Respiratory System

As acidity increases, how does this affect the affinity of hemoglobin for the oxygen it carries? Select one: a. Oxyhemoglobin affinity decreases. b. Oxyhemoglobin affinity increases. c. Oxyhemoglobin affinity remains the same. d. Hemoglobin loses its affinity for oxygen. e. None of these choices is correct.

. Oxyhemoglobin affinity decreases.

The auditory tubes open into the Select one: a. fauces. b. oropharynx. c. nasopharynx. d. laryngopharynx. e. nasal cavity.

. nasopharynx.

With a respiratory rate of 12 breaths per minute and a tidal volume of 500mL, what would the minute ventilation be? Select one: a. 500 mL per minute b. 41.6 mL per minute c. 600 mL per minute d. 60 liters per minute e. 6 liters per minute

6 liters per minute

The Haldane effect means that Select one: a. as hemoglobin releases CO2, the ability to pick up O2 increases. b. as hemoglobin releases bicarbonate ions, the ability to pick up chloride ions increases. c. as hemoglobin releases O2, the ability to pick up CO2 increases. d. as hemoglobin releases O2, the ability to pick up CO2 decreases.

as hemoglobin releases O2, the ability to pick up CO2 increases

When carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase, the Select one: a. condition is called hypocapnia. b. pH of the blood increases. c. blood becomes more acidic. d. number of hydrogen ions in the blood decreases. e. blood becomes more alkaline.

blood becomes more acidic.

Oxygenated blood is carried to the tissues of the lungs via the Select one: a. pulmonary veins. b. bronchial arteries. c. pulmonary artery. d. abdominal aorta. e. pleural arteries.

bronchial arteries.

Which of the following is mismatched? Select one: a. bronchitis - inflammation of the bronchi b. emphysema - destruction of the alveolar walls c. pulmonary fibrosis - loss of elastic recoil in the lung d. cystic fibrosis - replacement of lung tissue with fibrous connective tissue e. smokers - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

cystic fibrosis - replacement of lung tissue with fibrous connective tissue

Oxygen is transported in the blood Select one: a. bound to hemoglobin. b. bound to albumin. c. dissolved in the plasma. d. as part of the bicarbonate ion. e. dissolved in the plasma and bound to hemoglobin.

dissolved in the plasma and bound to hemoglobin.

What factors are responsible for the decrease in the volume of the alveoli? Select one: a. compliance and lung recoil b. lung recoil and surface tension of water c. compliance and surface tension of water d. perfusion and lung recoil

lung recoil and surface tension of water

Which of the following factors keeps the alveoli expanded? Select one: a. a pneumothorax b. negative pleural pressure c. alveolar pressure being equal to atmospheric pressure d. a reduction in surfactant e. negative intra-alveolar pressure

negative pleural pressure

Expiration during quiet breathing Select one: a. is an active process. b. requires more muscle contractions than inspiration. c. is due to contraction of the diaphragm and elevation of the ribs. d. occurs when the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles relax. e. is not affected by the elastic properties of the lungs.

occurs when the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles relax.

Which of the following results in an increase in shunted blood (blood not completely oxygenated)? Select one: a. exercise b. pulmonary edema c. increased heart rate d. increased respiration rate e. None of these choices is correct.

pulmonary edema

When 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) levels increase, hemoglobin Select one: a. releases less oxygen to tissues. b. releases more carbon dioxide to tissues. c. releases more oxygen to tissues. d. releases less carbon dioxide to tissues. e. None of these choices is correct.

releases more oxygen to tissues.

Which of the following is an effect of aging on the respiratory system? Select one: a. vital capacity is unchanged b. minute ventilation rates increase c. residual volume increases d. gas exchange in the lungs remains unchanged

residual volume increases

Constriction of smooth muscle in the bronchioles Select one: a. occurs during periods of exercise. b. restricts the flow of air into the lungs. c. decreases ciliary action. d. increases airflow out of the lungs. e. does not affect airflow.

restricts the flow of air into the lungs.

The largest of the laryngeal cartilages is the Select one: a. epiglottis. b. thyroid cartilage. c. cricoid cartilage. d. corniculate cartilage. e. cuneiform cartilage.

thyroid cartilage.

As the result of an asthmatic attack, Select one: a. ventilation exceeds the ability of blood to pick up oxygen. b. ventilation is inadequate to oxygenate blood. c. pulmonary blood flow is reduced while ventilation remains normal. d. the surface area available for gas exchange increases. e. bronchioles dilate.

ventilation is inadequate to oxygenate blood.

When air passes through the glottis, which structures vibrate to produce sound? Select one: a. thyroid folds b. ventricular folds c. epiglottal cords d. cricohyoid folds e. vocal folds (cords)

vocal folds (cords)

Which of the following functions is associated with the nose? Select one: a. initiating the cough reflex b. external respiration c. warming the air d. producing mucus to trap debris from the air e. warming the air and producing mucus to trap debris from the air

warming the air and producing mucus to trap debris from the air

Hemoglobin that has released its oxygen Select one: a. loses its affinity for oxygen. b. will dissolve in the plasma. c. will bind more readily to carbon dioxide. d. is broken down to heme and globin and excreted. e. will bind more readily to oxygen.

will bind more readily to carbon dioxide.