Rhetorical Theory: Quiz 2, 3, 4, 5 &6

The author of The history and theory of rhetoric (6th Ed., 2018) is an expert in __________________.

17th and 18th century English deists

Which character in the Gorgias stated that "might makes right"?

??

Which of the following was NOT a factor leading to the rise of the Second Sophistic?

??? re-establishment of Greece's political independence from Rome

Knowles-Borishade's theory of African orature ______________ the myth of the American melting pot

??? refutes

Herrick uses the story of the __________________ to illustrate Quintilian's attention to detail and devotion to the idea of decorum.

??? toga

According to Knowles-Borishade, _______________ is culturally idiosyncratic and does not conform to the Western style of speech-making.

African orature

Borchers & Hundley define ________________ as the placing of African ideals at the center of any analysis that involves African culture and behavior.

Afro-centricity

Aristotle's most famous student was _________________.

Alexander

Beginning in 292 BCE, scholars in a library in ___________________ began a project to preserve, classify, and refine works of Greek culture, including Homer's Iliad and Aristotle's Rhetoric.

Alexandria

Which of the following is NOT true about Aristotle?

All of the other items are false

Depoe criticizes ______________'s rhetorical theory for working from a position of white privilege, providing tools for statist administrative control, and oversimplifying human emotion?

Aristotle

Who said, "From the hour of their birth, some are marked out for subjection, others for rule"?

Aristotle

Which approach to rhetorical theory emphasized the value of silence?

Chinese

Which theorist believed that a speaker who wishes to arouse emotions in an audience must also experience those feelings themselves?

Cicero

Which theorist believed that a speaker's credibility was derived from their prior actions and reputation?

Cicero

Which Chinese figure counseled to "be like water" when confronted with an argument or disagreement?

Confucius

ancient Chinese figure taught reverence toward tradition, elders, and other authorities?

Confucius

Which 4th Century Athenian was known for overcoming a number of physical challenges to become a speaker known for effective delivery?

Demosthenes

Which of the following is NOT a step taken to build an enthymeme based on pathos?

Form general premises that describe probable motives or behaviors

Which Sophist doubted the existence of material reality, claiming instead that our reality exists in our mind or psyche?

Gorgias

Which of the following is NOT true about Diogenes?

He left a corpus of writings and letters

Which of the following was NOT a biographical fact about Plato?

He was a student of Aristotle

The period of Macedonian and Roman rule over Greece from 4th through 1st Century BCE during which elements of Greek culture were adopted or appropriated by the conquerors was the _______________.

Hellenistic period

Which Sophist supposedly said, "I have never found any man who was my superior in anything"?

Hippias

Which of the following would NOT be advice given by Cicero regarding the use of wit and humor?

Imitation is the sincerest form of flattery

_________________ proofs are based on materials found or generated outside the speech.

Inartistic

´According to ___________________________, rhetoric distinguishes civilized peoples from barbarians.

Isocrates

Who defines rhetoric as "the energy inherent in human emotion and thought, transmitted through a system of signs, including language, to others to influence their thoughts and actions"?

Kennedy

Which of the following is NOT true about Aristotle?

Known for coining the phrase "Man is the measure of all things"

Who was known as the founder of Taoism?

Lao Tzu

Which theorist is credited with authoring On the Sublime?

Longinus

Aristotle's school was known as the ____________________.

Lyceum

The plot of the Phaedrus revolves around characters Socrates and Phaedrus presenting various versions of a speech given by ___________________.

Lysias

Which Sophist was a speechwriter who taught and practiced the plain style?

Lysias

Which of the following is NOT a character in Plato's Gorgias?

Lysias?

Depoe compares The intrigues of the warring states to ___________________.

Machiavelli's The prince

To illustrate the diatribe as a speech genre, Depoe showed a clip from what movie?

Network

According to Knowles-Borishade, ___________________ is the Word pregnant with meaning that gains potency through oral delivery.

Nommo

Which of the following is NOT a criticism of Roman rhetorical theory identified by Depoe?

Paid obeisance to dominant authorities and the state

Which Athenian leader gave a funeral oration after a battle against Sparta that has been recognized as one of the first speeches that produced a historical record or text for posterity?

Pericles

´Apasia may have written __________________________.

Pericles' funeral oration

An allegorical interpretation of the three speeches presented in the first part of the Phaedrus equates the topic of "love" with _______________________.

Persuasion or logos

Aristotle's teacher was _______________________.

Plato

Which Sophist was known as the "walking dictionary"?

Prodicus

Who is reported to have said, "Man is the measure of all things"?

Protagoras

___________________________ is known as the "father" or originator of debate.

Protagoras

Which theorist offered a cradle-to-grave approach to rhetorical education?

Quintilian

________________________ was a lyric writer and poet whose subject matter included romantic love between women and intrigue among politicians.

Sappho

According to Plato's account of the trial of Socrates, who did the oracle at Delphi proclaim as the wisest person in Athens?

Socrates

In Plato's "allegory of the cave," the escaped prisoner represented ______________________.

Socrates

Which character in the Gorgias asserted that politicians who try to please the masses are actually weak instead of strong?

Socrates

What was the outcome of the trial of Socrates?

Socrates accepted a death sentence

Plato blamed ______________________________________ for the death of Socrates.

Sophists

According to Borchers & Hundley, which period of Chinese history saw a development of more refined forms of rhetoric used by more classes of people?

Spring Autumn and Warring States period

xWhich of the following is NOT true about Cicero?

Supported Marc Antony in effort to topple Julius Caesar

Where did the Greek origin story of rhetoric take place?

Syracuse

Which of the following is NOT one of Aristotle's four uses of rhetoric?

Take advantage of opportunities

According to Depoe, the "feng shui" movement is related to ____________________.

Taoism

Which of the following reasons Aristotle gives for criminals acting to commit a crime are incorrect?

The crime is beyond their control

In Plato's "allegory of the cave," the world outside the cave represented ___________________________.

The realm of forms

Which of the following is NOT part of Depoe's assessment of Afro-centric rhetorical theory?

The theory overstates the homogeneity of cultural groups across the African continent

Which of the following is NOT one of Depoe's criticisms of Aristotle's treatment of emotional proof?

Too political—based on view that emotions are tied to political view or social station

Which of the following was NOT a key historical development in the Mediterranean Basin from 8th to 6th Century BC that led to the emergence of rhetoric in Greece?

Transition from written to oral culture

___________________ as a technique of amplification is illustrated when someone highlights firsts, bests, and mosts.

Unique or frequent accomplishments

Which of the following is NOT true about Quintilian?

Was student of Cicero

Which of the following is NOT one of the seven elements of Plato's ideal rhetoric?

ability to seize opportunities

For Aristotle, which of the following draw materials from endoxa?

all of the above

Which of the following is NOT one of Depoe's propositions concerning the relationship between rhetorical theory and colonization?

all of the answers are correct

Which of the following is NOT a reason cited by Jiazu for the Chinese focus on memory?

all of these answers are correct

Joe Biden's statement in a recent speech that he would "move us away from the darkness and toward the light" is an example of what rhetorical figure?

antithesis

Which of the following is NOT a tenet of Afro-centricity?

argues that rhetoric originated in Greece before Africa

´The Sophists defined __________________ as excellence, achievement, and personal success.

arte

According to Cicero, using the elements of one's past life to defend one's self is called ___________________.

attributes of the person

In a rhetorical theory, ____________________ asks the question "how do we judge good from bad rhetoric."

axiology

Which of the following was NOT true about Epicureanism?

believed that more was better

According to Knowles-Borishade, the ________________ are/is the primary creative element in a rhetorical act or event.

caller

Plato's theory of human nature likened the soul to a ___________________________.

chariot traveling through the universe

According to Depoe, the phrase "Amen corner" illustrates which element of African orature?

chorus

According to Depoe, nearly all rhetorical theory textbooks are organized in ______________________ order.

chronological

´__________________________ is the practical art of political discourse that advances the cause of the nation or city-state.

civic rhetoric

The historical development in which a series of nation-states attempted to build empires based on the acquisition of wealth, resources, and land and the subjugation of indigenous peoples and erasure of local cultures is labeled by Depoe as ___________________.

colonization

The argument "Because sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) are poisonous, salt as a compound (NaCl) is poisonous" is an example of the fallacy of ______________.

composition

In Quintilian's formulation, the part of a speech that answers actual or potential counter-arguments is the _______________.

confutatio

According to Aristotle, rhetoric is the ______________ of dialectic.

counterpart

For Aristotle, which of the following is NOT a characteristic of effective word choice or style?

creativity

The __________________ approach analyzes rhetorical theories based on the culture that produced the rhetoric

culture-centered

Socrates' critical views of Athenian society served as the forerunner to what philosophical school of thought?

cynics

Cicero defined ____________________ as speaking and acting in appropriate ways based on customs, norms, and status of the participants.

decorum

A line of reasoning that contains a series of specific cases or instances as its premises is a(n) ____________________.

deduction

The promotion of eudamonia is the goal or purpose of _____________________ oratory.

deliberative

Which type of oratory focuses on a future time frame?

deliberative

Which of the following was NOT true of Stoicism?

delineated between free men and slaves based on natural law

Aristotle believed that _________________ is not an elevated subject of inquiry

delivery

Socrates taught his students via what form of instruction?

dialectic

Which of the following is NOT one of the five canons of rhetoric?

dialectic

The __________________ is the genre of speech that offers a moral drama intended to assault sensibilities and critique society.

diatribe

According to Depoe, rhetoric for Aristotle is the art of ________________, not ___________________.

discovery, performance

__________________________ was the concept that allowed for the possibility that "x" and "not x" could both be true at the same time

dissoi logoi

Which of the following is NOT true about Aristotle?

distrusted demos

In the third speech presented in the opening section of the Phaedrus, Socrates describes love as _________________________.

divine madness

According to Herrick, the history of rhetoric _______________________________.

does not have a precise beginning

Many of Plato's dialogues feature ______________________ as a literary device in which the author provides the readers with information or insights that the characters in the story do not have.

dramatic irony

In 6th-4th C BCE Athens, all citizens were entitled to participate in the ____________________ or assembly.

ekklesia

A deductive argument containing a premise and a conclusion, with one premise omitted and supplied by the audience, is a(n) ____________________.

enthymeme

An argument that moves from a specific premise to a specific conclusion based on similarities of cases is called a(n) ________________.

enthymeme

The Sophists' approach to public speaking training typically included ______________________, the preparation and delivery of an original formal address.

epideixis

For Plato, ______________________________ is thorough knowledge of a subject, along with insight in the ideal form related to the subject.

episteme

In a rhetorical theory, __________________ asks the question "how does rhetoric work or function.

epistemology

According to Aristotle, the quality of judgment that considers an act in accordance with universal laws of prudential human conduct is ______________.

equity

Aristotle believed that _________________ was the most effective means of persuasion one can possess.

ethos

According to Aristotle, which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a young person?

favor useful based on self-interest

Depoe illustrates __________________ as an ontological perspective through dog shows and architecture.

formism

Which of the following was NOT a factor contributing to the emergence of the Roman Empire at the end of the 1st Century BCE?

franchising out of the "Roman Way"

The argument "The Bengals won't beat the Packers (average team in the league) because they can't even beat the Jets (worst team in the league) is an example of __________________.

from the stronger

Which of the following was NOT a reason that the Sophists were criticized by many in their day?

gave instruction without charging fees

Which of the following was NOT true of the Cynics?

goal in life was tranquility

According to Aristotle, which of the following is NOT one of the sources of speaker credibility?

good age

Cicero believed that the _________________ style is most appropriate to use in speeches that aim to move audiences

grand

In the "myth of the charioteer" presented in the Phaedrus, the charioteer represents _________________.

human soul

Which of the following is NOT part of Depoe's definition of rhetoric?

in order to gain compliance

In African rhetoric, ___________________ is defined as going around an issue in order to demonstrate skill, amuse an audience, or offset a power imbalance.

indirection

The statement "You know the Boston Celtics are winning in the fourth quarter when you see Coach Auerbach smoking a cigar on the bench" is illustrates a(n) _______________.

infallible

For Cicero, loci could be used to support which two canons of rhetoric?

invention, memory

According to Herrick, which of the following is NOT one of the six characteristics of rhetoric?

is spontaneous

´For the Sophists, _____________________ was defined as taking advantage of one's opportunities that present themselves at particular times and places.

kairos

In the Gorgias, the character Socrates informs Polus that a true art (techne) should be based on ______________ and ____________________.

knowledge of subject, virtuous outcome

Plato believed that an ideal rhetoric requires the speaker to arrange materials so that the speech resembles a(n) ________________________.

living creature

A _____________________________ was a speechwriter who prepared speeches for Athenian citizens to present in court.

logographer

According to Depoe, which of the following is NOT one of the criticisms leveled by scholar Walzer against Quintilian?

made few original contributions

In acts of African orature, ________________________ is the supraordinate object or goal.

maintenance of spiritual harmony

Which of the following is NOT a true art, according to Socrates in the Gorgias?

make-up?

"A stitch in time saves nine" is a(n) __________________.

maxim

In Plato's "Allegory of the Cave," the prisoners in the cave represented ________________.

members of the demos

Which of the following is NOT a constituent of happiness, according to Aristotle?

military prowess

Justice based on social convention or vote obtained by jurors is ____________________.

nomos

______________________ are sworn statements submitted voluntarily.

oaths

For Aristotle, categories of classification are derived from ______________.

observation of similar characteristics

In a rhetorical theory, _______________________ asks the question "what is the nature of reality."

ontology

Depoe illustrates __________________ as an ontological perspective through the example of "the force" from Star Wars.

organicism

The ontology of Chinese rhetorical theory was __________________.

organicist

The Greek approach to education that was adapted by the Romans was called ______________________.

paideia

Depoe presents his theory of ________________________________ to illustrate the practical value of theories.

parking

A 55 mile-per-hour speed limit on a state highway is an example of a(n) ___________________.

particular law

According to Aristotle, _________________ is support or proof based on the arousal of a state of feeling or emotion in audience members.

pathos

Government during the Roman Republic featured quasi-democratic participation by the _________________ and the _______________________.

patricians, plebeians

Patrick Henry's statement "give me liberty or give me death" illustrates what part of a speech, according to Quintilian?

peroratio

In Plato's ideal republic, societies should be ruled by ______________________________.

philosopher-kings

Which of the following subjects was NOT part of the Classical trivium of education?

philosophy

According to Herrick, which of the following is NOT a type of power enacted and distributed through rhetoric

physical

Aristotle's father was a _________________________.

physician

Depoe described a Platonic dialogue (dialogue written by Plato) as a cross between a(n) _______________________ and a(n) _______________________.

play, dialectic conversation

The common topic based on considering whether something is plausible or likely based on what is known or assumed is called ______________.

possible or impossible

According to Depoe (paraphrasing Lewin), there is nothing so _____________________ as a good _____________________.

practical, theory

´For the Sophists, rhetorical competence involved a combination of natural ability, theoretical instruction, and _____________________.

practice

In ceremonial speaking, a speaker presents arguments of _________________ and _________________.

praise, blame

According to Depoe, we can "decolonize rhetorical theory" by ___________________.

presenting alternative rhetoric origin stories from non-European times and places

Asante defines African rhetoric as the ____________________ in an attempt to _______________.

productive thrust of language, maintain harmony and balance

Which Sophist began teaching in Athens after winning a public speaking contest shortly after arriving in the city?

protagoras

According to Enos, passages in Homer's "The Iliad" illustrated the _______________________ function of language, highlighting its power to turn or direct human thought.

proteptric

Which of the following was NOT one of the charges brought against Socrates during his trial in 399 BCE?

providing military secrets to Athens' enemies

A(n) __________________________ is a poet or speaker of incantations and magic.

psychagogos

According to Knowles-Borishade, _________________________ co-create a message and provide verbal checks and balances through active participation in the rhetorical event.

responders

According to Herrick, the ___________________ is an individual or group engaged in rhetorical activity through the preparation and presentation of discourse or other rhetorical artifacts.

rhetor

For Plato, the true art of _________________________________ involves leading the soul to truth and right conduct based on ideas and arguments.

rhetoric

Which of the following is NOT an example of a negative connotation commonly associated with rhetoric?

scientific realism

According to Aristotle, the ______________ is the material cause for a silver chalice.

silver

According to Aristotle, the _______________ is the efficient cause for a silver chalice.

silversmith

Aristotle believes that a speech's organization should be _________________.

simple

Which of the following is NOT one of the elements of Knowles-Borishade's theory of African orature?

situation

According to Herrick, rhetoric addresses ___________________ issues that do not dictate a particular outcome and engage our value commitments.

social

According to Depoe, ___________________________- is what a community considers to be true, just, or probable.

social knowledge

Who is the main character in Plato's dialogues?

socrates

Which group was NOT excluded from political participation in ancient Athens?

soldiers

Sayings of women who resided in which Greek city-state were recorded for posterity in the writings of Plutarch?

sparta

According to Knowles-Borishade's theory, the caller begins by invoking ___________________.

spiritual entities

According to Cicero, ____________________ means standing still; the point where disagreement or conflict is likely to occur in a particular case.

stasis

Quintilian's concept of bases resembles what other rhetorical concept?

stasis

During the Second Sophistic, which two canons of rhetoric were elevated in emphasis?

style, delivery

Beyonce's careful presentation of a strong persona via clothing and other elements of personal appearance is an illustration of ______________.

styling

According to Depoe, which of the following is NOT a weakness of the diatribe?

subservient to the state

In the Gorgias, the character Socrates contends that it is better to __________________ an injustice than to _____________________ an injustice.

suffer, commit

In dialectic (logical reasoning), deduction occurs in the ______________.

syllogism

For Aristotle, what is natural for something or someone to do, or be, or become, is its _______________.

telos

Depoe labelled the practice of Roman virtues of faithfulness, dignity, and respect for status, along with loyalty to the state as ________________.

the Roman way

Quintilian defined the art of rhetoric as ______________________.

the good man speaking well

The effect of writing or speaking that elevates an audience beyond the ordinary and toward the ecstatic is called ___________________.

the sublime

For Plato, reality consisted of __________________________.

the world of Being made up of the ideal of every object, concept, and person that existed prior to humans

Which of the following is an undisputed good for Aristotle?

things that produce pleasure

Depoe asserts that the _____________________ is Arisotle's most influential and enduring contribution to rhetorical theory.

three means of persuasion

Which of the following is NOT one of Cicero's three functions of oratory?

to warn

According to Kennedy, rhetoric comes from _______________ experience.

universal

For Aristotle, ___________________ is relative, probable, and _______________.

utility, political

According to Knowles-Borishade, African orature is grounded in the view that all matter ________________.

vibrates

According to Aristotle, _____________________ is the faculty of providing and preserving good things, or of conferring great benefits on others.

virtue

According to Jiazu, rhetorical theory and practice in China _____________________ rhetoric as developed in the Western classical tradition.

was largely different from

´Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of most of the Sophists?

were active throughout the span of the Greek and Roman empires

For Cicero, the perfect orator combines _______________ with __________________.

wisdom and eloquence

Which of the following items is NOT an accurate description of Cicero's De Inventione?

written as a response to Plato's attacks against rhetoric