the nurse identify as crucial to circulate oxygen in the body system?

oxygen is dissolved oxyhemoglobin circulates to the body tissue adequate red blood cells are needed for oxygen transport page 465

A client with chronic bronchitis is admitted to the health facility. Auscultation of the lungs reveals low pitched, rumbling sounds. Which term should the nurse document?

rhonchi

A client with chronic bronchitis is admitted to the health facility. Auscultation of the lungs reveals low-pitched rumbling sounds. Which term should the nurse document?

rhonchi page 483

The nurse is caring for a client who is to undergo a thoracentesis. In preparation for the procedure, the nurse places the client in which position?

sitting on the edge of the bed page 492

The nurse receives an order to obtain a sputum sample from a client with hemoptysis. When advising the client of the physician's order, the client states not being able to produce sputum. Which suggestion, offered by the nurse is helpful in producing the sputum sample?

take deep breaths and cough forcefully page 488