Review Questions - Endocrine System

How many hormones are produced by the posterior pituitary?

0

Which of the following is an anterior pituitary hormone?

TSH

The secretion of thyroid hormones is controlled by (blank).

TSH from the anterior pituitary

Which of the following hormones contributes to the regulation of the body's fluid and electrolyte balance?

antidiuretic hormone

The production of melatonin is inhibited by (blank).

exposure to bright light

Cushing's disease is a disorder caused by (blank).

abnormally high levels of cortisol

Iodide ions cross the bloodstream into follicle cells via (blank).

active transport

Which of the following statements about the thyroid gland is true?

all of the above

Athletes may take synthetic EPO to boost their (blank).

blood oxygen levels

What secretory cell type is found in the adrenal medulla?

chromaffin cells

In the elderly, decreased thyroid function causes (blank).

decreased basal metabolic rate

Hormones produced by the thymus play a role in the (blank).

development of T cells

Which of the following can result from hyperparathyroidism?

fractures

If an autoimmune disorder targets the alpha cells, production of which hormone would be directly affected?

glucagon

The end result of the RAAS is to (blank).

increase blood pressure

Chemical signaling that affects neighboring cells is called (blank).

paracrine

Which of the following responses is not part of the fight-or-flight response?

reduced mental activity

Endocrine glands (blank).

secrete chemical messengers that travel in the bloodstream

The gonads produce what class of hormones?

steroid hormones

A small molecule binds to a G protein, preventing its activation. What direct effect will this have on signaling that involves cAMP?

Adenylyl cyclase will not be activated.

Which of the following statements about insulin is true?

Insulin facilitates the movement of intracellular glucose transporters to the cell membrane.

The walls of the atria produce which hormone?

atrial natriuretic peptide

The production of FSH by the anterior pituitary is reduced by which hormone?

inhibin

The adrenal glands are attached superiorly to which organ?

kidneys

The hypothalamus is functionally and anatomically connected to the posterior pituitary lobe by a bridge of (blank).

nerve axons

A student is in a car accident, and although not hurt, immediately experiences pupil dilation, increased heart rate, and rapid breathing. What type of endocrine system stimulation did the student receive?

neural

The anterior pituitary gland develops from which embryonic germ layer?

oral ectoderm

What cells secret melatonin?

pinealocytes

The function of the placental hormone human placental lactogen (hPL) is to (blank)

prepare the breasts for lactation

When blood calcium levels are low, PTH stimulates (blank).

the activity of osteoclasts

The development of a goiter indicates that (blank).

there is an excessive accumulation of colloid in the thyroid follicles

A newly developed pesticide has been observed to bind to an intracellular hormone receptor. If ingested, residue from this pesticide could disrupt levels of (blank).

thyroid hormone